Questions and Answers
What are the vertical columns on the periodic table called?
groups
What are the horizontal rows on the periodic table called?
periods
Most of the elements in the periodic table are classified as?
metals
The elements that touch the zigzag line on the periodic table are classified as?
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The elements in the far upper right corner of the periodic table are classified as?
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Elements in the first group have one outer shell electron and are called?
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Elements in the second group have two outer shell electrons and are called?
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Elements in groups 3 through 12 have many useful properties and are known as?
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Elements in group 17 are known as 'salt formers'. They are called?
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Elements in group 18 are very unreactive and known as?
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The first period at the bottom of the periodic table is called the?
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The second period at the bottom of the periodic table is called the?
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What is the name of the particle that has a positive charge and is located in the atom's nucleus?
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What is the name of the particle that has no charge and is located in the atom's nucleus?
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What is the name of the particle that has a negative charge and is located outside the atom's nucleus?
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Which groups contain metals so active that they are mainly found in compounds and rarely in 'pure' form?
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Which elements are noble gases and why is '8 great'?
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Which noble gas has the most energy shells?
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Which element contains more energy, Boron or Aluminum?
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Is hydrogen a metal or nonmetal?
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Why is hydrogen placed in the position that it is within the periodic table?
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Give me the chemical symbol for Group 15, period 4 element.
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How many protons are in the element at the position Group 2, period 7?
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What is the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in Bromine?
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The atomic number is the same as the?
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The group number is the same as the?
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How are elements arranged on the periodic table?
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Do elements in the Noble Gas family share characteristics?
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Do elements in Period 2 share characteristics? Explain.
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What is a metalloid and list the elements that fall into this classification.
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Describe the process you would use to determine the amount of neutrons in one atom of an element.
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How many valence electrons are in Bromine?
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Describe the process you would use to determine the number of valence electrons in one atom of an element.
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Why are valence electrons important?
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This period 3 element is in the Carbon Family.
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This Group 2 element has more protons than Carbon but less than Oxygen.
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This alkaline earth metal has a higher atomic number than Rubidium but less neutrons than Rhodium.
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This element has an atomic number greater than Copper but less than Gallium.
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This Group 2 element has fewer protons than Bromine, but more than Sulfur.
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This element has three energy levels and two valence electrons.
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This element has three valence electrons and fewer protons than Magnesium.
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This element is the smallest element in the Noble Gas family.
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This element has more neutrons than any other Noble Gas.
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This element is the only non-metal on the left side of the staircase.
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Write a clue for Neon.
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This element is in the Halogen family and has 5 energy levels.
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Study Notes
Periodic Table Basics
- Vertical columns are known as groups, while horizontal rows are called periods.
- The majority of elements are classified as metals.
Classification of Elements
- Elements touching the zigzag line are identified as metalloids.
- Non-metals occupy the upper right corner, with the top element being noble gases.
- Alkali metals are found in the first group, characterized by having one outer shell electron and high reactivity.
- Alkaline earth metals reside in the second group, containing two outer shell electrons and are also reactive.
- Transition metals comprise groups 3 to 12, showcasing a range of useful properties.
- Group 17 elements are referred to as halogens, meaning "salt formers."
- Group 18 consists of noble gases, known for being inert and unreactive due to their complete outer electron shells.
Special Periods
- The first period at the bottom of the periodic table is called the lanthanides.
- The second bottom period is known as the actinides.
Atomic Structure
- The positively charged particle in an atom's nucleus is a proton.
- The neutral particle in the nucleus is called a neutron.
- The negatively charged particle located outside the nucleus is an electron.
Groups and Reactivity
- Groups 1 and 2 contain highly active metals that are typically found in compounds rather than in pure form.
- Noble gases achieve stability with a complete set of electrons, adhering to the octet rule; having eight valence electrons prevents them from bonding.
- Radon is the noble gas with the most energy shells.
Element Comparisons
- Aluminum has more energy than Boron.
- Hydrogen is classified as a non-metal, despite its placement in group 1.
- The classification of elements like arsenic (Group 15, period 4) can be determined by their positions.
Neutrons and Atomic Mass
- The number of protons in the element located in Group 2, period 7 is associated with Radium.
- For Bromine, the atomic composition includes 35 protons, 35 electrons, and approximately 45 neutrons.
- The atomic number corresponds to the number of protons.
Valence Electrons
- Group number equals the number of valence electrons; for groups 13-18, subtract 1.
- Bromine has 7 valence electrons.
- Valence electrons are crucial for determining how elements bond.
Specific Element Details
- Silicon is categorized under the Carbon Family in period 3.
- Nitrogen is recognized as a Group 2 element with more protons than Carbon but fewer than Oxygen.
- Strontium lies in the alkaline earth metals, having a higher atomic number than Rubidium but fewer neutrons than Rhodium.
- Zinc has an atomic number greater than that of Copper but less than Gallium.
- Calcium is a Group 2 element with fewer protons than Bromine but more than Sulfur.
- Magnesium features three energy levels and two valence electrons.
- Boron holds three valence electrons and fewer protons than Magnesium.
- Helium is the smallest noble gas, while Radon has the most neutrons among noble gases.
- Hydrogen is the sole non-metal located on the left side of the zigzag line.
- Neon belongs to Group 18 and possesses two electron shells.
- Iodine, belonging to the halogen family, has five energy levels.
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Test your knowledge of the periodic table with these flashcards. Learn about the groups, periods, and classifications of elements. Perfect for students studying chemistry and wanting to strengthen their understanding of elemental properties.
