Periodic Table Concepts Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Where are the metalloids on the periodic table?

between metals and nonmetals

In each box of the periodic table, what does the atomic number at the top represent?

Number of protons

What are the metals found in the middle, lower part of the periodic table called?

Transition

Elements with their outermost electrons in the 'D' energy level are ____.

Transition Signup and view all the answers

Elements with their outermost electrons in the 'F' energy level are ____.

Inner Transition Signup and view all the answers

Why does the size of an atom of an element get smaller as you move across a period?

Electrons change energy levels throwing off electrons Signup and view all the answers

By looking at the visible emissions of electrically excited atoms, how can we tell the type of element present?

By the atom's spectra Signup and view all the answers

Where on the periodic table are the elements in the 'P' energy level found?

Right Signup and view all the answers

What are electrons in the outermost energy level called?

Valence e- Signup and view all the answers

The smallest complete unit of matter is:

An atom Signup and view all the answers

Who came up with the concept of the Periodic Table?

Mendeleev Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following elements is a liquid at just above room temperature?

Gallium Signup and view all the answers

In the chemical formula, H2O, what does the number 2 represent?

Two Hydrogen atoms Signup and view all the answers

There are no zeros in chemistry, so if you consider the formula for water, H2O how many oxygen atoms are present?

1 Signup and view all the answers

What are the gases, on the right of the periodic table, that do not react with anything called?

Noble gases Signup and view all the answers

Why don't Noble Gases react?

Their outer electron shell is full Signup and view all the answers

The number of electrons in an atom's outer shell is the number of ______ electrons it has.

Valence Signup and view all the answers

Where are periods on the Periodic Table?

The rows Signup and view all the answers

What are the groups on the Periodic Table?

The columns Signup and view all the answers

Atoms in the same ______ react the same way chemically so that if you know that the formula for Hydrochloric acid is HCl, you can predict that the formula for Hydrofluoric Acid will be HF.

group Signup and view all the answers

Each period on the Periodic Table represents ______.

An electron shield Signup and view all the answers

Two atoms of carbon with different atomic masses are said to be different ______.

Isotopes Signup and view all the answers

What is the common name for the mineral and ionic compound NaCl?

Table salt Signup and view all the answers

Atoms will continue to react until their ______ electron shell is full.

Outer Signup and view all the answers

What is the symbol for an electron?

e- Signup and view all the answers

The center of an atom is where most of the mass is, what is this area called?

Nucleus Signup and view all the answers

What two particles are in the center of an atom?

Protons and Neutrons Signup and view all the answers

Typically, what can be said about the number of protons and electrons in an atom?

They are equal Signup and view all the answers

What do the letters, usually one or two, in each box on the periodic table represent?

Atomic symbol Signup and view all the answers

What is the number at the bottom of each box on the periodic table?

Atomic Mass Signup and view all the answers

What is the only part of an atom to bond to other atoms?

Electrons Signup and view all the answers

What is the following statement? 'When elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic number, there is a periodic repetition of their physical and chemical properties.'

Periodic Law Signup and view all the answers

What is the magic number?

8 Signup and view all the answers

Where are metals found on the periodic table?

Left Signup and view all the answers

Where are the protons located?

Top # above the symbol Signup and view all the answers

How to find the amount of neutrons?

subtract atomic mass - atomic # Signup and view all the answers

Why does the atomic radius of elements vary as you go from left to right on the periodic table?

Thus, the outermost electron in a given group will be found farther from the nucleus as the number of filled energy shells increases... Thus, atomic radii will increase. Signup and view all the answers

Why are atoms made up of mostly empty space?

Atoms are mostly empty space because there is a lot of space between an atom's nucleus and its electrons. Signup and view all the answers

How to do the chemical formula

<ol> <li>Write the symbols 2. Write the charges 3. Cross over charges from top to bottom= X method 4. Remove the charge 5. Remove any 1's if there is any</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

Drawing an atom

<ol> <li>List the Amount of: Protons, Electrons, & Neutrons (Mass-#) 2. Make the nucleus & label with p and n # on inside 3. Amount of rings = period/row # counting down 4. Label electrons, only 2 can fit on innermost ring... 2 on each side</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Metalloids and Element Groups

Metalloids are located between metals and nonmetals on the periodic table.
Transition metals are found in the middle and lower part of the periodic table and have their outer electrons in the "D" energy level.
Inner transition elements possess their outermost electrons in the "F" energy level.
Noble gases, located on the right, are chemically inert due to full outer electron shells.

Atomic Structure and Properties

The atomic number at the top of each box indicates the number of protons in an atom.
Atoms consist mainly of empty space, with a dense nucleus made of protons and neutrons at the center.
The outermost electrons are referred to as valence electrons, influencing chemical reactivity.
The atomic mass is located at the bottom of each box on the periodic table.

Chemical Formula and Reactions

In the chemical formula H2O, the "2" signifies two hydrogen atoms, while oxygen is one.
Chemical reactivity ceases when an atom's outer electron shell is full.
Atoms react until their outer electron shell is full, following the "Magic Number" concept, which is 8.
To determine the number of neutrons, subtract the atomic number from the atomic mass.

Periodic Trends

Atomic size decreases across a period due to increased nuclear charge affecting electrons.
The number of filled energy shells affects atomic radius; more shells generally mean a larger radius.
Periods represent rows on the periodic table, indicating energy levels of electrons, while groups are columns that show similar chemical properties.

Key Concepts

Isotopes are atoms of the same element with differing atomic masses.
The periodic law states that elements arranged by increasing atomic number display periodic repetitions of properties.
Bonds between atoms occur through the interaction of electrons, the only part of an atom that can chemically bond.
Gallium is a unique element that exists as a liquid just above room temperature.

Drawing and Representing Atoms

When drawing an atom, list protons, neutrons, and electrons; label the nucleus with p and n counts.
Each energy level can hold the maximum of 2 electrons in the innermost ring, with additional electrons distributed among outer rings.
The method for writing chemical formulas involves symbol notation and charge balancing to determine the correct ratios of elements.

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Description

Test your knowledge of the periodic table with this engaging quiz! It covers important concepts such as the position of metalloids, the significance of atomic numbers, and the classification of metals. Perfect for chemistry students looking to reinforce their understanding of elemental properties.