Periapical Periodontitis: Causes and Clinical Findings

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What is the primary cause of periapical periodontitis?

High filling or biting on a hard object

Abscess formation

Widening of the periodontal ligament space

Death of the pulp due to pulpitis (correct)

What is a common symptom of acute periapical periodontitis?

Intense throbbing pain (correct)

Facial asymmetry

Gingival bleeding

Tooth hypersensitivity to heat

Radiographically, what is a characteristic of acute periapical periodontitis?

Root canal calcification

Bone resorption

Widening of the periodontal ligament space (correct)

Loss of lamina dura

What is the pathology of acute periapical periodontitis?

Acute inflammation Signup and view all the answers

When is a tooth responsive to vitality tests in a patient with acute periapical periodontitis?

If the pulpal necrosis is limited to a single canal in a multi-rooted tooth Signup and view all the answers

What is a rare complication of acute periapical periodontitis?

Osteomyelitis Signup and view all the answers

What is the radiographic appearance of the border of focal sclerosing osteitis?

No distinct border Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common outcome of treating focal sclerosing osteitis with RCT or tooth extraction?

Resolution of symptoms in 85% of cases Signup and view all the answers

What is the key radiographic feature of periapical granulomas?

Apical radiolucency Signup and view all the answers

What is the histological appearance of periapical granulomas?

Bone replacement with inflamed soft tissue Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of granulation tissue in periapical granulomas?

Loose and oedematous with many new blood vessels Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which a periapical granuloma can lead to a radicular cyst?

Epithelial proliferation in cells of Malassez Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of endodontic treatment in managing acute periapical periodontitis?

To remove the infected pulp and prevent further infection Signup and view all the answers

What is the common sequela of chronic periapical periodontitis?

Periapical granuloma Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic radiographic feature of chronic periapical periodontitis?

A radiolucency Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between acute and chronic periapical periodontitis?

The duration of the infection Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of open drainage through skin or mouth in managing acute periapical periodontitis?

To relieve symptoms of pain and swelling Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic feature of a periapical granuloma?

Granulation tissue Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between a periapical granuloma and a radicular cyst?

Presence of epithelial lining Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of radicular cyst enucleation in treating chronic periapical periodontitis?

To remove the cystic lesion Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic feature of focal sclerosing osteitis?

Localised uniform bone sclerosis Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of periapical granuloma development?

Defensive reaction to bacteria Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome of acute inflammation when there is substantial tissue destruction and in non-regenerating tissues?

Healing by connective tissue replacement (fibrosis) occurs Signup and view all the answers

What type of cells are involved in chronic inflammation?

Lymphocytes, plasma cells, and macrophages Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of pulpitis?

Microbial, thermal, and chemical factors Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome of pulpitis?

Pulp necrosis with periapical periodontitis Signup and view all the answers

What is the cause of an increase in pulpal pressure?

Oedema Signup and view all the answers

What is the pulp chamber enclosed in?

Dental hard tissue Signup and view all the answers

What is a factor that influences the healing of the pulp?

Degree of infection Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cells is not typically found in acute inflammation in the pulp?

Lymphocytes Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of reversible pulpitis?

Hyperaemia and oedema Signup and view all the answers

What is the treatment for irreversible pulpitis?

Tooth extraction or root canal treatment Signup and view all the answers

What is a feature of chronic hyperplastic pulpitis?

Hyperplastic granulation tissue Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between open and closed pulpitis?

Open pulpitis is associated with open apices, while closed pulpitis is not Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of the granulation tissue in pulpal polyp?

It is loose and oedematous Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between reversible and irreversible pulpitis?

Reversible pulpitis is treated with removal of the local irritant, while irreversible pulpitis is treated with tooth extraction or root canal treatment Signup and view all the answers

What is a symptom of pulpitis?

Pain that is poorly localized and can be felt in the upper or lower jaw Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between local and systemic factors influencing the healing of the pulp?

Local factors are related to the tooth, while systemic factors are related to the overall health of the patient Signup and view all the answers