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Questions and Answers
What is the primary cause of pulpitis?
What is the primary cause of pulpitis?
- Bacterial invasion (correct)
- Excessive dental cleaning
- Oral hygiene neglect
- Fluoride treatment
Which statement is true regarding acute pulpitis?
Which statement is true regarding acute pulpitis?
- It always progresses to pulp death.
- It may cause spontaneous pain during sleep. (correct)
- It is painless and does not affect the tooth.
- Patients never experience sensitivity to temperature.
What condition may develop from chronic pulpitis?
What condition may develop from chronic pulpitis?
- Root canal infection
- Dental caries
- Periapical periodontitis (correct)
- Tooth enamel erosion
Which of the following is NOT a cause of pulpitis?
Which of the following is NOT a cause of pulpitis?
Chronic pulpitis may cause which of the following symptoms?
Chronic pulpitis may cause which of the following symptoms?
What occurs histologically in acute closed pulpitis?
What occurs histologically in acute closed pulpitis?
What might cause a patient with pulpitis to experience stabbing pain?
What might cause a patient with pulpitis to experience stabbing pain?
How can early treatment influence acute pulpitis?
How can early treatment influence acute pulpitis?
What symptom commonly indicates apical periodontitis?
What symptom commonly indicates apical periodontitis?
Which is a key feature of a dentoalveolar abscess?
Which is a key feature of a dentoalveolar abscess?
Which of the following treatments is recommended for apical periodontitis?
Which of the following treatments is recommended for apical periodontitis?
What method is used for assessing pulp vitality?
What method is used for assessing pulp vitality?
Which factor is NOT a common cause of a dentoalveolar abscess?
Which factor is NOT a common cause of a dentoalveolar abscess?
Which clinical feature indicates that a periapical abscess is progressing?
Which clinical feature indicates that a periapical abscess is progressing?
What radiographic feature is typically seen in periapical abscesses?
What radiographic feature is typically seen in periapical abscesses?
In terms of clinical presentation, symptomatic periapical abscesses are characterized by which of the following?
In terms of clinical presentation, symptomatic periapical abscesses are characterized by which of the following?
What primarily characterizes chronic closed pulpitis?
What primarily characterizes chronic closed pulpitis?
Which statement correctly describes chronic hyperplastic pulpitis?
Which statement correctly describes chronic hyperplastic pulpitis?
What is a common symptom of pulpitis?
What is a common symptom of pulpitis?
What is the recommended management for pulp capping?
What is the recommended management for pulp capping?
Which of the following best describes apical periodontitis?
Which of the following best describes apical periodontitis?
Which feature is NOT associated with acute apical periodontitis?
Which feature is NOT associated with acute apical periodontitis?
What might you observe on radiographs for a tooth with acute apical periodontitis?
What might you observe on radiographs for a tooth with acute apical periodontitis?
How does the tooth typically respond to touch in cases of acute apical periodontitis?
How does the tooth typically respond to touch in cases of acute apical periodontitis?
What type of bacteria predominantly causes the polymicrobial infection mentioned?
What type of bacteria predominantly causes the polymicrobial infection mentioned?
Which of the following is a common complication if an abscess cannot drain?
Which of the following is a common complication if an abscess cannot drain?
What is a symptom of the infection described?
What is a symptom of the infection described?
What is the primary cause of apical granuloma formation?
What is the primary cause of apical granuloma formation?
What management strategy involves cutting into the tissue to allow drainage?
What management strategy involves cutting into the tissue to allow drainage?
What is typically seen histopathologically in a periapical granuloma?
What is typically seen histopathologically in a periapical granuloma?
Which treatment is often used to alleviate pain caused by the infection?
Which treatment is often used to alleviate pain caused by the infection?
What leads to the chronic inflammation in apical granuloma formation?
What leads to the chronic inflammation in apical granuloma formation?
What is the hallmark feature of an apical granuloma?
What is the hallmark feature of an apical granuloma?
What is a common clinical manifestation of a periapical granuloma?
What is a common clinical manifestation of a periapical granuloma?
Which of the following treatments is indicated for a granuloma that flares up due to increased bacterial load?
Which of the following treatments is indicated for a granuloma that flares up due to increased bacterial load?
What radiographic feature is commonly associated with apical cysts?
What radiographic feature is commonly associated with apical cysts?
Which condition can lead to the development of an apical cyst?
Which condition can lead to the development of an apical cyst?
Which type of cyst is the most common inflammatory odontogenic cyst associated with non-vital teeth?
Which type of cyst is the most common inflammatory odontogenic cyst associated with non-vital teeth?
What characteristic differentiates lateral cysts from other types of cysts?
What characteristic differentiates lateral cysts from other types of cysts?
What finding is not typically observed in teeth affected by periapical granulomas?
What finding is not typically observed in teeth affected by periapical granulomas?
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Study Notes
Pulpitis
- Pulpitis is inflammation of tooth pulp due to bacterial invasion, leading to swelling and pain.
- Causes include dental caries, traumatic pulp exposure, crown or cusp fractures, cracked teeth, and thermal or chemical irritation.
- Acute pulpitis presents with sharp sensitivity to temperature changes, evolving into persistent pain.
- Chronic pulpitis may occur with or without episodes of acute conditions; pain can be dull, and pulp necrosis may happen without significant symptoms.
Types of Pulpitis
- Acute Pulpitis: Initial hypersensitivity to hot/cold; pain worsens with inflammation and can become spontaneous.
- Chronic Pulpitis: Characterized by prolonged remissions and possible pulp death, leading to periapical periodontitis.
Pathology of Pulpitis
- Caused by caries, infiltration of acidic bacterial products, and the progression of inflammation.
- Histological features include hyperemia, inflammatory cell infiltration, and potential abscess formation.
Symptoms of Pulpitis
- Severe tooth pain and increased sensitivity; tooth may be painful under pressure and tapping.
- Presence of an abscess can lead to extreme sensitivity.
Management of Pulpitis
- Stabilization of fractures, removal of caries, pulp capping, pulpotomy (in children's teeth), endodontic treatment, or extraction.
- Analgesics generally provide little relief.
Apical Periodontitis
- Local inflammation of periapical tissues due to pulp disease, resulting from dental caries or trauma.
- Symptoms include pain, tenderness, and possible tooth discolored from pulp necrosis.
- Diagnosis includes clinical examination, radiographic assessment, and pulp vitality testing.
Treatment Options for Apical Periodontitis
- Non-surgical root canal therapy, apicoectomy, periapical curettage, and appropriate antibiotics if necessary.
Dentoalveolar Abscess
- An acute lesion characterized by pus localization at the apex of a non-vital tooth.
- Common causes include acute apical periodontitis, deep caries, trauma, or failed dental procedures.
Clinical and Radiographic Features of Dentoalveolar Abscess
- Symptoms range from tenderness to pressure sensitivity, intense pain, swelling, and malaise.
- Radiographically, may show thickening of the apical periodontal ligament and ill-defined radiolucency.
Management of Dentoalveolar Abscess
- Incision and drainage of the abscess, root canal treatment, extraction if necessary, and antibiotics for infection control.
Apical Granuloma
- A localized mass of chronic granulation tissue at the root apex of a non-vital tooth, often due to chronic periapical periodontitis.
- Forms following pulp necrosis and persistent inflammation due to bacteria and necrotic tissue.
Diagnosis and Treatment of Apical Granuloma
- Typically asymptomatic, may flare up with acute exacerbations, diagnosed via radiology showing radiolucent areas around the root.
- Treatment options include root canal therapy, antibiotics, apicoectomy, or extraction.
Apical Cysts (Radicular Cysts)
- Epithelial-lined cysts originating from a non-vital tooth, often resulting from dental granulomas or untreated infections.
- Divided into apical, lateral, and residual cysts based on their anatomical location relative to the tooth root.
Types of Apical Cysts
- Apical Cyst: Most common type associated with non-vital teeth.
- Lateral Cyst: Radiolucencies found along the lateral aspect of the root.
- Residual Cyst: A cyst left after the extraction of the original tooth, appearing as a rounded radiolucency.
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