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PERFUSION IS THE FORCING OF BLOOD OR OTHER FLUID TO FLOW THROUGH A VESSEL AND INTO THE VASCULAR BED OF TISSUE TO PROVIDE OXYGEN
PERFUSION IS THE FORCING OF BLOOD OR OTHER FLUID TO FLOW THROUGH A VESSEL AND INTO THE VASCULAR BED OF TISSUE TO PROVIDE OXYGEN
True (A)
Pulmonary Circulation is circulation through lungs provides ability to transfer oxygen from atmosphere into body.
Systemic circulation is Blood flow to heart muscle supports heart’s work in pumping oxygenated blood to body
Coronary circulation is when Oxygen and nutrients are distributed to body
Pulmonary Circulation is circulation through lungs provides ability to transfer oxygen from atmosphere into body. Systemic circulation is Blood flow to heart muscle supports heart’s work in pumping oxygenated blood to body Coronary circulation is when Oxygen and nutrients are distributed to body
True (A)
What is the outer covering of the heart?
What is the outer covering of the heart?
- Endocardium
- Myocardium
- Pericardium (correct)
- Epicardium
Which of the following is the thick muscular layer of the heart?
Which of the following is the thick muscular layer of the heart?
What is the inner lining of the heart?
What is the inner lining of the heart?
How many atria are present in the heart?
How many atria are present in the heart?
What is the number of ventricles present in the heart?
What is the number of ventricles present in the heart?
What is the route of blood flow from the lungs to the heart?
What is the route of blood flow from the lungs to the heart?
Which valve separates the right atrium and right ventricle?
Which valve separates the right atrium and right ventricle?
What is the term for the relaxation phase of the heartbeat?
What is the term for the relaxation phase of the heartbeat?
What is the function of the pulmonary artery?
What is the function of the pulmonary artery?
What is the route of blood flow from the trunk and legs to the heart?
What is the route of blood flow from the trunk and legs to the heart?
Systole: contraction
Diastole: relaxation
Systole: contraction Diastole: relaxation
Arteries carry blood AWAY from the heart and veins carry blood to the heart. The right side of the heart pumps deoxygenated blood and the left side pumps oxygenated.
Arteries carry blood AWAY from the heart and veins carry blood to the heart. The right side of the heart pumps deoxygenated blood and the left side pumps oxygenated.
What occurs during the P wave in the cardiac cycle?
What occurs during the P wave in the cardiac cycle?
What is the process represented by the T wave in the ECG?
What is the process represented by the T wave in the ECG?
What happens during the QRS interval in the cardiac cycle?
What happens during the QRS interval in the cardiac cycle?
What is the process represented by the U wave in the ECG?
What is the process represented by the U wave in the ECG?
What is the gap between the P wave and the QRS complex known as?
What is the gap between the P wave and the QRS complex known as?
What is the process represented by the QRS complex in the ECG?
What is the process represented by the QRS complex in the ECG?
What is the state of the ventricles during the T wave?
What is the state of the ventricles during the T wave?
What is the process represented by the P wave in the ECG?
What is the process represented by the P wave in the ECG?
What is the difference between ventricular depolarization and ventricular repolarization?
What is the difference between ventricular depolarization and ventricular repolarization?
What is the relationship between the QRS complex and T wave in the ECG?
What is the relationship between the QRS complex and T wave in the ECG?
What happens to the flow of sodium and calcium during the repolarization phase in cardiac myocytes?
What happens to the flow of sodium and calcium during the repolarization phase in cardiac myocytes?
What is the primary effect of stopping sodium and calcium flow during the repolarization phase?
What is the primary effect of stopping sodium and calcium flow during the repolarization phase?
What would happen if cardiac myocytes continued to allow sodium and calcium flow during the repolarization phase?
What would happen if cardiac myocytes continued to allow sodium and calcium flow during the repolarization phase?
Why is it important for cardiac myocytes to stop allowing sodium and calcium flow during the repolarization phase?
Why is it important for cardiac myocytes to stop allowing sodium and calcium flow during the repolarization phase?
What would be the outcome if the repolarization phase was disrupted and cardiac myocytes continued to allow sodium and calcium flow?
What would be the outcome if the repolarization phase was disrupted and cardiac myocytes continued to allow sodium and calcium flow?
What happens during depolarization in cardiac myocytes?
What happens during depolarization in cardiac myocytes?
What is the purpose of the influx of positively charged ions in cardiac myocytes?
What is the purpose of the influx of positively charged ions in cardiac myocytes?
What type of ions flow into the cardiac myocyte during depolarization?
What type of ions flow into the cardiac myocyte during depolarization?
What is the result of the opening of sodium channels in cardiac myocytes?
What is the result of the opening of sodium channels in cardiac myocytes?
Why is the controlled flow of ions important in cardiac myocytes?
Why is the controlled flow of ions important in cardiac myocytes?
What is the formula to calculate cardiac output?
What is the formula to calculate cardiac output?
What is the unit of measurement for stroke volume?
What is the unit of measurement for stroke volume?
What is the term for the volume of blood pumped out of the left ventricle during each systolic cardiac contraction?
What is the term for the volume of blood pumped out of the left ventricle during each systolic cardiac contraction?
What factor affects cardiac output besides heart rate and stroke volume?
What factor affects cardiac output besides heart rate and stroke volume?
What is the normal range of heart rate in humans?
What is the normal range of heart rate in humans?
What is the relationship between preload and stroke volume?
What is the relationship between preload and stroke volume?
What is the primary purpose of the Frank-Starling mechanism?
What is the primary purpose of the Frank-Starling mechanism?
What is the formula used to calculate cardiac output?
What is the formula used to calculate cardiac output?
What is the main factor that determines the resting heart rate and heart rate during exercise or stress?
What is the main factor that determines the resting heart rate and heart rate during exercise or stress?
What are the mechanisms that regulate blood pressure?
What are the mechanisms that regulate blood pressure?
Where are baroreceptors and chemoreceptors located?
Where are baroreceptors and chemoreceptors located?
What is the role of the kidneys in blood pressure regulation?
What is the role of the kidneys in blood pressure regulation?
What is the result of the stimulation of beta 1 receptors in the heart?
What is the result of the stimulation of beta 1 receptors in the heart?
What is the role of the baroreceptors in the regulation of cardiac output?
What is the role of the baroreceptors in the regulation of cardiac output?
What is the outcome of the brainstem acting on the sympathetic nervous system in response to baroreceptors sensing pressure changes?
What is the outcome of the brainstem acting on the sympathetic nervous system in response to baroreceptors sensing pressure changes?
What is the pathway by which baroreceptors regulate cardiac output?
What is the pathway by which baroreceptors regulate cardiac output?
What do chemoreceptors in the aorta and carotid arteries detect to regulate blood pressure?
What do chemoreceptors in the aorta and carotid arteries detect to regulate blood pressure?
What is the primary response of the body to changes in oxygen, carbon dioxide, and pH levels detected by chemoreceptors?
What is the primary response of the body to changes in oxygen, carbon dioxide, and pH levels detected by chemoreceptors?
What is the ultimate goal of the body's response to changes in oxygen, carbon dioxide, and pH levels detected by chemoreceptors?
What is the ultimate goal of the body's response to changes in oxygen, carbon dioxide, and pH levels detected by chemoreceptors?
What is the relationship between ventilation and oxygenation of vital organs?
What is the relationship between ventilation and oxygenation of vital organs?
What is the effect of blocking alpha 1 receptors in blood vessels on cardiac output?
What is the effect of blocking alpha 1 receptors in blood vessels on cardiac output?
What is the primary mechanism by which blocking alpha 1 receptors in blood vessels reduces cardiac output?
What is the primary mechanism by which blocking alpha 1 receptors in blood vessels reduces cardiac output?
Why are alpha 1 receptors in blood vessels a major target for pharmacological treatment of hypertension?
Why are alpha 1 receptors in blood vessels a major target for pharmacological treatment of hypertension?
What is the role of angiotensin 2 in the body?
What is the role of angiotensin 2 in the body?
What is the source of renin in the body?
What is the source of renin in the body?
What is the function of renin in the body?
What is the function of renin in the body?
What is the effect of angiotensin 2 on blood vessels?
What is the effect of angiotensin 2 on blood vessels?
What happens when the kidneys retain more salt and water?
What happens when the kidneys retain more salt and water?
What is the relationship between aldosterone and cardiac output?
What is the relationship between aldosterone and cardiac output?
In which type of veins does venous stasis occur?
In which type of veins does venous stasis occur?
What is the result of venous stasis in the body?
What is the result of venous stasis in the body?
What is the primary factor contributing to venous stasis?
What is the primary factor contributing to venous stasis?
What is the term used to describe high blood pressure that is caused by another underlying condition?
What is the term used to describe high blood pressure that is caused by another underlying condition?
What is the term used to describe high blood pressure where only the systolic blood pressure is elevated?
What is the term used to describe high blood pressure where only the systolic blood pressure is elevated?
What is the percentage of individuals with hypertension who have primary hypertension?
What is the percentage of individuals with hypertension who have primary hypertension?
What is the term used to describe high blood pressure where both the systolic and diastolic blood pressures are elevated?
What is the term used to describe high blood pressure where both the systolic and diastolic blood pressures are elevated?
What is the term used to describe high blood pressure where only the diastolic blood pressure is elevated?
What is the term used to describe high blood pressure where only the diastolic blood pressure is elevated?
What is the definition of hypertension according to the American Heart Association?
What is the definition of hypertension according to the American Heart Association?
What is the significance of a systolic pressure above 130 mm Hg or a diastolic pressure above 80 mm Hg?
What is the significance of a systolic pressure above 130 mm Hg or a diastolic pressure above 80 mm Hg?
What is the primary indicator of hypertension according to the American Heart Association?
What is the primary indicator of hypertension according to the American Heart Association?
Which type of shock is caused by severe infection?
Which type of shock is caused by severe infection?
What is the term used to describe a shock caused by a massive systemic vasodilation from a brain or spinal cord injury?
What is the term used to describe a shock caused by a massive systemic vasodilation from a brain or spinal cord injury?
A patient is experiencing an allergic reaction and their blood pressure is dropping rapidly. What type of shock is this patient likely experiencing?
A patient is experiencing an allergic reaction and their blood pressure is dropping rapidly. What type of shock is this patient likely experiencing?
What is the common underlying factor among cardiogenic shock, hypovolemic shock, and septic shock?
What is the common underlying factor among cardiogenic shock, hypovolemic shock, and septic shock?
What is shock often equated with?
What is shock often equated with?
What is perfusion?
What is perfusion?
What is a late sign of ineffective compensation in shock?
What is a late sign of ineffective compensation in shock?
What is the primary effect of shock on the body?
What is the primary effect of shock on the body?
What is the relationship between shock and circulation?
What is the relationship between shock and circulation?
What type of medication is used to treat septic shock?
What type of medication is used to treat septic shock?
What is the purpose of blood transfusions in shock treatment?
What is the purpose of blood transfusions in shock treatment?
What type of shock is often treated with medications, heart surgery, or other interventions?
What type of shock is often treated with medications, heart surgery, or other interventions?
What type of medication is used to treat anaphylactic shock?
What type of medication is used to treat anaphylactic shock?
What type of shock is often treated with antibiotics?
What type of shock is often treated with antibiotics?
In right-sided heart failure, what is a common symptom due to impaired liver perfusion?
In right-sided heart failure, what is a common symptom due to impaired liver perfusion?
In left-sided heart failure, what is a common sign of decreased tissue perfusion?
In left-sided heart failure, what is a common sign of decreased tissue perfusion?
What is a common symptom of right-sided heart failure due to congestion of the peripheral tissues?
What is a common symptom of right-sided heart failure due to congestion of the peripheral tissues?
What is a common sign of left-sided heart failure due to impaired gas exchange?
What is a common sign of left-sided heart failure due to impaired gas exchange?
In right-sided heart failure, what is a common symptom due to impaired GI tract perfusion?
In right-sided heart failure, what is a common symptom due to impaired GI tract perfusion?
