Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the dosing of Perforomist?
What is the dosing of Perforomist?
- 20mcg/2mL, twice daily (correct)
- 30mcg/3mL, once daily
- 5mcg/1mL, three times daily
- 10mcg/1mL, twice daily
What is the active ingredient in Spiriva?
What is the active ingredient in Spiriva?
Tiotropium
What is formoterol fumarate used for?
What is formoterol fumarate used for?
Bronchodilator
Which medications are administered via nebulizer?
Which medications are administered via nebulizer?
What is the indication for Symbicort, Budesonide-formoterol?
What is the indication for Symbicort, Budesonide-formoterol?
What are the components of DuoNeb?
What are the components of DuoNeb?
What is a combination product indicated for treatment of COPD?
What is a combination product indicated for treatment of COPD?
What is a nebulizer?
What is a nebulizer?
What should be considered when prescribing inhaled therapy according to GOLD?
What should be considered when prescribing inhaled therapy according to GOLD?
What is the delivery mechanism of dry powder inhalers like Spiriva and Advair?
What is the delivery mechanism of dry powder inhalers like Spiriva and Advair?
Spacers are devices fitted to which delivery device?
Spacers are devices fitted to which delivery device?
Which medications are indicated for treatment of COPD via nebulizer?
Which medications are indicated for treatment of COPD via nebulizer?
What are the three main classes of bronchodilators?
What are the three main classes of bronchodilators?
What is a bronchodilator?
What is a bronchodilator?
What does SABA stand for?
What does SABA stand for?
What do LABAs provide?
What do LABAs provide?
Why have methylxanthines reduced in usage to treat COPD?
Why have methylxanthines reduced in usage to treat COPD?
What is the role of corticosteroids in treating severe COPD?
What is the role of corticosteroids in treating severe COPD?
What are PDE-4 inhibitors like Daliresp indicated for?
What are PDE-4 inhibitors like Daliresp indicated for?
Under which parts of Medicare is Perforomist billed?
Under which parts of Medicare is Perforomist billed?
What are the effects of systemic corticosteroids?
What are the effects of systemic corticosteroids?
What FEV1/FVC ratio confirms persistent airflow limitation in COPD?
What FEV1/FVC ratio confirms persistent airflow limitation in COPD?
What percentage of patients achieved a 15% increase from baseline in FEV1 in a 12-week pivotal trial?
What percentage of patients achieved a 15% increase from baseline in FEV1 in a 12-week pivotal trial?
What are common comorbidities of COPD?
What are common comorbidities of COPD?
What is central to symptom management in COPD?
What is central to symptom management in COPD?
What is the most important thing a patient can do to slow the progression of COPD?
What is the most important thing a patient can do to slow the progression of COPD?
What are the components of COPD?
What are the components of COPD?
What are characteristic symptoms of COPD?
What are characteristic symptoms of COPD?
How many mL are in each vial of Perforomist?
How many mL are in each vial of Perforomist?
What percent of albuterol use was reduced in a 12-week clinical trial?
What percent of albuterol use was reduced in a 12-week clinical trial?
Nelson's 12-week trial showed no significant increases in all cardiac markers.
Nelson's 12-week trial showed no significant increases in all cardiac markers.
What is the most common risk factor for COPD?
What is the most common risk factor for COPD?
What is the most common cause of COPD exacerbation?
What is the most common cause of COPD exacerbation?
How many breaths does an average adult take in one minute?
How many breaths does an average adult take in one minute?
What marks the start of the lower respiratory system?
What marks the start of the lower respiratory system?
All LABAs are contraindicated for use in patients with asthma without which medication?
All LABAs are contraindicated for use in patients with asthma without which medication?
What does spirometry measure?
What does spirometry measure?
How many hours of long-term O2 therapy per day can reverse hypoxemia in COPD patients?
How many hours of long-term O2 therapy per day can reverse hypoxemia in COPD patients?
What is the unrefrigerated shelf life of Perforomist?
What is the unrefrigerated shelf life of Perforomist?
What is pulmonary rehabilitation?
What is pulmonary rehabilitation?
What might explain the disparity between FEV1 and exercise tolerance in patients?
What might explain the disparity between FEV1 and exercise tolerance in patients?
What does FEV1 stand for?
What does FEV1 stand for?
What is dyspnea?
What is dyspnea?
What is the half-life of Perforomist?
What is the half-life of Perforomist?
What causes increased airway resistance in COPD and asthma?
What causes increased airway resistance in COPD and asthma?
What are beta2 adrenergic receptors involved in?
What are beta2 adrenergic receptors involved in?
Perforomist should only be administered via which device?
Perforomist should only be administered via which device?
What is the purpose of lung volume reduction surgery?
What is the purpose of lung volume reduction surgery?
Some patients with chronic asthma can be distinguished from COPD with current testing.
Some patients with chronic asthma can be distinguished from COPD with current testing.
Study Notes
Dosing and Administration
- Perforomist dosing is 20 mcg in 2 mL, administered twice daily.
- Nebulizer treatments include Brovana and DuoNeb, which are effective for respiratory conditions.
- Perforomist and DuoNeb are nebulizer medications indicated for COPD treatment.
Key Medications and Ingredients
- Spiriva contains Tiotropium as its active ingredient.
- Formoterol fumarate is a bronchodilator used in managing respiratory conditions.
- DuoNeb combines Albuterol sulfate and Ipratropium Bromide for treatment.
- Breo Ellipta is a combination product specifically indicated for COPD management.
- Symbicort is used for asthma and as a maintenance treatment for COPD airflow obstruction.
Mechanisms and Effects
- Bronchodilators, including SABA and LABA, help expand lung air passages; SABA serves as a rescue medication, while LABAs provide up to 12 hours of bronchodilation for maintenance.
- Methylxanthines have fallen out of favor due to side effects and low efficacy for COPD treatment.
- Corticosteroids effectively reduce exacerbations in severe COPD.
- PDE-4 inhibitors like Daliresp are used to manage severe COPD and its exacerbations.
Patient Considerations
- Prescribing inhaled therapy should consider patient ability, cost, convenience, and preferences according to GOLD guidelines.
- Spacers can enhance delivery with Meter Dose Inhalers (MDIs).
- Smoking cessation remains the most crucial action to slow COPD progression and alleviate symptoms.
Diagnostic and Treatment Guidelines
- Spirometry is a key diagnostic tool for COPD, measuring FEV1/FVC ratio, with a ratio of 70% indicating persistent airflow limitation.
- A pivotal trial showed that 78% of patients achieved a 15% increase in FEV1 after the first dose throughout a 12-week study.
COPD Characteristics and Comorbidities
- Characteristic symptoms include dyspnea, chronic cough, and sputum production; hyperinflation may explain discrepancies between FEV1 results and exercise tolerance.
- Common comorbidities include cardiovascular disease, muscle dysfunction, metabolic syndrome, depression, osteoporosis, and lung cancer.
Important Metrics and Data
- An average adult takes about 12 breaths per minute; long-term oxygen therapy for at least 15 hours can improve life expectancy in COPD patients.
- Unrefrigerated shelf life for Perforomist is 12 weeks, and its half-life spans 7 hours.
Additional Considerations
- Increased airway resistance in COPD and asthma results from airway obstruction or collapse.
- Beta2 adrenergic receptors play a crucial role in bronchodilation.
- Some patients with chronic asthma may present similar symptoms to COPD, complicating accurate distinction with current testing.
- Patients reduced albuterol use by 1.25 puffs or 42% during a 12-week clinical trial.
Therapeutic Techniques and Education
- Pulmonary rehabilitation significantly improves respiratory symptoms, exercise capacity, and overall quality of life in COPD patients.
- Perforomist must be delivered via a standard jet nebulizer for effective treatment.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the dosing and active ingredients related to Perforomist and other bronchodilators. This quiz includes key definitions and relevant medications used in respiratory treatment. Perfect for healthcare professionals or students studying respiratory pharmacology.
