Perforomist Flashcards

Dosing and Administration

• Perforomist dosing is 20 mcg in 2 mL, administered twice daily.
• Nebulizer treatments include Brovana and DuoNeb, which are effective for respiratory conditions.
• Perforomist and DuoNeb are nebulizer medications indicated for COPD treatment.

Key Medications and Ingredients

• Spiriva contains Tiotropium as its active ingredient.
• Formoterol fumarate is a bronchodilator used in managing respiratory conditions.
• DuoNeb combines Albuterol sulfate and Ipratropium Bromide for treatment.
• Breo Ellipta is a combination product specifically indicated for COPD management.
• Symbicort is used for asthma and as a maintenance treatment for COPD airflow obstruction.

Mechanisms and Effects

• Bronchodilators, including SABA and LABA, help expand lung air passages; SABA serves as a rescue medication, while LABAs provide up to 12 hours of bronchodilation for maintenance.
• Methylxanthines have fallen out of favor due to side effects and low efficacy for COPD treatment.
• Corticosteroids effectively reduce exacerbations in severe COPD.
• PDE-4 inhibitors like Daliresp are used to manage severe COPD and its exacerbations.

Patient Considerations

• Prescribing inhaled therapy should consider patient ability, cost, convenience, and preferences according to GOLD guidelines.
• Spacers can enhance delivery with Meter Dose Inhalers (MDIs).
• Smoking cessation remains the most crucial action to slow COPD progression and alleviate symptoms.

Diagnostic and Treatment Guidelines

• Spirometry is a key diagnostic tool for COPD, measuring FEV1/FVC ratio, with a ratio of 70% indicating persistent airflow limitation.
• A pivotal trial showed that 78% of patients achieved a 15% increase in FEV1 after the first dose throughout a 12-week study.

COPD Characteristics and Comorbidities

• Characteristic symptoms include dyspnea, chronic cough, and sputum production; hyperinflation may explain discrepancies between FEV1 results and exercise tolerance.
• Common comorbidities include cardiovascular disease, muscle dysfunction, metabolic syndrome, depression, osteoporosis, and lung cancer.

Important Metrics and Data

• An average adult takes about 12 breaths per minute; long-term oxygen therapy for at least 15 hours can improve life expectancy in COPD patients.
• Unrefrigerated shelf life for Perforomist is 12 weeks, and its half-life spans 7 hours.

Additional Considerations

• Increased airway resistance in COPD and asthma results from airway obstruction or collapse.
• Beta2 adrenergic receptors play a crucial role in bronchodilation.
• Some patients with chronic asthma may present similar symptoms to COPD, complicating accurate distinction with current testing.
• Patients reduced albuterol use by 1.25 puffs or 42% during a 12-week clinical trial.

Therapeutic Techniques and Education

• Pulmonary rehabilitation significantly improves respiratory symptoms, exercise capacity, and overall quality of life in COPD patients.
• Perforomist must be delivered via a standard jet nebulizer for effective treatment.