36 Questions
What percentage of a criminal investigator's time is spent gathering subjective information?
90%
Who is considered the founder of personal description as a means of identification in criminal investigations?
Alphonse Bertillon
What is the main purpose of obtaining a description of an offender from a victim/witness?
To identify the offender
Which type of witness holds more weight than an eyewitness or corroborative witness?
Independent or Third-Party Witness
Which of the following is NOT a personal description that an eyewitness may provide?
Criminal record
What is the purpose of criminal photograph albums (Rogue's Galleries) in witness descriptions?
To showcase photos of previously convicted criminals
What is the main difference between interviewing and interrogation?
The cooperation of the person being questioned
What should witnesses be advised about when identifying individuals in a line-up?
They are not obliged to identify anyone in the line-up and should take care not to identify the person who most resembles the suspect
What should the supervisor record on the SAP 329 form during the line-up process?
The time taken by the witness to point out the person in the lineup
What information should the supervisor's signed report contain?
The supervisor's service number, rank, and name
Which factor can drastically reduce the accuracy of eyewitness information?
Alcohol/drug intoxication
Which factor can lead to the creation of false memories in a witness?
Suggestion
Which identification technique is used when the police have a solid suspicion of the perpetrator but have not put the suspect in custody?
Photograph Identification
What should be done with the photographs used in a photograph identification process after each witness has viewed them?
They should be rearranged in the same order
Which of the following is NOT a purpose of an identification parade?
To determine the guilt or innocence of the suspect
Who is responsible for conducting an identification parade?
An impartial and uninvolved police officer
What is the minimum number of people, including the suspect, that should be present in an identification parade?
8
Who is allowed to be present during a closed identification parade?
Witnesses, suspect, line-up participants, supervisor, and suspect's legal representatives
Which method did Alphonse Bertillon use to develop the anthropometric method of identification?
Unique measurements
What is the main difference between an eyewitness and a corroborative witness?
An eyewitness personally saw the crime, while a corroborative witness can provide information about the circumstances surrounding the crime.
What is the purpose of obtaining a description of an offender from a victim/witness?
To gather subjective information
Which factor can lead to the creation of false memories in a witness?
Suggestion
What is the main effect of high stress levels on the accuracy of eyewitness information?
High stress levels drastically reduce the accuracy of eyewitness information
Which of the following is NOT a factor that influences an individual's perceptivity?
Mental health
What is the main purpose of informal identification in criminal investigations?
To accompany the victim/witness to the vicinity of the crime
According to R v Nara Sammy 1956, what should witnesses be advised about when identifying individuals in a line-up?
They are not obligated to identify anyone in the line-up
What should the supervisor record on the SAP 329 form during the line-up process?
Witness' reaction when they identify the person and the comments or reactions of the person being pointed out
What should the supervisor's signed report contain?
Parade was conducted by them, details on the SAP 329 are correct, SAP 329 is a fair and accurate description of the procedures
Which of the following is NOT a requirement for an identification parade to be admissible in court?
The suspect must choose their position in the line-up
Who is allowed to be present during a closed identification parade?
Witnesses, suspect, line-up participants, and supervisor
What should be done with the photographs used in a photograph identification process after each witness has viewed them?
They should be kept as evidence for future reference
Why are one-way vision glass windows not commonly used in South Africa for identification parades?
They are not available or in close proximity
Which of the following is NOT a step in the process of creating a composite picture of the face?
Overlaying features
What is the purpose of criminal photograph albums (Rogue’s Galleries)?
To provide photos of previously convicted criminals for the purpose of pointing out similar facial features
What is the main difference between interviewing and interrogation?
Interviewing is done with a cooperative person, while interrogation is done with a reluctant or hostile person
What is the purpose of a single-purpose interrogation technique?
To convince the interrogee that the only way out is to confess
Test your knowledge on the factors that influence human perceptivity and observation abilities. Explore topics such as eyesight, surrounding circumstances, exposure duration, and emotional conditions. Assess your understanding of how these factors can impact accuracy in describing events or identifying perpetrators.
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