Perception Lecture 3: Overview and Major Topics

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Questions and Answers

What is the main difference between sensation and perception?

Sensation and perception are interchangeable terms for the same process.

Sensation involves encoding energy from the environment, while perception involves interpreting sensory information. (correct)

Sensation and perception both involve interpreting sensory information, but in different ways.

Sensation is the process of interpreting sensory information, while perception involves receiving energy from the environment.

Where in the eye does light directly focused on land?

Fovea (correct)

Cones

Rods

Ganglion cells

What is the function of saccades in visual perception?

Rapid eye movements (correct)

Pauses between saccades

Gathering visual information

Analysis of visual stimulus

What is the primary role of the rods in vision?

They are abundant at the sides (periphery) of the fovea. Signup and view all the answers

What is the brief memory of visual information when the stimulus is no longer present known as?

Iconic Memory Signup and view all the answers

Who used a plaster of Paris cup on the cornea with cocaine to record eye movements?

Huey Signup and view all the answers

What is used in modern eye-tracking methods by locking onto infrared 'sinks'?

Infrared cameras Signup and view all the answers

Who presented a grid of letters in a tachistoscopic study, showing better recall with cued conditions?

Sperling Signup and view all the answers

'Pandemonium' is a model for pattern recognition that uses which type of processing?

Bottom-up and top-down processing Signup and view all the answers

What refers to a later visual stimulus affecting perception of an earlier one?

Backward masking Signup and view all the answers

What preserves auditory stimuli for a short time?

Echoic memory Signup and view all the answers

What does redirected attention persistence refer to?

The influence of attention on memory duration Signup and view all the answers

Which study showed a span of apprehension and partial report accuracy?

Sperling's Experiment Signup and view all the answers

What allows the brain to use higher level knowledge to interpret ambiguous stimuli?

Conceptually driven processing Signup and view all the answers

What is the technique used to study auditory sensory memory?

Darwin, Turvey, and Crowder, 1972 Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

The eye takes in visual information during fixations.
Measuring eye movements: Huey (1908) used a plaster of Paris cup on the cornea with cocaine to record eye movements.
Infrared cameras are used in modern eye-tracking methods by locking onto infrared "sinks," particularly the pupil.
Visual sensory memory, also known as Iconic Memory, is the brief memory of visual information when the stimulus is no longer present.
Sperling's tachistoscopic study presented a grid of letters, and subjects had better recall with cued conditions (1960s).
Iconic memory has a very brief duration and is not intuitively understood.
A classical study on iconic memory showed a span of apprehension and partial report accuracy (Sperling's Experiment).
Backward masking refers to a later visual stimulus affecting perception of an earlier one (Averbach and Coriell, 1961).
The icon is not relevant to real-world perception but can be useful under certain conditions (Haber, 1983).
Pandemonium, a model for pattern recognition, uses bottom-up and top-down processing, and its weakness is context effects (Selfridge, 1959).
Auditory sensory memory, also known as Echoic memory, preserves auditory stimuli for a short time.
The three-eared man procedure is a technique used to study auditory sensory memory (Darwin, Turvey, and Crowder, 1972).
Redirected attention persistence refers to the influence of attention on memory duration, as shown in a study by Crowder and Morton (1969).
Conceptually driven processing allows the brain to use higher level knowledge to interpret ambiguous stimuli (Warren and Warren, 1970).

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Description

Explore the major topics covered in Lecture 3 of the Basics of Perception course, including visual perception, pattern recognition, object recognition, agnosia, auditory perception, and the veridical nature of perception. Understand the distinction between sensation and perception and how they relate to our interaction with the physical world.