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Questions and Answers
Strategi apa yang digunakan pemerintah untuk mengatasi tantangan dalam pelaksanaan layanan kesejahteraan sosial?
Kelompok mana yang menjadi fokus dalam upaya pemerintah untuk mengatasi masalah eksklusi sosial?
Apa salah satu tantangan utama terkait pertumbuhan populasi lansia di Indonesia?
Berapa perkiraan jumlah orang dengan disabilitas sedang hingga berat di Indonesia?
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Program apa yang dilaksanakan oleh Kementerian Sosial untuk mendukung penyandang disabilitas?
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Strategi apa yang disarankan untuk memastikan pembangunan berkelanjutan dan inklusif di Indonesia?
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Apa tujuan utama dari Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH) di Indonesia?
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Siapa saja yang terlibat dalam pengelolaan Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH) di Indonesia?
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Apa saja tantangan yang dihadapi dalam pelaksanaan Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH) di Indonesia?
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Mengapa pembangunan nasional di Indonesia perlu memfokuskan pada isu kesejahteraan sosial?
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Bagaimana Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH) dapat membantu meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat di Indonesia?
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Study Notes
National Development in Indonesia: Focusing on Social Welfare
Addressing social welfare is crucial for achieving equitable and sustainable national development. In Indonesia, numerous initiatives have been implemented to address poverty and social exclusion, mainly through social assistance programs. These efforts are aimed at improving the quality of life for vulnerable populations, particularly the near-poor population group, and enhancing their access to essential services like healthcare and education.
Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH): Family Hope Program
One of Indonesia's flagship initiatives for social welfare is the Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH) or Family Hope Program. This conditional cash transfer (CCT) scheme aims to reduce vulnerability among households by increasing investments in health and education. It covers 10 million beneficiaries across 34 provinces, making it one of the largest CCT schemes worldwide. The PKH is managed by the Ministry of Social Affairs (MOSA) in collaboration with other institutions such as the National Team for the Acceleration of Poverty Reduction (TNP2K) and the Ministry of National Development Planning (BAPPENAS).
Despite its success, the PKH programme faces challenges, including unequal coverage, low benefit levels, inadequate training of field workers, and limited coordination with health and education service providers. To overcome these obstacles, the government is strengthening implementation capacity by upgrading information technology systems and human resources management, providing adequate training for facilitators, and scaling up family development sessions.
Social Welfare Services for Vulnerable Populations
Indonesia's strategy for social welfare not only focuses on poverty reduction but also addresses various forms of exclusion. Efforts have been made to address the needs of marginalized groups, including the elderly, people with disabilities, victims of drug abuse, ex-terrorist prisoners, and children in conflict with the law.
Elderly Care
The Ministry of Social Affairs recognizes that the growth of the elderly population poses significant challenges for national development. With around 24.4 million elderly individuals currently representing 9.27% of the total population, and predictions suggesting further increases, the risk of economic vulnerability, abandonment, and other issues among the elderly is a pressing concern. To tackle these issues, the Ministry of Social Affairs has issued regulations and guidelines for the development of elderly-friendly areas, as well as strengthening social protection schemes for the elderly.
Disability Support
According to the 2018 National Socio-Economic Survey, approximately 9-12% of Indonesia's population, which translates to around 30 million people, live with moderate to severe disabilities. Realizing the need to address this issue, the Ministry of Social Affairs has implemented several programmes, including the Non-Cash Assistance Program (BPNT), Smart Indonesian Program (PIP), Social Assistance for People/Persons with Disabilities (ASPDB), and Neglected Elderly Social Assistance (Aslut).
Future Considerations: Towards Inclusive Growth
To ensure sustainable and inclusive development, Indonesia should continue to focus on consolidating the existing social protection system while addressing emerging challenges. Potential strategies include providing a minimum level of protection throughout an individual's lifecycle, complementing the guaranteed minimum with coherent social insurance programs, and exploring options for funding these initiatives through budget reallocation and tax reforms.
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Description
Ujian ini membahas program-program kesejahteraan sosial di Indonesia, termasuk Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH), perawatan lansia, dan dukungan bagi penyandang disabilitas. Selain itu, juga dibahas strategi masa depan untuk pertumbuhan inklusif yang berkelanjutan.
