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Pelvic Girdle Anatomy Quiz
52 Questions
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Pelvic Girdle Anatomy Quiz

Created by
@SpellboundMelodica

Questions and Answers

What shape is the sacrum?

  • Pentagonal
  • Rectangular
  • Cylindrical
  • Triangular (correct)

    • How many sacral vertebrae are fused to form the sacrum?

  • Five (correct)
  • Four
  • Six
  • Three

    • What is located at the anterior lip of the sacrum?

  • Auricular surface
  • Sacral canal
  • Sacral promontory (correct)
  • Sacral foramina

    • What connects to the sacral canal?

    <p>Sacral foramina</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many coccygeal vertebrae fuse to form the coccyx?

    <p>Four</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What forms the opening through which a spinal nerve exits the vertebral column?

    <p>Intervertebral foramen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of the intervertebral disc provides padding?

    <p>Nucleus pulposus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the structure of the outer layer of the intervertebral disc called?

    <p>Anulus fibrosus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do intervertebral discs play between adjacent vertebrae?

    <p>Padding and movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which function is NOT performed by the intervertebral discs?

    <p>Serving as a nerve conduit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the curvatures in the vertebral column?

    <p>To increase strength, flexibility, and shock absorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which curves of the vertebral column are convex anteriorly?

    <p>Cervical and lumbar curves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about the sacral curve is true?

    <p>It is convex anteriorly.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What impact do the curvatures of the vertebral column have on its physical properties?

    <p>They enhance both strength and shock absorption.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is incorrect regarding the adult vertebral column?

    <p>It forms a series of straight lines.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What forms the pelvic girdle?

    <p>The right and left hip bones and the sacrum.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following structures is included in the pelvis?

    <p>The pelvic girdle and sacrum.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the shape of each hip bone described as?

    <p>A large concave bony plate, a slightly narrower region, and an expanded bony ring.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the acetabulum located?

    <p>On the lateral surface of each hip bone.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What surrounds the obturator foramen?

    <p>An expanded bony ring.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the body of a vertebra?

    <p>Supports the body weight</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following structures forms the posterior portion of a vertebra?

    <p>Vertebral arch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is located in the vertebral foramen?

    <p>Spinal cord</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two components that make up the vertebral arch?

    <p>Pedicles and laminae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many processes does a typical vertebra have?

    <p>Seven</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the largest part of the hip bone?

    <p>Ilium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structure ends the iliac crest anteriorly?

    <p>Anterior superior iliac spine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about the sacroiliac joints?

    <p>They receive most of the body's weight.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the large depression on the medial side of the ilium called?

    <p>Iliac fossa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What forms the sacroiliac joint?

    <p>The auricular surface of the hip bone and sacrum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of intervertebral discs?

    <p>To absorb shock to the spine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which joint is located between the skull and the first cervical vertebra (C1)?

    <p>Atlanto-occipital joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do the transverse foramina allow for?

    <p>Passage of blood vessels and nerves in cervical vertebrae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following foramina allows nerve roots to enter and exit the spinal column?

    <p>Intervertebral foramina</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which joint connects adjacent vertebrae at the articular processes?

    <p>Facet joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of chromosome has a centromere located at the end?

    <p>Telocentric</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of chromosome has two centromeres?

    <p>Dicentric</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which type of chromosome do both p and q arms have comparable lengths?

    <p>Metacentric</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of chromosome lacks a centromere?

    <p>Acentric</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which chromosome type has the centromere severely offset, resulting in a much shorter p arm?

    <p>Acrocentric</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Chromosomes 1, 3, 16, 19, and 20 are examples of which type of chromosome?

    <p>Metacentric</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do the right and left hip bones join to form?

    <p>A ring of bone called the pelvic girdle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bone is included in the pelvis along with the pelvic girdle?

    <p>Coccyx</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the shape of the region surrounding the obturator foramen in each hip bone?

    <p>Expanded bony ring</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the acetabulum located?

    <p>On the lateral surface of each hip bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component is NOT part of a hip bone?

    <p>Articular cartilage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the fundamental unit of life?

    <p>Cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is part of the cell theory?

    <p>All living organisms are composed of cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which German scientist is NOT credited with the formulation of cell theory?

    <p>Charles Darwin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What ability does a cell NOT possess?

    <p>Photosynthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of hereditary material in cells?

    <p>To pass traits from parent to daughter cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following correctly describes a characteristic of cells?

    <p>Cells perform necessary maintenance and recycle parts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Pelvic Girdle

    • Comprised of right and left hip bones (coxal bones) joined anteriorly and the sacrum posteriorly.
    • Includes the pelvic girdle and coccyx, forming the pelvic skeleton.
    • Each hip bone features a concave bony plate, a narrower central region, and an expanded inferior bony ring surrounding the obturator foramen.
    • The acetabulum on each hip bone's lateral surface serves as the articulating surface for the lower limb.

    Sacral Vertebrae Properties

    • Formed from the fusion of five sacral vertebrae, resulting in a triangular structure.
    • The sacral promontory denotes the anterior lip of the sacrum.
    • Auricular surfaces of the sacrum articulate with the ilium to create immobile sacroiliac joints.

    Sacral Canal

    • A bony tunnel running inferiorly through the sacrum.
    • Terminates at the sacral hiatus, located at the inferior tip of the sacrum.

    Sacral Foramina

    • Series of paired openings on the anterior and posterior surfaces of the sacrum.
    • Connect to the sacral canal, allowing structures to traverse the sacrum.

    Coccyx

    • Also known as the tailbone, derives from the fusion of four small coccygeal vertebrae.
    • Articulates with the inferior tip of the sacrum.

    The Vertebral Column

    • Comprises aligned vertebrae, forming intervertebral foramina for spinal nerve exit.
    • Intervertebral discs provide cushioning and enable movement, consisting of an outer layer (anulus fibrosus) and a gel-like center (nucleus pulposus).

    Curvatures of the Vertebral Column

    • Features four curvatures that enhance strength, flexibility, and shock absorption.
    • Cervical and lumbar curves are anteriorly convex; thoracic and sacral curves are posteriorly convex.

    General Structure of a Vertebra

    • Composed of a body, vertebral arch, and seven processes.
    • The body supports weight while the vertebral arch protects the spinal cord.
    • The vertebral foramen, located between the body and arch, houses the spinal cord.

    Foramina of the Spine

    • Vertebral foramina: Triangular openings for spinal cord enclosure.
    • Intervertebral foramina: Allow nerve roots to enter and exit the spinal column.
    • Transverse foramina: Present in cervical vertebrae.

    Intervertebral Joints

    • Facet joints form between superior and inferior articular processes of adjacent vertebrae.
    • Atlanto-occipital joint connects skull with C1; atlanto-axial joint connects C1 with C2.
    • Other important joints include the sacro-iliac and costo-vertebral joints.

    Ilium

    • The largest part of the hip bone located superiorly.
    • Features the iliac crest, which terminates in the anterior superior and posterior superior iliac spines.

    Sacroiliac Joint

    • Formed by the auricular surface of the ilium joining the sacrum, crucial for weight distribution from the upper body.
    • Includes the iliac fossa on the medial side of the ilium.

    Chromosome Structure

    • Classified based on centromere number: monocentric (one), dicentric (two), polycentric (multiple), and acentric (none).
    • Centromere location classifies chromosomes as telocentric, acrocentric, submetacentric, and metacentric.
    • Each classification affects chromosome shape and arm length (p and q arms).

    Cell

    • Fundamental unit of life; all organisms consist of cells or are formed from them.
    • Cells maintain structure, reproduce, consume nutrients, grow, and adapt to environmental changes.

    Cell Theory

    • Addresses the principles of biology established by Schwann, Schleiden, and Virchow.
    • Asserts that all organisms consist of cells, new cells arise from existing ones, and all metabolic processes occur within cells.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on the anatomy of the pelvic girdle, including the structure and components of the hip bones. This quiz covers the connection of the coxal bones to the sacrum and various anatomical features like the obturator foramen and acetabulum. Perfect for students studying human anatomy.

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