Pedodontics: Tooth Reaction to Trauma Lec 11 Quiz

What may cause the escape of red blood cells into the pulp chamber after trauma?

What is indicated by a reddish color change in the coronal portion of a tooth after trauma?

How soon after the injury can a reddish color change in the tooth be evident?

In cases of internal hemorrhage, when is pigment formation evident in the dentinal tubules?

What does a reddish coronal portion of a tooth after trauma often indicate?

What color change may be noticeable if bleeding into the pulp chamber is minor?

'In cases of this type' refers to which specific reaction to trauma in primary teeth?

'The change in color is evident within 2 to 3 weeks after the injury' refers to which reaction to trauma?

Which condition is characterized by partial or complete obliteration of the pulp chamber and canal?

What color may be observed in the crowns of teeth affected by calcific metamorphosis?

What is the likely outcome for primary teeth experiencing calcific metamorphosis?

What term is used to describe internal resorption when the vascular tissue of the pulp shines through the remaining thin shell of the tooth?

Which process is generally believed to be caused by odontoclastic action?

What should be done if a permanent tooth shows signs of calcific changes as a result of trauma?

What illusion may a radiograph give in cases of calcific metamorphosis?

"Destructive process generally believed to be caused by odontoclastic action" refers to which condition?

What is another term used for the occurrence of a perforation in the pulp?

In what scenario can a tooth be retained if endodontic procedures are initiated?

What is a potential outcome of a severe blow causing displacement to a tooth?

How does a tooth with a coronal fracture differ in pulpal prognosis from a tooth sustaining a severe blow without fracturing the crown?

What might cause eventual necrosis of the pulp following an injury?

How could damage to both periodontal structures and pulp affect external root resorption?

In what case may external root resorption become arrested, allowing the tooth to be retained?

What is the recommended treatment for a tooth with a necrotic pulp?

Which type of dental injury has a 100% chance of developing pulp necrosis and external root resorption?

What causes ankylosis in teeth?

How is ankylosis clinically evident in teeth?

What does the radiograph of an ankylosed tooth typically show?

When should an ankylosed anterior primary tooth be removed?

What happens to an ankylosed permanent tooth during active eruption?

What is often necessary when an ankylosed permanent tooth occurs during preteen or early teen years?

Why may injuries to primary teeth involve permanent dentition?

What is a possible defect that can be seen in permanent teeth?

What type of dentin is produced by odontoblasts when there is severe injury to developing enamel?

What occurs in a tooth after the intrusion or displacement of an anterior primary tooth?

What technique can be used to restore small hypoplastic defects in permanent teeth?

What are common treatments for ankylosed permanent teeth during preteen or early teen years?

Why do subjacent odontoblasts produce reparative dentin?

What is the main difference between pulpal hyperemia and internal hemorrhage?

What indicates a poor prognosis in cases of pulpal hyperemia?

In cases of internal hemorrhage, what happens if bleeding is minute?

What can cause the crown of an injured tooth to retain discoloration for an indefinite period?

What is the likelihood of vitality in primary teeth with dark-gray discoloration due to internal hemorrhage?

What is the radiographic appearance of the pulp chamber and canal in cases of calcific metamorphosis?

What color change may be observed in the crowns of teeth undergoing calcific metamorphosis?

What term is used to describe the process believed to be caused by odontoclastic action resulting in a 'pink spot' when the crown is affected?

What is the likely outcome for primary teeth experiencing calcific metamorphosis?

At what rate can the destructive process of internal resorption progress?

What should be considered when a permanent tooth shows signs of calcific changes as a result of trauma?

'Pink spot' is a term used to describe which condition affecting the crown of a tooth after injury?

'Fine root canal and remnants of the pulp will persist' refers to the radiographic appearance in which dental condition?

What is a potential outcome of a severe blow causing displacement to a tooth?

In what cases may external root resorption become arrested, allowing the tooth to be retained?

What condition is characterized by partial or complete obliteration of the pulp chamber and canal?

Why may a tooth receiving an injury that causes coronal fracture have a better pulpal prognosis than one sustaining a severe blow without fracturing the crown?

What is generally believed to be caused by odontoclastic action?

When might necrosis of the pulp not occur until several months after an injury?

'The blow may cause a severance of the apical vessels' leading to what condition?

'In exceptional cases, the resorption may become arrested, and the tooth may be retained' refers to which dental condition?

What type of dentin is produced by subjacent odontoblasts in response to severe injury to developing enamel?

In cases of dilaceration, what characteristic is observed in the affected tooth?

What term is used to describe the presence of a small, pigmented hypoplastic area in a permanent tooth?

Which condition may result from the removal of a permanent tooth that becomes ankylosed during the preteen or early teen years?

What defect may be observed in permanent teeth as a result of injuries to primary teeth involving the permanent dentition?

What tissue is observed to produce a reparative type of dentin when the thin enamel covering of a developing permanent tooth is severely damaged?

What is the result of ankylosis caused by injury to the periodontal ligament?

How is clinical evidence of ankylosis typically observed in affected teeth?

What can be seen in a radiograph of an ankylosed tooth?

When should an ankylosed anterior primary tooth be removed?

What distinguishes a tooth with ankylosis during active eruption from adjacent teeth?

What is the histological repair seen in cases of ankylosis that may contribute to its clinical manifestation?

What is a key feature that indicates a tooth's ankylosis in a radiograph?

How does ankylosis affect the eruption pattern of teeth compared to unaffected teeth?

When should an appliance be placed following the extraction of a tooth to prevent space closure?

Which primary molar loss results in the greatest amount of space closure in a quadrant?

What is the rate of space loss like during the first 6 months after tooth extraction?

What factor influences the amount of space closure most significantly after primary molar loss?

What happens to space closure potential if a primary molar loss occurs close to first permanent molar eruption?

What is the effect of retaining a second primary molar after losing a first primary molar on space closure?

What may produce abnormal forces leading to the collapse of dental arches?

What deficiency range per quadrant may indicate the need for space regaining or comprehensive orthodontic treatment?

When is space maintenance not desirable during orthodontic treatment?

Which factor influences planning due to its association with both space gain and space loss?

What does Leeway space contribute to in estimating arch length adequacy?

What may cause distal drifting of the anterior dental segment after the loss of mandibular primary molars?

What is the primary determinant of dental malocclusion according to the text?

Which objective of space maintenance is related to esthetics and phonetics in case of anterior space maintenance?

What is the main purpose of a space maintainer?

In space maintenance, why should the appliance not impose excessive stress on adjacent teeth?

What is a key characteristic that a space maintainer should have to prevent interference with the eruption of permanent teeth?

Why is preserving primate space an objective in space maintenance?

How do maxillary posterior spaces predominantly close?

How do mandibular spaces primarily close?

How do lower molars behave during space loss movements?

What is the likely outcome if the first primary molar is lost during the eruption of the first permanent molar?

What happens if the loss of the second primary molar occurs after normal cuspal interdigitation has been established?

Why are predictions of tooth emergence unreliable in cases where bone covering has been destroyed by infection?

Why is knowledge of the usual eruption sequence important?

What could result from the delayed eruption of permanent teeth?

How does abnormal oral musculature influence dental arches?

What is the recommended course of action when permanent teeth are congenitally absent?

In what scenario would a space analysis in the mixed dentition be beneficial?

What effect can the premature loss of the mandibular primary 2nd molar have?

Pulpal hyperemia is characterized by congestion of blood within the ______ chamber

Internal hemorrhage may result in pigment formation in the dentinal ______

The color change in the crown of the injured tooth after trauma may indicate a ______ prognosis

In cases of internal hemorrhage, the color change in the dentinal tubules is evident within 2 to 3 weeks after the ______

In severe cases, there may be pigment formation in the dentinal tubules leading to a change in ______

In primary teeth with dark-gray discoloration due to internal hemorrhage, the likelihood of ______ is apparently low

In cases in which the injury to the developing permanent tooth is severe enough to remove the thin covering of developing enamel, the subjacent odontoblasts have been observed to produce a reparative type of ______

Tooth with sharp bend in crown or root occurs after the intrusion or displacement of an anterior primary ______

The close anatomic relationship between the apices of primary teeth and their developing permanent successor explains why injuries to primary teeth may involve permanent ______

The presence of a small, pigmented hypoplastic area in permanent teeth has been referred to as Turner ______

Small hypoplastic defects in permanent teeth may be restored by the ______ technique

Ankylosed permanent teeth often require either surgical repositioning or the removal of a ______ tooth

Calcific metamorphosis of the dental Pulp may lead to partial or complete obliteration of the pulp chamber and canal, resulting in a yellowish, opaque color of the tooth crown. Primary teeth with this condition usually undergo normal root resorption, while a permanent tooth with signs of calcific changes should be regarded as a potential focus of infection and may require observation or endodontic treatment. This reaction is known as _______

Internal resorption is a destructive process believed to be caused by odontoclastic action, and may be observed radiographically in the pulp chamber or canal within a few weeks or months after an injury. This process, if rapid, may cause perforation of the crown or root within a few weeks. Internal resorption is also described as a 'pink spot' because the vascular tissue of the pulp shines through the remaining thin shell of the tooth. This condition is known as _______

The crowns of teeth undergoing calcific metamorphosis may have a _______ color.

Primary teeth demonstrating calcific metamorphosis will usually undergo normal _______.

A permanent tooth showing signs of calcific changes as a result of trauma should be regarded as a potential focus of infection and may require observation or _______ treatment.

Internal resorption is generally believed to be caused by _______ action.

The occurrence referred of a perforation as “perforating hyperplasia of the pulp”  If detected early, the tooth may be retained when ______ procedures are instituted.

Peripheral (external) root resorption  Due to damage to the periodontal structures and the pulp may not become involved. In case of sever trauma with some displacement of the tooth  Gross areas of the root have been destroyed. In exceptional cases the resorption may become arrested, and the tooth may be ______.

A severe blow to a tooth causing displacement often results in ______.

In some cases the necrosis may not occur until several months after the injury. A tooth receiving an injury that causes coronal fracture may have a better pulpal prognosis than a tooth that sustains a severe blow without fracturing the crown. Because of that the energy dissipates as the crown fractures, rather than all of the energy’s being absorbed by the tooth’s supporting ______.

The blow may cause a severance of the apical vessels, in which case the pulp undergoes autolysis and ______.

In a less severe type of injury, the hyperemia and slowing of blood flow through the pulpal tissue may cause eventual ______ of the pulp.

______ is a condition caused by injury to the periodontal ligament and subsequent inflammation, which is associated with invasion by osteoclastic cells. The result is irregularly resorbed areas on the peripheral root surface. In histologic sections, repair can be seen that may cause a mechanical lock or fusion between alveolar bone and the root surface. Clinical evidence of ankylosis is seen as a difference in the incisal plane of the ankylosed tooth and adjacent teeth. The adjacent teeth continue to erupt, whereas the ankylosed tooth remains fixed in relation to surrounding structures. The radiograph may show an interruption in the periodontal membrane of the ankylosed tooth, and often the dentin may appear to be continuous with alveolar bone. The ankylosed anterior primary tooth should be removed if there is evidence of its causing delayed or ectopic eruption of the permanent successor. If ankylosis of a permanent tooth occurs during active eruption, eventually a discrepancy between the position of this tooth and its adjacent ones will be obvious. The uninjured teeth will continue to erupt and may drift, with a loss of arch length.

The tooth with a necrotic pulp should be extracted or treated with ______. Risk of pulp necrosis (from the lowest) Concussion, subluxation, extrusion, lateral luxation, intrusive luxation – 100% chances of pulp necrosis and external root resorption. Ankylosis is a condition caused by injury to the periodontal ligament and subsequent inflammation, which is associated with invasion by osteoclastic cells. The result is irregularly resorbed areas on the peripheral root surface. In histologic sections, repair can be seen that may cause a mechanical lock or fusion between alveolar bone and the root surface. Clinical evidence of ankylosis is seen as a difference in the incisal plane of the ankylosed tooth and adjacent teeth. The adjacent teeth continue to erupt, whereas the ankylosed tooth remains fixed in relation to surrounding structures. The radiograph may show an interruption in the periodontal membrane of the ankylosed tooth, and often the dentin may appear to be continuous with alveolar bone.

A condition caused by injury to the periodontal ligament and subsequent inflammation, which is associated with invasion by osteoclastic cells. The result is irregularly resorbed areas on the peripheral root surface. In histologic sections, repair can be seen that may cause a mechanical lock or fusion between alveolar bone and the root surface. Clinical evidence of ankylosis is seen as a difference in the incisal plane of the ankylosed tooth and adjacent teeth. The adjacent teeth continue to erupt, whereas the ankylosed tooth remains fixed in relation to surrounding structures. The radiograph may show an interruption in the periodontal membrane of the ankylosed tooth, and often the dentin may appear to be continuous with alveolar bone. The ankylosed anterior primary tooth should be removed if there is evidence of its causing delayed or ectopic eruption of the permanent successor. If ankylosis of a permanent tooth occurs during active eruption, eventually a discrepancy between the position of this tooth and its adjacent ones will be obvious. The uninjured teeth will continue to erupt and may drift, with a loss of arch length.

A condition caused by injury to the periodontal ligament and subsequent inflammation, which is associated with invasion by osteoclastic cells. The result is irregularly resorbed areas on the peripheral root surface. In histologic sections, repair can be seen that may cause a mechanical lock or fusion between alveolar bone and the root surface. Clinical evidence of ankylosis is seen as a difference in the incisal plane of the ankylosed tooth and adjacent teeth. The adjacent teeth continue to erupt, whereas the ankylosed tooth remains fixed in relation to surrounding structures. The radiograph may show an interruption in the periodontal membrane of the ankylosed tooth, and often the dentin may appear to be continuous with alveolar bone. The ankylosed anterior primary tooth should be removed if there is evidence of its causing delayed or ectopic eruption of the permanent successor. If ankylosis of a permanent tooth occurs during active eruption, eventually a discrepancy between the position of this tooth and its adjacent ones will be obvious. The uninjured teeth will continue to erupt and may drift, with a loss of arch length.

A condition caused by injury to the periodontal ligament and subsequent inflammation, which is associated with invasion by ________ cells. The result is irregularly resorbed areas on the peripheral root surface. In histologic sections, repair can be seen that may cause a mechanical lock or fusion between alveolar bone and the root surface. Clinical evidence of ankylosis is seen as a difference in the incisal plane of the ankylosed tooth and adjacent teeth. The adjacent teeth continue to erupt, whereas the ankylosed tooth remains fixed in relation to surrounding structures. The radiograph may show an interruption in the periodontal membrane of the ankylosed tooth, and often the dentin may appear to be continuous with alveolar bone. The ankylosed anterior primary tooth should be removed if there is evidence of its causing delayed or ectopic eruption of the permanent successor. If ankylosis of a permanent tooth occurs during active eruption, eventually a discrepancy between the position of this tooth and its adjacent ones will be obvious. The uninjured teeth will continue to erupt and may drift, with a loss of arch length.

A condition caused by injury to the periodontal ligament and subsequent inflammation, which is associated with invasion by osteoclastic cells. The result is irregularly resorbed areas on the peripheral root surface. In histologic sections, repair can be seen that may cause a mechanical lock or fusion between alveolar bone and the root surface. Clinical evidence of ankylosis is seen as a difference in the incisal plane of the ankylosed tooth and adjacent teeth. The adjacent teeth continue to erupt, whereas the ankylosed tooth remains fixed in relation to surrounding structures. The radiograph may show an interruption in the periodontal membrane of the ankylosed tooth, and often the dentin may appear to be continuous with alveolar bone. The ankylosed anterior primary tooth should be removed if there is evidence of its causing delayed or ectopic eruption of the permanent successor. If ankylosis of a permanent tooth occurs during active eruption, eventually a discrepancy between the position of this tooth and its adjacent ones will be obvious. The uninjured teeth will continue to erupt and may drift, with a loss of arch length.

In cases of internal hemorrhage, when is pigment formation evident in the dentinal tubules? Pigment formation is evident within ______ after the injury.

The color change in the crown of the injured tooth after trauma may indicate a ______ prognosis.

In exceptional cases, the resorption may become arrested, and the tooth may be ______.

The presence of a small, pigmented hypoplastic area in permanent teeth has been referred to as Turner ______.

The blow may cause a severance of the apical vessels' leading to what condition?

What factor influences the amount of space closure most significantly after primary molar loss? ______ space contributes to estimating arch length adequacy.

A tooth may be retained if detected early, when endodontic procedures are instituted, to prevent __________ hyperplasia of the pulp

Peripheral (external) root resorption may be arrested, allowing the tooth to be retained, if damage to the periodontal structures and the pulp does not become involved due to sever _________ with some displacement of the tooth

Pulpal necrosis can result from a severe blow to a tooth causing displacement, often leading to _______ necrosis

In some cases, pulpal necrosis may not occur until several months after the injury, as the energy dissipates when the crown fractures, rather than being absorbed by the tooth's supporting ________

A tooth receiving an injury that causes coronal fracture may have a better pulpal prognosis than a tooth that sustains a severe blow without fracturing the crown, as the energy dissipates when the crown fractures, rather than all of the energy being absorbed by the tooth's supporting ________

Ankylosis is clinically evident when there is a difference in the incisal plane of the ankylosed tooth and adjacent teeth, and the adjacent teeth continue to erupt while the ankylosed tooth remains fixed in relation to surrounding _________

Calcific metamorphosis of the dental Pulp may lead to partial or complete obliteration of the pulp chamber and canal, resulting in a yellowish, opaque color of the tooth crown. Primary teeth with this condition usually undergo normal root resorption, while a permanent tooth with signs of calcific changes should be regarded as a potential focus of infection and may require observation or endodontic treatment. This reaction is known as _______

Internal resorption is a destructive process believed to be caused by odontoclastic action, and may be observed radiographically in the pulp chamber or canal within a few weeks or months after an injury. This process, if rapid, may cause perforation of the crown or root within a few weeks. Internal resorption is also described as a 'pink spot' because the vascular tissue of the pulp shines through the remaining thin shell of the tooth. This condition is known as _______

In primary teeth with dark-gray discoloration due to internal hemorrhage, the likelihood of ______ is apparently low

A permanent tooth showing signs of calcific changes as a result of trauma should be regarded as a potential focus of infection and may require observation or _______ treatment.

The occurrence referred of a perforation as 'perforating hyperplasia of the pulp'. If detected early, the tooth may be retained when _______ procedures are instituted.

Ankylosed permanent teeth often require either surgical repositioning or the removal of a ______ tooth

In cases in which the injury to the developing permanent tooth is severe enough to remove the thin covering of developing enamel, the subjacent odontoblasts have been observed to produce a reparative type of ______.

Ankylosed permanent teeth often require either surgical repositioning or the removal of a ______ tooth.

In histologic sections, repair can be seen that may cause a mechanical lock or fusion between alveolar bone and the root surface. Clinical evidence of ankylosis is seen as a difference in the incisal plane of the ankylosed tooth and adjacent teeth. The adjacent teeth continue to erupt, whereas the ankylosed tooth remains fixed in relation to surrounding structures. The radiograph may show an interruption in the periodontal membrane of the ankylosed tooth, and often the dentin may appear to be continuous with alveolar bone. The ankylosed anterior primary tooth should be removed if there is evidence of its causing delayed or ectopic eruption of the permanent successor. If ankylosis of a permanent tooth occurs during active eruption, eventually a discrepancy between the position of this tooth and its adjacent ones will be obvious. The uninjured teeth will continue to erupt and may drift, with a loss of arch ______.

In cases of internal hemorrhage, when is pigment formation evident in the dentinal tubules?

Internal resorption is a destructive process believed to be caused by odontoclastic action, and may be observed radiographically in the pulp chamber or canal within a few weeks or months after an injury. This process, if rapid, may cause perforation of the crown or root within a few weeks. Internal resorption is also described as a 'pink spot' because the vascular tissue of the pulp shines through the remaining thin shell of the tooth. This condition is known as _______.

In some cases the necrosis may not occur until several months after the injury. A tooth receiving an injury that causes coronal fracture may have a better pulpal prognosis than a tooth that sustains a severe blow without fracturing the crown. Because of that the energy dissipates as the crown fractures, rather than all of the energy’s being absorbed by the tooth’s supporting ______.

Ankylosis is a condition caused by injury to the periodontal ligament and subsequent inflammation, which is associated with invasion by osteoclastic cells. The result is irregularly resorbed areas on the peripheral root surface. In histologic sections, repair can be seen that may cause a mechanical lock or fusion between alveolar bone and the root surface. Clinical evidence of ankylosis is seen as a difference in the incisal plane of the ankylosed ______ and adjacent teeth. The adjacent teeth continue to erupt, whereas the ankylosed ______ remains fixed in relation to surrounding structures. The radiograph may show an interruption in the periodontal membrane of the ankylosed ______, and often the dentin may appear to be continuous with alveolar bone. The ankylosed anterior primary ______ should be removed if there is evidence of its causing delayed or ectopic eruption of the permanent successor. If ankylosis of a permanent ______ occurs during active eruption, eventually a discrepancy between the position of this ______ and its adjacent ones will be obvious. The uninjured teeth will continue to erupt and may drift, with a loss of arch length.

The tooth with a necrotic ______ should be extracted or treated with RCT. Risk of ______ necrosis (from the lowest) Concussion, subluxation, extrusion, lateral luxation, intrusive luxation – 100% chances of ______ necrosis and external root resorption.

Ankylosis is a condition caused by injury to the periodontal ligament and subsequent inflammation, which is associated with ______ by osteoclastic cells. The result is irregularly resorbed areas on the peripheral root surface.

The adjacent teeth continue to erupt, whereas the ______ tooth remains fixed in relation to surrounding structures. The radiograph may show an interruption in the periodontal membrane of the ______ tooth, and often the dentin may appear to be continuous with alveolar bone.

The ankylosed anterior primary tooth should be removed if there is ______ of its causing delayed or ectopic eruption of the permanent successor.

If ankylosis of a permanent tooth occurs during active eruption, eventually a ______ between the position of this tooth and its adjacent ones will be obvious.

In cases in which the injury to the developing permanent tooth is severe enough to remove the thin covering of developing enamel, the subjacent odontoblasts have been observed to produce a reparative type of ______.

Primary teeth demonstrating calcific metamorphosis will usually undergo normal _______.

In some cases the necrosis may not occur until several months after the injury. A tooth receiving an injury that causes coronal fracture may have a better pulpal prognosis than a tooth that sustains a severe blow without fracturing the crown. Because of that the energy dissipates as the crown fractures, rather than all of the energy’s being absorbed by the tooth’s supporting ______.

In primary teeth with dark-gray discoloration due to internal hemorrhage, the likelihood of ______ is apparently low.

What is the recommended treatment for a tooth with a necrotic pulp?

The adjacent teeth continue to erupt, whereas the ______ tooth remains fixed in relation to surrounding structures. The radiograph may show an interruption in the periodontal membrane of the ______ tooth, and often the dentin may appear to be continuous with alveolar bone.

What indicates a poor prognosis in cases of pulpal hyperemia?

The blow may cause a severance of the apical vessels, in which case the pulp undergoes autolysis and ______.

Sequence of eruption knowledge is important because it can help prevent arch length loss due to premature loss of a mandibular primary 2nd molar. For example, if the mandibular 2nd permanent molar erupts before the 2nd premolar, space loss can occur due to mesial forces exerted on the 1st permanent molar as the 2nd permanent molar erupts. This emphasizes the significance of understanding the __________ sequence.

In cases of delayed eruption of permanent teeth, over-retained or ankylosed primary teeth, or impacted permanent teeth, the eruption process can be affected. An appliance may be necessary to hold the space until the permanent tooth erupts. This highlights the importance of addressing the causes of delayed eruption to prevent complications in the __________ process.

During a space analysis in the mixed dentition, understanding the amount of available space for unerupted permanent teeth is crucial. This analysis can help in deciding the type of appliance, such as a space maintainer or a space regainer, that is most __________.

When dealing with the congenital absence of permanent teeth, dentists must decide whether to hold the space for a long time until a fixed replacement is provided or to allow the space to _________.

Abnormal oral musculature or habits can exert abnormal pressure on dental arches, influencing the type and planning of space maintainers. Therefore, understanding and addressing abnormal oral musculature is essential in the proper placement of ________ maintainers.

The absence of permanent teeth from birth is known as congenital absence. In such cases, dentists must decide whether to maintain the space for future replacement or allow it to _______.

In cases of delayed eruption of permanent teeth, it is important to address the causative factors to prevent potential complications in the eruption process. These factors may include over-retained primary teeth or impacted permanent teeth, which can hinder the normal ________ of permanent teeth.

Understanding the usual eruption sequence can help in predicting and managing potential space loss issues that may arise due to premature loss of primary teeth or delayed eruption of permanent teeth. This knowledge can aid in implementing timely interventions such as space maintainers to prevent unfavorable ________ changes.

Thumb or finger habits may similarly produce abnormal forces in initiating collapse of the dental arches after untimely loss of primary teeth. Arch Length Adequacy will be estimated by position of incisors, Leeway ______ and incisor liability.

If there is no question that permanent teeth will have to be removed to obtain a favorable occlusion, ______ maintenance may not be desirable because the ______ would need to be closed during orthodontic treatment anyway.

Some of these ______ are: growth of jaws, proximal caries, wear and attrition. Miscellaneous Factors influence planning because they may be associated with either space gain or space loss.

If analysis indicates a positive arch length or deficiency of less than 1 to 2 mm per quadrant, a ______ maintainer may be beneficial in holding tooth position.

A significant discrepancy exists where ______ regaining, serial extraction, and/or comprehensive orthodontic treatment may be indicated if the arch length deficiency is 2 to 3 mm or more per quadrant.

The adjacent teeth continue to erupt, whereas the ankylosed ______ remains fixed in relation to surrounding structures. Clinical evidence of ankylosis is seen as a difference in the incisal plane of the ankylosed ______ and adjacent teeth.

Internal resorption is a destructive process believed to be caused by odontoclastic action. This process, if rapid, may cause perforation of the crown or root within a few weeks.

In primary teeth with dark-gray discoloration due to internal hemorrhage, the likelihood of _____ is apparently low.

The primary determinant of dental malocclusion is the mesial-distal tooth size/ arch size imbalance. Nevertheless, secondary factors can dramatically influence the deposition of dental arch during childhood. The environmental factors most commonly affecting dental arch status are :  Caries  Premature loss of primary teeth  It is defined as the process of maintaining a space in a given arch previously occupied by a tooth or a group of teeth. Space Maintainer : It is a fixed or removable appliance  Objectives of space maintenance designed to preserve the space created by the premature loss of a primary tooth or a group of teeth. 1.Preservation of primate space. 2.Preservation of the integrity of the dental arches. 3.Preservation of normal occlusal planes. 4.In case of anterior space maintenance, it ______ aid in esthetics and phonetics 1.Should maintain the desired proximal dimensions of the space created by the loss of tooth 2.Should not interfere with eruption of occluding teeth. 3.Should not interfere with the eruption of the replacing permanent teeth. 4.Should not interfere with speech, mastication or functional movement of mandible. 5.Should be simple and strong 6.Should not impose excessive stress on adjacent tooth, that means it's passive in not imposing pressures on remaining teeth that might affect orthodontic movements 7.Easily cleansable without enhancing dental caries or soft-tissue pathology. 8.

In space maintenance, why should the appliance not impose excessive stress on adjacent ______?

Ankylosed permanent teeth often require either surgical repositioning or the removal of a ______ tooth.

Tooth with sharp bend in crown or root occurs after the intrusion or displacement of an anterior primary ______

Ankylosis is a condition caused by injury to the periodontal ligament and subsequent inflammation, which is associated with invasion by osteoclastic cells. The result is irregularly resorbed areas on the peripheral root surface. In histologic sections, repair can be seen that may cause a mechanical lock or fusion between alveolar bone and the root surface. Clinical evidence of ankylosis is seen as a difference in the incisal plane of the ankylosed tooth and adjacent teeth. The adjacent teeth continue to erupt, whereas the ankylosed tooth remains fixed in relation to surrounding structures. The radiograph may show an interruption in the periodontal membrane of the ankylosed tooth, and often the dentin may appear to be continuous with alveolar bone. The ankylosed anterior primary tooth should be removed if there is evidence of its causing delayed or ectopic eruption of the permanent successor. If ankylosis of a permanent tooth occurs during active eruption, eventually a discrepancy between the position of this tooth and its adjacent ones will be obvious. The uninjured teeth will continue to erupt and may drift, with a loss of arch ______.

What effect can the premature loss of the mandibular primary 2nd molar have?

What is the likely outcome for primary teeth experiencing ______ metamorphosis?

What tissue is observed to produce a reparative type of dentin when the thin enamel covering of a developing permanent tooth is severely damaged?

Maxillary posterior spaces close predominantly by mesial bodily movement and mesiolingual rotation around the palatal root of the first permanent molars. Only minimal mesial crown tipping of the first molar is usually noted. In contrast, mandibular spaces close primarily by mesial tipping of the first permanent molars, along with distal movement and retroclination of teeth anterior to the space. Bodily movement of first molars is not typically notable in the lower arch as seen in the upper arch. Lower molars also tend to roll lingually in conjunction with their mesial crown-tipping during space loss movements. Direction of Space Closure: Maxillary spaces close by _______ movement and mandibular spaces close primarily by _______ of the first permanent molars.

If the first primary molar is lost during the time of active eruption of the first permanent molar, a strong forward force will be exerted on the second primary molar, causing it to tip into the space required for the eruption of the first premolar. In addition, if the loss of the second primary molar occurs after the first permanent molars have fully erupted and normal cuspal interdigitation has been established, the degree of space loss should be less dramatic than earlier during molar transition. Eruption Status of the Adjacent Teeth: Loss of primary molars during active eruption may cause tipping of the adjacent teeth due to the force exerted by the _______ primary molar.

Predictions of tooth emergence based on root development and the influence of the time of the primary tooth loss are not reliable if the bone covering the developing permanent tooth has been destroyed by _______. Amount of Bone Coverage Over the Tooth: Tooth emergence predictions may be inaccurate if the bone covering the developing tooth has been affected by _______

Internal resorption is generally believed to be caused by _______ action. Key cause of Internal Resorption: Internal resorption is thought to be primarily due to the action of _______

In cases of internal hemorrhage, the color change in the dentinal tubules is evident within 2 to 3 weeks after the _______. Timeline of Color Change: Color changes in the dentinal tubules occur within weeks after the occurrence of _______

Ankylosis is clinically evident when there is a difference in the incisal plane of the ankylosed tooth and adjacent teeth, and the adjacent teeth continue to erupt while the ankylosed tooth remains fixed in relation to surrounding _______. Clinical Sign of Ankylosis: Ankylosed teeth show a discrepancy in eruption compared to adjacent teeth due to the tooth being fixed in relation to surrounding _______

In a less severe type of injury, the hyperemia and slowing of blood flow through the pulpal tissue may cause eventual _______ of the pulp. Outcome of Pulpal Injury: Pulpal necrosis may occur as a result of decreased blood flow leading to the _______ of the pulp tissue.

Leeway space contributes to estimating arch length adequacy by providing additional space for the _______ teeth. Role of Leeway Space: Leeway space helps in estimating arch length by accommodating the eruption of _______ teeth.

What guideline is used to predict the emergence of erupting premolars?

How is the eruption status of a succedaneous tooth estimated?

What is the importance of dental age compared to chronologic age?

What may result from very early loss of a primary tooth before significant root formation of the permanent successor?

What may lead to collapse of dental arches after untimely loss of primary teeth?

What is the primary factor considered in determining the need for space maintenance after losing primary teeth?

What is the purpose of a space maintainer when there is a 2 to 3 mm arch length deficiency per quadrant?

What may indicate that space maintenance is not desirable in orthodontic treatment?

What is a common factor influencing space gain or loss in dental planning?

What type of dentin is produced in response to severe injury to developing enamel?

What does the radiograph show in cases of ankylosed teeth?

'Leeway space' contributes to estimating what aspect of dental arch adequacy?

How do maxillary posterior spaces predominantly close?

How do mandibular spaces primarily close?

What is not typically notable in lower arch regarding first molars' movement during space loss?

What happens if the second primary molar is lost after the first permanent molars have fully erupted?

Which teeth tend to roll lingually in conjunction with mesial crown-tipping during space loss movements?

What happens if a strong forward force is exerted on the second primary molar due to the loss of the first primary molar?

How does bone coverage over a developing permanent tooth affect tooth emergence predictions?

In what way do lower molars differ from upper molars during space loss movements?

What is the recommended timeframe for placing an appliance after the loss of a tooth to prevent space closure?

Which primary molar loss results in the greatest amount of space closure in a quadrant?

When does maximum space loss occur after tooth extraction?

What contributes to estimating arch length adequacy after primary molar loss?

What happens if a first primary molar is lost during the eruption of the first permanent molar?

Which age group experiences the most space loss after tooth extraction?

What is significant about the rate of space closure within the first 6 months of tooth extraction?

Why does the loss of a first primary molar with retention of the second primary molar show minimal space closure?

Why is the knowledge of the usual eruption sequence important?

What can result from over-retained primary teeth or impacted permanent teeth during the eruption process?

In cases of delayed eruption, what may be needed to hold space until the permanent tooth erupts into a normal position?

What is the primary consideration when deciding whether to hold the space for congenitally absent permanent teeth?

How does abnormal oral musculature affect dental arches?

What is the result of traumatic injuries causing displacement to a tooth?

What technique can be used to restore small hypoplastic defects in permanent teeth?

When might an ankylosed anterior primary tooth need removal?