Health Care Adaptations for the Child and Family
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Questions and Answers

What are the six rights of medication administration?

  • Drug, Dose, Route, Patient, Documentation, Safety
  • Patient, Dose, Route, Documentation, Time, Family Involvement
  • Patient, Drug, Dose, Route, Time, Environment
  • Patient, Drug, Dose, Time, Route, Documentation (correct)

Which of the following is a proper consideration when administering IVs to pediatric patients?

  • Type of medication
  • Weather conditions during administration
  • The site where the IV is to be inserted (correct)
  • Cost of medication

What is a potential interaction to consider with phenytoin (Dilantin)?

  • Increased absorption with high-protein meals
  • Interaction with iron supplements
  • Interaction with antacids (correct)
  • Phototoxicity with sunlight exposure

Which of these methods should be used to prepare a child preoperatively?

<p>Clarifying any misunderstandings the child may have (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be done to minimize complications postoperatively in children?

<p>Assisting the child to master the situation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which feeding method involves delivering nutrients directly to the stomach?

<p>Gavage feeding (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When considering drug interactions, which of the following food interactions can affect the absorption of iron supplements?

<p>Egg yolks (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key nursing action related to the protection of an IV site in children?

<p>Monitoring for signs of mobility issues (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect is critical in the prevention of drug interactions?

<p>Identifying selected drug-environment interactions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an important factor to consider when providing oxygen therapy to a child?

<p>Assessing for signs and symptoms to monitor for complications (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the key responsibilities of a nurse when admitting a child to the pediatric unit?

<p>Verify consent and identification (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which vital sign measurement is specifically important for infants?

<p>Head circumference (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a critical measure when transporting an infant within the hospital?

<p>Ensuring they are securely fastened (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be done first when collecting urine specimens from infants?

<p>Verify the physician's order (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When assessing vital signs in infants, what technique should be demonstrated?

<p>Taking multiple readings to determine an average (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is essential to remember regarding medication administration in infants and children?

<p>Dosages should be calculated for safety before administration (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of parenteral fluid administration is a nursing responsibility?

<p>Observing for signs of fluid overload (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended site for intramuscular injections in infants?

<p>Vastus lateralis muscle (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should a nurse do to prepare a pediatric patient for surgery?

<p>Outline the procedure in simple terms (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a part of collection procedures for specimens?

<p>Keeping the specimen unrefrigerated (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

List five safety measures when caring for hospitalized children.

<ol> <li>Ensure the child is correctly identified; 2) Obtain necessary consents; 3) Use proper restraints during procedures; 4) Maintain a clean and safe environment; 5) Educate the child and family about the care plan.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

How should an infant be positioned for a lumbar puncture?

<p>The infant should be positioned in a lateral recumbent position with knees drawn to the chest to maximize spinal access.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What two nursing responsibilities are critical when a child is receiving parenteral fluids?

<p>Monitor fluid intake and output; assess the child for any signs of fluid overload or dehydration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most important variable in predicting drug therapy response in children?

<p>Age is the most important variable, as it influences drug absorption, metabolism, and excretion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What basic daily data should be collected for hospitalized infants and children?

<p>Vital signs, pain level, weight, height, and head circumference (for infants) should be collected.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Pediatric Patient Safety

Hospitalized children require specific safety precautions, including secure transport, appropriate positioning, and restraint methods, to prevent injury or accidental harm.

Vital Signs Assessment

Regular monitoring of temperature, pulse, blood pressure, and respiration is crucial for evaluating pediatric patient health and well-being and trends.

Specimen Collection

Collection of samples (urine, stool) requires following physician orders, using proper containers, labeling clearly, and sending to the lab promptly.

Medications in Pediatrics

Dosage calculation and administration methods in children need careful attention due to differing metabolism and absorption compared to adults; observe for toxic reactions.

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Parenteral Fluids in Children

Administering intravenous fluids requires careful monitoring and documentation. Two key responsibilities are checking vital signs for changes and managing fluid balance.

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Medications in infants

Age is a vital factor affecting how medicine reacts in infant bodies

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Oral Medication Administration

Medication given by mouth requires an understanding of effective administration techniques, such as preventing choking or spitting out the medicine.

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Im. Injection Location

IM injection sites differ in children and adults due to body mass, development, and subcutaneous tissue differences, leading to varied complications.

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Infant Feeding Practices

Gastrostomy tube feeding aids delivering formula liquids or nutrition to an infant based on their specific feeding needs.

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Pediatric Patient Data Collection

Includes observing growth & development, level of interaction, history, and physical assessment, and documenting vital signs.

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Parenteral Administration

Medication delivery method bypassing the digestive system, such as IV injection.

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Six Rights of Medication Administration

Key steps for safe medication delivery: patient, drug, dose, time, route, documentation.

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Pediatric IVs

Intravenous therapy for children takes into account child's development and safety.

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Gavage Feeding

Feeding through a tube directly into the stomach.

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Gastrostomy

Surgical opening (stoma) into the stomach for feeding.

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Tracheostomy Care

Maintaining a stoma in the trachea for breathing.

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Phototoxicity

Drug interaction causing skin sensitivity to sunlight.

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Drug-Drug Interaction

Effect of one drug on the action of another medication.

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Preoperative Child Care

Care of a child before surgery, including physical and emotional preparation.

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Postoperative Nursing Care

Care of a child after surgery to help them recover and adjust

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Infant Medication Dosage

Calculating the correct medicine amount for infants is crucial; use age as a key factor in calculating the dosage.

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Hospitalized Child Safety

Ensuring the safety of hospitalized children involves secure transport, proper positioning, and restraints to prevent accidents and injuries.

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Specimen Collection in Pediatrics

Collecting specimens from infants and children requires adhering to physician orders, using correct containers, and labeling samples appropriately for the lab.

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Pediatric Vital Signs

Monitoring temperature, pulse, respiration, and blood pressure is critical for evaluating the health status of infants and children. Age affects normal values.

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Pediatric Medication Administration

Administering medications to infants and children calls for vigilance and proper techniques to avoid complications due to factors like absorption, metabolism, and excretion differences from adults.

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Study Notes

˜Lesson 22.1
Objectives (1 of 2)

1.Define each key word listed.

2.List five safety measures applicable to the care of the hospitalized child.

3.Illustrate techniques of transporting infants and children.

4.Plan the basic daily data collection for hospitalized infants and children.

5.Identify the normal vital signs of infants and children at various ages.

˜Lesson 22.1
Objectives (2 of 2)

6.Devise a nursing care plan for a child with a fever.

7.Discuss the technique of obtaining urine and stool specimens from infants.

8.Position an infant for a lumbar puncture.

●

˜Admission to the Pediatric Unit—Nursing Responsibilities

˜Identification

˜Consents

˜Safety measures

˜Procedure preparation

˜Transporting, positioning, and restraining

˜Basic Data Collection

˜Observation

˜Growth and development

˜Level of interaction between child and environment

˜History survey

˜Physical Survey

˜Vital signs

˜Pain

˜Weight

˜Height

˜Head circumference (infants)

˜Collecting Specimens

˜Verify physician order.

˜Obtain lab requisitions, correct containers, and supplies.

˜Collect specimen.

˜Label clearly and attach proper forms.

˜Send to laboratory according to hospital policy.

˜Record in nurses’ notes and on intake and output record what specimens were obtained and, where appropriate, the amount of output.

˜

˜Lesson 22.2
Objectives (1 of 2)

9.Demonstrate techniques of administering oral, eye, and ear medications to infants and children.

10.Demonstrate proper techniques of assessing vital signs in infants and children

11.Compare the preferred sites for intramuscular injection for infants and adults.

12.Discuss two nursing responsibilities necessary when a child is receiving parenteral fluids and the rationale for each.

˜Lesson 22.2
Objectives (2 of 2)

13.Calculate the safe dosage of a medicine that is in liquid form.

14.Demonstrate the appropriate technique for gastrostomy tube feeding.

15.Summarize the care of a child receiving supplemental oxygen.

16.Recall the principles of tracheostomy care.

17.List the adaptations necessary when preparing a pediatric patient for surgery.

●

˜Medications in Infants and Children

˜Age is the most important variable in predicting response to any drug therapy

˜Absorption

˜Metabolism

˜Excretion

˜Nursing Responsibilities in Administering Medications to Infants and Children

˜Observe for toxic symptoms.

˜Safe dose should be calculated before administration.

˜Administration

ØOral

ØParenteral

ØIntravenous

ØTPN

˜

˜Medication Safety Alert!: Preventing Medication Errors

˜Six rights of medication administration

ØPatient

ØDrug

ØDose

ØTime

ØRoute

ØDocumentation

˜

˜Factors to Consider for Pediatric IVs

˜Developmental characteristics

˜Site where IV is to be inserted

˜Preparation of child

˜Family Involvement

˜Related nursing actions

˜Protection of IV site

˜Mobility considerations

˜Safety needs

˜Preventing Drug Interactions

˜Selected drug–environment interactions

ØPhototoxicity

˜Selected drug–drug interactions

ØPhenytoin (Dilantin) and antacid

˜Selected drug–food interactions

ØIron supplement and egg yolks

˜Nutrition, Digestion, and Elimination

˜Gavage feeding

˜Gastrostomy

˜Enema

˜Respiration

˜Tracheostomy care

˜Indications for suctioning

˜Complications

˜Signs and symptoms to monitor for

˜Oxygen therapy

˜Airway obstruction

˜Preoperative and Postoperative Care

˜Preoperative

ØChildren require both physical and psychological preparation at their level of understanding.

ØClarify any misunderstandings the child may have.

ØInfants should not be maintained on NPO status for longer than 4 to 6 hours; provide a pacifier to assist in meeting developmental need for sucking.

˜Postoperative

ØNursing interventions are aimed at assisting the child to master a threatening situation and minimize physical and psychological complications.

˜

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Description

Test your knowledge on essential pediatric nursing practices, including medication administration, IV considerations, and preoperative care for children. This quiz covers critical interactions, feeding methods, and safety measures in pediatric healthcare settings.

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