Pediatric Medications: Part 2

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Questions and Answers

Why is caution advised when prescribing NSAIDs to geriatric patients?

  • They can lead to blood sugar imbalances.
  • They primarily affect respiratory function in older adults.
  • They often cause neurological side effects in the elderly.
  • They increase the risk of kidney and gastrointestinal issues. (correct)

What is the primary use for albuterol (salbutamol)?

  • Dilating the airways during asthma or wheezing. (correct)
  • Suppressing cough.
  • Reducing inflammation in the nasal passages.
  • Reversing severe allergic reactions.

What is the primary purpose of prescribing oral rehydration solutions (ORS) in pediatric care?

  • Counteracting dehydration caused by diarrhea. (correct)
  • Management of bacterial infections.
  • Treating constipation.
  • Alleviating vomiting

Which of the following medications is typically used as a first-line treatment for ear infections in children?

<p>Amoxicillin (B)</p>
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Why might B12 supplements be recommended for older adults?

<p>To improve absorption due to age-related issues. (D)</p>
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A child presents with seasonal allergies and rhinitis. Which medication is most appropriate?

<p>Fluticasone (D)</p>
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Which medication is used to treat skin irritation caused by poison ivy?

<p>Calamine lotion (C)</p>
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For urinary tract infections, which antibiotic is typically used?

<p>Amoxicillin/Clavulanate (A)</p>
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A geriatric patient taking Metformin and Insulin, is also experiencing inflammation. Which of the following medications would be suitable?

<p>Budesonide (B)</p>
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A patient is prescribed ondansetron, what condition is this patient most likely suffering from?

<p>Vomiting (D)</p>
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A young child has a fever, but is under six months of age. Which medication should the doctor avoid?

<p>Ibuprofen (B)</p>
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Which of these describes the function of Montelukast?

<p>Leukotriene receptor antagonist for asthma and allergies (A)</p>
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What is the purpose that Cetirizine serves?

<p>Second-generation antihistamine (A)</p>
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What primary health concern is addressed by the use of Vitamin D and Calcium in geriatric care?

<p>Supporting bone health and density (D)</p>
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Which of the following is the generation of Diphenhydramine and chlorpheniramine antihistamines?

<p>First-generation (C)</p>
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What condition is Clotrimazole used to treat?

<p>Skin fungal infections (A)</p>
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What class of medication is typically used to treat for infections like Chest infection?

<p>Antibiotics (A)</p>
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What is the function of lactulose?

<p>Used for constipation (A)</p>
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How does ipratropium work to alleviate respiratory distress?

<p>By dilating the airways to improve airflow (C)</p>
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What is the primary use of Ciprofloxacin?

<p>UTI (D)</p>
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If a patient has both diabetes and allergies or rhinitis, which of the following medication combinations should they avoid?

<p>Any of the other options are safe to take (A)</p>
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What is the general use of PPIs?

<p>For gastrointestinal medications (D)</p>
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What kind of health problems does Hydrocortisone cream (1%) help with?

<p>Eczema or other skin rashes (D)</p>
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What is the use of antibiotic Amoxicillin/Clavulanate (Augmentin) predominantly?

<p>Urinary Tract Infections (A)</p>
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Which type of medication is prescribed to elderly that are experiencing absorption problems?

<p>B12 Supplements (C)</p>
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A patient is showing symptoms of seasonal allergies and a runny nose. Which medication is most suitable?

<p>Fluticasone (A)</p>
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Why would somebody use Diphenhydramine?

<p>Because they have an allergy (C)</p>
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What is the aim of using Vitamin D and Calcium medications?

<p>To improve their bone density (D)</p>
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Which antibiotic would you administer to someone who had strep throat?

<p>Amoxicillin (B)</p>
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What type of gastrointestinal distress is ORS prescribed for?

<p>Diarrhea (B)</p>
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When should you be using Hydrocortisone cream?

<p>To help soothe the irritation of eczema (B)</p>
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What can albuterol inhalers help to treat?

<p>Asthma (D)</p>
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What symptoms does Cetirizine commonly treat?

<p>Allergies (C)</p>
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What problem might someone be experiencing if they were to be using Lactulose?

<p>Constipation (D)</p>
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When would Calamine Lotion NOT be suitable?

<p>When you have a Fungal Infection (B)</p>
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Which of the following respiratory conditions is Ipratropium used in?

<p>COPD (A)</p>
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Which of the following symptoms is Ondansetron most commonly used to treat?

<p>Nausea (D)</p>
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Flashcards

Ibuprofen (Pediatric)

Used for pain and fever relief in pediatric patients, available over six months of age.

Amoxicillin

A first-line antibiotic used to treat infections like ear infections, strep throat and pneumonia.

Amoxicillin/Clavulanate (Augmentin)

Used for urinary tract infections.

Cephalexin

Used for skin and respiratory infections

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Azithromycin

Used for respiratory infections

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Albuterol (Salbutamol)

Bronchodilator for asthma or wheezing, available as an inhaler, nebulizer solution, and syrup.

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Fluticasone

A nasal spray used for seasonal allergies and rhinitis.

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Montelukast

Leukotriene receptor antagonist for asthma and allergies.

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Lactulose, Bisacodyl, Castor oil, Glycerin

Used for constipation

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Oral Rehydration Solutions (ORS), Pectin, Kaolin

Used for diarrhea

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Metoclopramide, Ondansetron

Used for vomiting

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Diphenhydramine, chlorpheniramine

Antihistamine 1st generation

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Cetirizine

Antihistamine 2nd generation

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Clotrimazole

Used for skin fungal infections

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Hydrocortisone cream (1%)

Used for eczema or other skin rashes

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Calamine lotion

Used for skin irritation caused by poison ivy, chickenpox, and insect bites.

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NSAIDS (geriatric)

Used with caution (kidney and gastrointestinal risks).

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Vitamin D and Calcium (geriatric)

For bone health and support bone density

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B12 Supplements (geriatric)

For older adults with absorption problems.

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Albuterol (Salbutamol), ipratropium

bronchodilator for COPD and asthma.

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Fluticasone, Budesonide

To reduce inflammation.

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Loratadine, Desloratadine, Cetirizine

For allergies or rhinitis.

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Amoxicillin, Ceftriaxone, Cefpodoxime

For infections like Chest infection.

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Ciprofloxacin

for UTI

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Study Notes

  • Part 2 of Drugs summary

Medications for Pediatric Use

  • Acetaminophen and ibuprofen are used for pain and fever relief in children.
  • Ibuprofen is safe for children over six months old.
  • Amoxicillin is a first-line antibiotic for infections like ear infections, strep throat, and pneumonia.
  • Amoxicillin/Clavulanate (Augmentin) treats urinary tract infections.
  • Cephalexin is for skin and respiratory infections.
  • Azithromycin is for respiratory infections.
  • Albuterol (Salbutamol) is a bronchodilator for asthma or wheezing, available as an inhaler, nebulizer solution, or syrup.
  • Fluticasone is a nasal spray for seasonal allergies and rhinitis.
  • Montelukast, a leukotriene receptor antagonist, is for asthma and allergies.
  • Lactulose, bisacodyl, castor oil, and glycerin are used for constipation.
  • Oral Rehydration Solutions (ORS), pectin, and kaolin are for diarrhea.
  • Metoclopramide and ondansetron are for vomiting.
  • Diphenhydramine and chlorpheniramine are first-generation antihistamines for allergies.
  • Cetirizine is a second-generation antihistamine for allergies.
  • Clotrimazole treats skin fungal infections.
  • Hydrocortisone cream (1%) is for eczema or other skin rashes.
  • Calamine lotion relieves skin irritation from poison ivy, chickenpox, and insect bites.

Medications for Geriatric Use

  • Acetaminophen is a pain relief medication.
  • NSAIDs should be used with caution due to kidney and gastrointestinal risks.
  • PPIs and H2-Blockers are gastrointestinal medications.
  • Vitamin D and calcium support bone health and density.
  • B12 supplements help older adults with absorption problems.
  • Albuterol (Salbutamol) and ipratropium are bronchodilators for COPD and asthma.
  • Fluticasone and budesonide reduce inflammation.
  • Loratadine, desloratadine, and cetirizine are antihistamines for allergies or rhinitis.
  • Metformin and insulin are diabetes medications, available in short-acting and long-acting forms.
  • Amoxicillin, ceftriaxone, and cefpodoxime treat chest infections.
  • Ciprofloxacin is for UTIs.

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