Pediatric Health Promotion Quiz
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Questions and Answers

A client who is paralyzed from the waist down should perform catheterization every ____ hours.

  • 4 to 6 (correct)
  • 2
  • 12
  • 24

    • What is the appropriate nurse response to a parent describing projectile vomiting followed by hunger in an infant?

  • Switch to a different formula.
  • Give the infant an oral rehydrating solution.
  • Bring the infant to the clinic today. (correct)
  • Burp the child more frequently during feedings.

    • Which toy should a nurse suggest for a 10-month-old infant?

  • Push-pull toy (correct)
  • Crib gym
  • Coloring book with crayons
  • Large-piece puzzles

    • What snack should a nurse offer to a client immediately postoperative following a tonsillectomy?

    <p>Orange ice pop</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What response should a nurse make to a mother expressing concern about her 4-year-old child's reluctance to go to bed?

    <p>Keep a night light on in the child's room.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What manifestation should a nurse report to the provider when collecting data from a 6-year-old child at a well-child visit?

    <p>The teacher says my child has to squint to see the board.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What action should a nurse take when caring for an adolescent following the application of a plaster cast for a fractured right tibia?

    <p>Perform a neurovascular check of the lower extremities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What strategy should a nurse use to elicit cooperation from a 4-year-old child who refuses to take medication due to bad taste?

    <p>Offer the child an ice pop prior to administering the medication.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What finding should a nurse expect when collecting data from an infant with otitis media?

    <p>Tugging on the affected ear lobe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement indicates understanding of the goal of the surgery in an infant with Hirschsprung's disease?

    <p>The operation will straighten out the kink in the intestine.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What finding should a nurse expect in an adolescent with a calcium level of 11.4 mEq/L?

    <p>Muscle hypotonicity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What toy should a nurse plan to provide for a 4-year-old child admitted to the hospital?

    <p>Modeling clay</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What action should a nurse take when caring for an infant 1 day postoperative following surgical repair of a cleft lip?

    <p>Apply an antibiotic ointment to the suture site.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement by a parent of a child with cystic fibrosis indicates understanding of discharge instructions?

    <p>I will make sure my child washes her hands before eating.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first action the nurse should take when using the nursing process?

    <p>Collect data</p> Signup and view all the answers

    TSS (Toxic Shock Syndrome) is commonly associated with which of the following?

    <p>High-absorbency tampons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a definitive indication of pediculosis capitis in a school-age child?

    <p>Firmly attached white particles on the hair</p> Signup and view all the answers

    To help identify contributing factors for persistent otitis media in a 3-year-old client, what question should the nurse ask the parents?

    <p>Does anyone smoke in the same house as your daughter?</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should a nurse instruct parents of an adolescent to expect in terms of developmental tasks?

    <p>Identity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What toy would be appropriate for a 7-month-old infant?

    <p>A soft toy that squeaks or crackles when squeezed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the advantage of taking fexofenadine over diphenhydramine for seasonal allergies?

    <p>Fexofenadine is less sedating.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What action should a nurse take when caring for a hospitalized 2-year-old child who has a tantrum when a parent leaves?

    <p>Give the child a stuffed animal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What instruction should a nurse give to a parent of a 2-year-old toddler who throws a tantrum?

    <p>Appear to ignore them</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What action should a nurse take when caring for a child with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura experiencing a nosebleed?

    <p>Move the child into a supine position</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What manifestations should a nurse expect in a preschool-age child with impetigo contagiosa?

    <p>Red macule with honey-colored crusts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should a nurse do first when preparing a 9-year-old child for IV catheter insertion?

    Signup and view all the answers

    A nurse is caring for a child who is postoperative following the insertion of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt. In which of the following positions should the nurse place the child?

    <p>On the nonoperative side</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A nurse is talking with a 13-year-old female client during an annual health-screening visit. Which comment by the client should concern the nurse?

    <p>&quot;None of the kids at my school like me, and I don't like them either.&quot;</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A nurse is caring for a 17-year-old client with a terminal illness who refuses treatment. The client's mother wants to proceed with treatment. What action should the nurse take?

    <p>Notify the charge nurse of the situation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A nurse is caring for an infant with Tetralogy of Fallot and notices the infant easily fatigues when eating. What is the likely cause of the infant's fatigue?

    <p>Restricted blood flow leaving the heart</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During a well-child visit, a 10-year-old child states, "I really want to do well in school." What developmental expectation does this statement signify?

    <p>Erikson's stage of industry vs. inferiority</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A nurse on a pediatric unit is receiving report from an assistive personnel (AP). Which client should the nurse plan to visit first?

    <p>A 7-year-old child with diabetes insipidus and a urine specific gravity of 1.002</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A nurse is caring for a dehydrated infant requiring IV therapy. How should the nurse monitor the infant's response to therapy?

    <p>Weighing the infant at the same time every day</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A nurse is caring for a 6-month-old child and has been ordered to administer a DTaP vaccine. What should cause the nurse to question the administration of this vaccine?

    <p>Temperature of 40.5° C (104.9° F) after the last DTaP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A nurse is instructing parents of a child with cystic fibrosis about pancrelipase capsules. What instruction should the nurse provide?

    <p>&quot;Administer the medication with meals and snacks.&quot;</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following sexually transmitted infections does the Gardasil vaccine provide immunity against?

    <p>Human papillomavirus (HPV)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements by a school-age child indicates an understanding of cast care following a fiberglass cast application for a radius fracture?

    <p>&quot;I should expect some tingling in my fingertips the first few days.&quot;</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should a parent do post-tonsillectomy surgery for their 6-year-old child?

    <p>&quot;I'll call the doctor if my child is swallowing continuously.&quot;</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What manifestations of hypoglycemia should a nurse include in teaching for an adolescent with type 1 diabetes mellitus?

    <p>Headache</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What finding in a 7-month-old infant should indicate a need for further evaluation?

    <p>Babbles one-syllable sounds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When a child has bruises on their arms and legs, what should the nurse do first?

    <p>Obtain a detailed history</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What actions should a nurse take when caring for an infant with spina bifida?

    <p>Place the infant in prone position</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What action should a nurse plan to take when caring for a child with epiglottitis?

    <p>Prepare the child for a neck radiograph</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following responses should the nurse make when parents express concern about their child's bedwetting in the hospital?

    <p>&quot;Children who are hospitalized often regress. The toileting skills will return when your child is feeling better.&quot;</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should a nurse tell parents whose 8-month-old child cries when they leave?

    <p>&quot;You should expect your child to be upset when you leave.&quot;</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should a nurse do first when caring for a child with a fractured femur and a cast with a window cut for viewing the incision?

    <p>Perform neurovascular checks of the affected extremity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should a nurse monitor for in a toddler with laryngotracheobronchitis to detect airway obstruction?

    <p>Decreased stridor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vaccine should a nurse plan to administer to a 5-year-old child with up-to-date immunizations?

    <p>Measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Primary Care of Children

    Collecting Data

    • When collecting data from a 6-year-old child, a nurse should report a parent's statement about the child's squinting to see the board, as it may be a sign of strabismus.
    • A child's loss of front teeth and occasional temper tantrums are normal at this age.

    Caring for an Adolescent with a Fractured Tibia

    • After applying a plaster cast, a nurse should perform a neurovascular check to check for circulation, motion, and sensation in the lower extremities.
    • The nurse should elevate the client's leg to promote venous return and minimize swelling.
    • The nurse should assist the client to ambulate using crutches to promote general circulation and prevent complications of immobility.

    Administering Medication to a Child

    • To elicit a child's cooperation when taking medication, a nurse can offer an ice pop prior to administering the medication to help numb the tongue and alleviate the bad taste.
    • It is not recommended to hide medication in food or threaten the child with a shot if they don't take the medication.

    Otitis Media

    • A nurse should expect a child with otitis media to tug on the affected earlobe and have a loss of appetite due to pain.
    • Drainage from the ear canal is not typically associated with otitis media, unless the tympanic membrane ruptures.

    Hirschsprung's Disease

    • The goal of surgery for Hirschsprung's disease is to create an ostomy, which relieves the obstructed area and allows the bowel to rest.
    • A second surgery is usually performed at 12 to 18 months of age to repair the bowel.

    Hypercalcemia

    • A nurse should expect a client with hypercalcemia to have constipation, muscle hypotonicity, and bradycardia.

    Toys for Hospitalized Children

    • A nurse should provide toys that are appropriate for the child's age and developmental level, such as modeling clay for preschool-age children.
    • Brightly-colored mobiles are suitable for very young infants, but not for preschool-age children.

    Caring for an Infant with a Cleft Lip

    • A nurse should apply antibiotic ointment to the suture site to prevent infection.
    • The nurse should feed the infant using a syringe or bottle, or allow the infant to breastfeed, and avoid placing objects in the infant's mouth that can cause suture damage.

    Cystic Fibrosis

    • Clients with cystic fibrosis are at high risk for infection and should practice good hand washing techniques.
    • A diet that is high in calories and protein, and unrestricted in fats and salt, is recommended for children with cystic fibrosis.
    • Daycare settings should be avoided due to the high risk of exposure to illnesses.

    Spinal Cord Injury

    • A client with a spinal cord injury should catheterize every 4 to 6 hours, and as needed.
    • Drinking plenty of water is important to prevent urinary tract infections.
    • Using a suppository every 1 to 2 days to stimulate a bowel movement is appropriate.

    Pyloric Stenosis

    • Projectile vomiting followed by hunger in a 2-month-old infant is a sign of pyloric stenosis.
    • The infant should be examined in the clinic as soon as possible by the provider.

    Toys for 10-Month-Old Infants

    • A nurse should suggest toys that assist the infant in developing muscles and gross motor skills, such as push-pull toys.

    Postoperative Care of a Tonsillectomy

    • A nurse should offer clear, cold fluids such as ice pops to help decrease swelling and pain in the operative area.
    • Dairy products and acidic fluids such as cranberry juice should be avoided.

    Bedtime Routine

    • A nurse should suggest that a child participate in soothing activities prior to bed and establish a consistent bedtime routine.
    • Allowing a child to stay up past a reasonable hour or sleeping in the parent's bed can lead to inadequate sleep and habits.

    ß-Thalassemia

    • A nurse should expect a child with ß-thalassemia to exhibit listlessness, decreased exercise tolerance, anorexia, and unexplained fever.
    • Pallor is a common manifestation of ß-thalassemia.

    Stuttering

    • A nurse should suggest that a parent take time to listen attentively to a child who stutters and avoid interrupting or finishing the child's sentences.### Pediatric Care

    Stuttering

    • A child who stutters will stutter at any pace, slowing down does not resolve the child's disfluent speech pattern.
    • Promising a reward for not stuttering is not an appropriate action, as a child is unable to control stuttering.
    • Completing a child's sentences when they begin to stutter can appear as impatience and lead to further stress.

    Sickle Cell Anemia

    • Hydration decreases the viscosity of the blood, which helps lower the risk of sickling due to venous stasis.
    • Mild activity is encouraged to maintain muscle tone and build activity tolerance.
    • Postural drainage does not benefit a child with sickle cell anemia.

    Safe Food Choices

    • Mashed potatoes are a safe food choice for children, as they are soft and have a low risk of choking.
    • Raw carrots, popcorn, and watermelon with seeds can cause choking in children younger than 4 years of age.

    Postoperative Care

    • Lethargy is a priority finding in a child who has undergone a ventriculoperitoneal shunt, as it can indicate a decreased level of consciousness or increasing intracranial pressure.
    • The child should lie flat on the unaffected side to avoid pressure on the shunt valve.
    • A urine output of 50 mL in 2 hours indicates adequate renal function.

    Bedwetting

    • Regression of toilet training is an expected behavior in children who are hospitalized, and they will regain bladder control when their health improves.

    Cast Care

    • The nurse should perform neurovascular checks of the affected extremity first, as the greatest risk to the client is injury from impaired circulation due to constriction.

    Laryngotracheobronchitis

    • The nurse should monitor for increased stridor, restlessness, and heart rate to detect an impending airway obstruction.

    Vaccine Administration

    • The MMR vaccine is given in two doses, with the first dose administered at 12 to 15 months of age and the second dose typically given prior to school entry at 4 to 6 years of age.

    Pyloric Stenosis

    • A client with pyloric stenosis exhibits metabolic alkalosis, projectile vomiting, and muscle wasting and weight loss.
    • The nurse should expect to find projectile vomiting, which is usually mild at first, but becomes more forceful.

    Temper Tantrums

    • The parent should ignore the toddler's attention-seeking behavior, so the child realizes that expressing themselves in this way is not an effective way to communicate.

    Lumbar Puncture

    • The nurse should position the toddler on his side in a fetal position with his knees curled to his abdomen and his chin tucked to his chest.

    IV Catheter Insertion

    • The nurse should first ask the child what they know about the procedure to determine how to better direct the remaining preparations.

    Toxic Shock Syndrome

    • TSS is commonly associated with the use of highly absorbent tampons.

    Pediculosis Capitis

    • Firmly attached white particles on the hair (eggs or nits) are a definitive indication of pediculosis capitis.### Otitis Media
    • Causes of otitis media are viral or bacterial in nature, not related to hydration status or earwax.
    • Allergies to common irritants like smoke can cause congestion and chronic otitis media.

    Opportunistic Infections

    • Candidiasis (oral thrush) is an opportunistic infection that can occur in children with compromised immune systems, such as those with AIDS.
    • Candidiasis is often the initial opportunistic infection noted in children with AIDS.

    Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation

    • In a child with disseminated intravascular coagulation, the nurse should apply an ice pack to the bridge of the nose to decrease bleeding and improve clot formation.
    • The child should sit up and tilt their head forward to reduce blood pressure in the nasal vessels and prevent blood from entering the nasopharynx.

    Postoperative Care

    • To encourage a child to take deep breaths after abdominal surgery, the nurse should engage the child in play, such as blowing cotton balls across the table.
    • The nurse should not make punitive remarks or threaten the child, as this can create anxiety and delay recovery.

    Dehydration

    • In a child with dehydration, the nurse should identify hypokalemia (potassium level < 3.4 mEq/L) as a priority, as it can lead to cardiac dysrhythmias or cardiac arrest.

    Communication with Hearing-Impaired Children

    • When communicating with a hearing-impaired child, the nurse should speak slowly, face the child, and avoid speaking loudly, as this can distort sounds.

    Sickle Cell Crisis

    • In a child with a sickle cell crisis, the nurse should manage pain with opioids, maintain hydration, and avoid restricting fluids or encouraging exercise.
    • Blood transfusions may be necessary to treat anemia and decrease the viscosity of the blood.

    Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt

    • After a ventriculoperitoneal shunt, the nurse should place the child flat on the nonoperative side to prevent pressure on the shunt valve.

    Adolescent Development

    • During an annual health screening, the nurse should explore concerns about peer relationships, as developing a peer group is critical to adolescent development and self-esteem.

    Terminal Illness

    • In a terminally ill adolescent who refuses treatment, the nurse should facilitate a discussion between the parent and the adolescent to resolve their differences in opinion regarding treatment.

    Tetralogy of Fallot

    • In an infant with Tetralogy of Fallot, fatigue is caused by inadequate oxygenation for supporting energy metabolism.

    Psychosocial Development

    • In a 10-year-old child, a desire to perform well in school indicates a sense of accomplishment and meets the psychosocial development expectations of a school-age child.

    Dehydration and IV Therapy

    • To monitor an infant's response to IV therapy, the nurse should weigh the infant at the same time every day, as weight is the most sensitive indicator of hydration status.

    Vaccination

    • The nurse should question the administration of a diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis (DTaP) vaccine if the child has a high fever (e.g., 40.5°C or 104.9°F) after the last DTaP vaccine.

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    Description

    A quiz on primary care of children, covering health promotion and pediatric topics. This quiz is designed for a well-child visit and includes questions on pediatric health.

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