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Questions and Answers
What is the primary purpose of health assessment in pediatric care?
What is the primary purpose of health assessment in pediatric care?
What type of information is gathered during the review of systems or head-to-toe approach?
What type of information is gathered during the review of systems or head-to-toe approach?
What is the purpose of asking open-ended questions during the initial assessment?
What is the purpose of asking open-ended questions during the initial assessment?
What is an indicator of malnutrition or vitamin A and D deficit or excess during a nutritional assessment?
What is an indicator of malnutrition or vitamin A and D deficit or excess during a nutritional assessment?
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What is included in a child's past history?
What is included in a child's past history?
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What is the first step in conducting a health assessment of a child?
What is the first step in conducting a health assessment of a child?
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What is a method used to assess dietary intake during a nutritional assessment?
What is a method used to assess dietary intake during a nutritional assessment?
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Which of the following is an indicator of dehydration or fluid overload during a nutritional assessment?
Which of the following is an indicator of dehydration or fluid overload during a nutritional assessment?
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What is an indicator of insufficient or excess intake during a nutritional assessment?
What is an indicator of insufficient or excess intake during a nutritional assessment?
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What is a factor that can impact food choices during a nutritional assessment?
What is a factor that can impact food choices during a nutritional assessment?
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Study Notes
Pediatric Health Assessment
- Health assessment provides essential information for diagnosing client conditions and planning effective care for the client and family.
Pediatric Stages
- No specific information provided in the text.
Principles of Child Communication
- No specific information provided in the text.
Pediatric Systematic Assessment
- Any assessment involves collecting two kinds of data.
- Child history includes:
- Demographic-biographical information (child's name, age, address/phone number, caregiver's name).
- Current state of health (present history, e.g., fatigue, pain, weight gain or loss, activity tolerance, abilities or disability in communication, mobility, pain, etc.).
- Type of onset (sudden, gradual), duration, and timing.
- Predisposing factors, pain site and radiation, complaints characteristics (amount, consistency), severity, and frequency.
- Investigation done and current state (feeding, urine and stool passing, activity, sleeping).
Review of Systems or Head-to-Toe Approach
- This approach is used to assess the child's systems.
Chief Complaint
- The chief complaint determines why the child was brought in for examination.
- It could be symptoms, signs, or abnormal laboratory test results.
- Start with open questions (e.g., "What's the main problem?", "How is he?").
Past History
- Provides background for the problem and any additional problems the child may have experienced.
- Includes acute or chronic conditions, surgical procedures, immunization, medication, hospitalization, prenatal, perinatal, and antenatal history.
Psychosocial Assessment
- Habits:
- Sleep pattern (difficulty sleeping or excess sleep could indicate depression, drug reaction, or pain or discomfort from disease).
- Eating habits (frequency and type of food intake; can reveal eating disorders, obesity, or malnutrition).
- Substance abuse:
- Drugs, tobacco, or alcohol (current or past); determine frequency and amount or usage.
- Sexual activity:
- Assess even in younger children (as young as age 8 or 9).
Nutritional Assessment
- Assessment involves physical examination, biochemical perspective, and dietary intake.
- Evaluate:
- Nutrition habits and variety of food types.
- Factors impacting food choices, fast-food choices, and economic barriers.
- Adequacy of intake of nutrients from all food groups.
- Consider:
- Economic assessment (financial deficit limiting ability to buy food).
- Overweight (85–95% for body mass index [BMI]) on growth chart percentile.
- Obesity (weight above 95th percentile for BMI); family eating habits play a large part in childhood obesity.
Clinical Examination
- Chart weight, height, and head circumference (for infants) on a growth chart.
- Calculate body mass index (BMI): Weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared.
- Assess for:
- Delay of development of secondary sex characteristics (breasts in girls, pubic hair, testes) indicating malnutrition or vitamin A and D deficit or excess.
- Skin changes (loss of skin turgor, elasticity, or edema, swelling, or puffiness indicating dehydration or fluid overload).
- Delayed wound healing (poor protein intake/malnutrition).
- Flabby skin or stretch marks indicating malnutrition.
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Description
This quiz assesses understanding of pediatric health assessment, including deviation from normal range, assessment steps, pediatric stages, and principles of child communication.
