Pediatric Dentistry Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What are the main advantages of using a Rubber Dam for the patient?

Protection from swallowing/aspirating foreign objects and assists the child in keeping the mouth open

Protection from swallowing/aspirating foreign objects and softer tissue protection

Assists in keeping the mouth open and a more comfortable dental treatment

Protection from swallowing/aspirating foreign objects, soft tissue protection and a more comfortable dental treatment (correct)

What are the advantages of using a Rubber Dam for the dentist?

Moisture control, saliva & blood contamination, protection from air born infections, and better accessibility and visibility (correct)

Moisture control, protection from airborne infection and better accessibility and visibility

Moisture control, saliva & blood contamination and protection from air born infections

Moisture control, saliva & blood contamination and better accessibility and visibility

What are the contraindications for using a Rubber Dam?

A patient with an upper respiratory tract infection and a latex allergy

A patient with an upper respiratory tract infection and a patient who breaths through their mouth

A patient with a latex allergy and a patient who breathes through their mouth

All of the above are contraindications (correct)

What type of clamps are use for primary incisors?

00 and 0 Ivory (C) Signup and view all the answers

What type of clamps are used for the first permanent molar?

14Α Ivory (A) Signup and view all the answers

What are the most common Rubber Dam placement methods?

Clamp + Elastic sheet or Rubber Dam frame (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the main morphological differences between primary and permanent teeth?

Primary teeth have a smaller crown size and a buccal and lingual surface that converge to the occlusal surface (D) Signup and view all the answers

What are the modifications for adhesive cavity preparations in primary teeth as compared to permanent teeth?

There are modifications in both primary and permanent teeth (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following conditions would be a contraindication for performing a pulpectomy in a primary tooth?

Non-cooperative patient (C), Medically compromised patient (D) Signup and view all the answers

A pulpectomy is indicated in primary teeth when the pulp is:

Irreversibly inflamed or non-vital (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended working length for a pulpectomy in a primary tooth?

2 mm from the apex (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following obturation materials for primary teeth has the highest prevalence of hypoplastic anomalies for the crown of permanent teeth?

ZnO-E (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a clinical finding that would suggest pulpectomy is necessary in primary teeth?

Vital pulp with reversible pulpitis (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended success rate for a pulpotomy with MTA in primary teeth over 2 years?

90% (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended success rate for a pulpectomy in a primary tooth using ZOE within 18 months?

92% (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended success rate for a pulpectomy in a primary tooth using ZOE/Iodoform/CH within 18 months?

93% (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a recommended obturation material for pulpectomy in primary teeth?

MTA (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary indication for using LSTR (Long-Term Space-Maintenance Retention) for primary teeth?

Primary teeth with irreversible pulpitis and root resorption > 1/3 (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following pulpal management methods is appropriate for deep caries with a vital, restorable tooth, exhibiting no signs of periapical or intra radicular pathology?

Indirect pulp capping (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a major challenge associated with performing a pulpectomy in primary teeth?

Ensuring the permanent tooth bud is not damaged during the procedure (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which pulpal management method has the highest success rate in primary teeth according to the provided content?

Pulpectomy with ZOE (18 months) (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant shortcoming of using ZOE as an obturation material in primary molars?

It can increase the risk of hypoplastic anomalies in the permanent teeth (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which obturation material is a combination of zinc oxide, barium sulphate, and iodoform?

Endoflas (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is NOT an indication for using full coverage crowns when restoring anterior primary teeth?

Healthy enamel (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is a key disadvantage of using strip crowns for restoring anterior primary teeth?

Technique sensitive (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an advantage of using strip crowns for restoring anterior primary teeth?

Excellent parental satisfaction (B) Signup and view all the answers

What materials are recommended for restoring class III cavities in anterior primary teeth?

Composite, RMGI (D) Signup and view all the answers

When restoring class V cavities in anterior primary teeth, which materials are NOT recommended?

Amalgam (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which is NOT an indication for prefabricated stainless steel crowns in pediatric dentistry?

Cosmetic enhancement (D) Signup and view all the answers

What indicates that a stainless steel crown (SSC) may be necessary for a 9-year-old patient?

Fracture risk due to remaining tooth structure (C) Signup and view all the answers

For a restoration that requires an isthmus distance greater than ½ the intercuspal distance, which crown type is likely indicated?

Prefabricated stainless steel crown (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of cavitation that necessitates operative intervention?

Cavity extending into the pulp (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which statement correctly describes the prevalence of cavitation after tooth separation for primary teeth?

60% prevalence after separation (D) Signup and view all the answers

What type of lesions does resin infiltration mainly address?

Buccal and interproximal smooth surface early carious lesions (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT true regarding determining cavitation status?

Cavitation must always be clinically detectable. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which anatomical area has the highest prevalence of cavitation after tooth separation?

Outer 1/3 of dentin (A) Signup and view all the answers

What type of cement is recommended for cementing a Stainless Steel Crown (SSC)?

Resin Modified Glass Ionomer Cement (RMGI) (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended application frequency for Silver Diamine Fluoride (SDF)?

Every 6 months for 2 years (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a clinical effect of SDF?

Tooth whitening (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the cut-off category for diagnosing a cavitated caries lesion when using the International Caries Detection Assessment System (ICDAS) II?

ICDAS 5 (A) Signup and view all the answers

According to the ICDAS II, what are the characteristics of an ICDAS 3 carious lesion?

Localized enamel breakdown (without clinical visual signs of dentinal involvement) (C) Signup and view all the answers

What does SMART stand for in the minimally invasive treatment approach for cavities?

Silver Modified Atraumatic Restorative Treatment (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following steps is NOT part of the Hall technique for treating carious primary molars?

Apply topical fluoride varnish to the affected tooth (B) Signup and view all the answers

How many categories are used to evaluate caries in the ICDAS?

6 categories (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of these advantages is TRUE for stainless steel crowns (SSC) for primary teeth?

Less prone to fractures (A), No secondary caries (B), Minimal maintenance (C), Long term durability (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a common disadvantage of using stainless steel crowns (SSC) for primary teeth?

Poor esthetics (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following situations is NOT a contraindication for placing a stainless steel crown (SSC) on a primary molar?

Teeth with a large, deep cavity that can be restored with other materials (D) Signup and view all the answers

According to the provided information, which restorative material has the highest annual failure rate?

Amalgam (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is an advantage of the Hall Crown technique compared to traditional stainless steel crowns (SSC)?

Hall crowns require less tooth preparation (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the statements is TRUE about the Hall Crown technique, based on the provided information?

It is a common procedure in the UK, where SSCs are less popular (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential disadvantage of using the Hall Crown technique?

Discomfort during the placement process (D) Signup and view all the answers

What does the provided information suggest about the success rate of the Hall Crown technique?

It has a high success rate, with most crowned teeth remaining asymptomatic after several years (D) Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Pediatric Dentistry Review Pedo II F 2023

Presented by Katerina Kavvadia DDS, MS, PhD, Diplomate ABPD and Konstantina Taoufik DDS, MS, PhD, of the European University Cyprus School of Dentistry.

Morphologic & Histologic Differences in Primary vs. Permanent Teeth

Primary teeth are smaller in all dimensions and have thinner enamel compared to permanent teeth.
Pulp exposure risk is higher, especially in the mesial pulp horn.
Interproximal boxes are extended into proximal self-cleansing areas of interproximal surfaces rather than contact points. This helps to avoid recurrent caries.
Primary teeth have longer and thinner roots, diverging outward to make space for the permanent tooth germ.
Root resorption and exfoliation are physiologic processes.
Pulp in primary teeth is closer to the outer surface. Mesial is closer than distal. Pulp is porous: accessory canals lead directly into interradicular furcation. Pathology often affects the interradicular area, unlike the less affected permanent teeth.

Pulp Differences

Apical foramen is enlarged in primary teeth, but restricted in permanent teeth.
Inflammatory response is higher in primary teeth, Lower in permanent teeth
Nerve fibers terminate in primary teeth at the odontoblastic area, while they extend beyond pre-dentin in permanent teeth.
Localized orofacial infection is less localized in primary teeth.
Pulp horns are nearer to the occlusal surface in primary teeth.
Repair potential of pulp is high in primary teeth but less in permanent teeth.

Tooth Isolation in Pediatric Dentistry

Essential tools & materials for placing rubber dam include: elastic sheet, punch, forceps, clamps, dental floss, rubber dam frame, and excavator.
Advantages for patients include: protection from swallowing foreign objects, protection of soft tissues, assistance in keeping mouth open and creating a more comfortable experience.
Advantages for dentists include: moisture control, preventing saliva & blood contamination, creating an aseptic environment, better accessibility & visibility, higher quality adhesive restorations, and less fogging of the mirror.
Contraindications for rubber dam use include: upper respiratory tract infection, congestion, epilepsy, mouth breathing and latex allergy (only regarding latex sheet).

Clamps in Pediatric Dentistry

Specific clamps are used for anterior and posterior primary teeth.
Specific clamp types are listed, alongside the teeth they're used for.

Rubber Dam Placement Methods

Common methods include clamp + elastic sheet + rubber dam frame.

Restorative Materials in Pediatric Dentistry

Materials advised for primary teeth: Composite and RMGI.
Materials advised for Class III cavities: Composite and RMGI.
Materials advised for Class V cavities: Composite, conventional GIC and RMGI.
Success rates of CL I and CL II primary molar fillings when placed under rubber dam, over 4 years in service: 93.6%.

Bisphenol A (BPA)

Trace amounts of BPA derivatives are released from dental resins and are detectable up to 3 hours in saliva.
Some BPA derivatives may pose health risks due to their estrogenic properties.
BPA exposure reduction can be achieved by cleaning filled surfaces with pumice and cotton roll and rinsing with water.
Using a rubber dam can reduce potential exposure to BPA.

Retrieval Practice Questions & Answers

Various retrieval practice questions and answers related to pediatric dentistry topics from restorative materials to rubber dam, and dental issues like cavities.

Tooth Isolation Methods

Methods include: Rubber Dam, Dry Angle, Cotton Roll holder and Isolite.

ICDAS II

The ICDAS II caries diagnostic criteria system is used for diagnosing and evaluating various types of caries.
Six categories are used to evaluate dental caries.
A numerical value for caries diagnosis is determined at different levels of cavity and dentin depth.

Pit and Fissure Management

Management of healthy pits & fissures: Monitoring and topical fluoride.
Management of moderate caries: Therapeutic sealant or PRR.
Management of advanced caries: Selective caries removal (vital teeth) and restoration.
Recommended Materials for sealing: Glass ionomer, Resin composite

Surgical Methods

Vital pulp management: Includes indirect pulp capping, direct pulp capping, pulpotomy, pulpectomy and LSTR.
Non-vital pulp management: Includes extraction.
Indications for pulpectomy: Irreversible inflamed or non-vital pulp, restorable tooth, root resorption <1/3 of root and cooperative patient (2nd primary molars in particular, and anteriors for aesthetics).

Splinting

Splinting is required for certain types of trauma in permanent teeth, including extrusion, lateral luxation, intrusion, root fracture, alveolar fracture.
Splinting is indicated for 4 weeks in injuries like lateral luxation and alveolar fracture.

Pulp/Dental Trauma Treatment

Indicators for enamel-dentin-pulp fracture treatments: Direct pulp capping (DPC) and Cvek pulpotomy

Other Notes

Methods of performing RCT procedures and restorative materials recommended for different types of damage and their effectiveness/success rates.
Challenges in pulpectomy: Avoid damaging furcation or tooth bud through apex, non-cooperative patients, and medically compromising patients.
The LSTR (laser) alternative treatment involves disinfection, for managing irreversible pulpitis (root resorption >1/3) with remaining serving time in the oral cavity up to 12 months.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the use of Rubber Dams in pediatric dentistry. This quiz covers the advantages for both patients and dentists, contraindications, and specific techniques related to primary and permanent teeth. Discover essential insights into pulpectomy and cavity preparations in children.