PED 351 Lecture 5: Flow Systems
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Questions and Answers

Which flow pattern is used when one operator works at each workstation?

  • End-to-end flow pattern (correct)
  • Odd-angle flow pattern
  • Circular flow pattern
  • Front-to-front flow pattern

What is a characteristic of flow within a process department?

  • Workstations are arranged in random order
  • Minimal flow should occur between workstations (correct)
  • Flow occurs only in aisles
  • Constant flow between all workstations

What determines the preferred workstation-aisle arrangement pattern?

  • The number of employees present
  • The color of the workstations
  • The type of materials used
  • The orientation of workstations to the aisles (correct)

Which flow pattern is appropriate for an operator working on two workstations?

<p>Front-to-front flow pattern (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the presence of automated systems affect flow patterns within departments?

<p>They result in different flow patterns compared to manual systems. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the flow patterns used in a product department?

<p>Circular flow pattern (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor does NOT influence flow patterns within a department?

<p>Color of the workstations (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of flow pattern is characterized by an operator working on more than two workstations?

<p>Circular flow pattern (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a directed flow path?

<p>A flow path that is streamlined without interruptions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which principle aims to minimize unnecessary material movements?

<p>Minimization of costs of flow (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can flow be effectively minimized according to the given principles?

<p>By combining flows and operations where possible (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic is essential for designing flow within workstations?

<p>Simultaneous, symmetrical, natural, and rhythmical flow (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a recommended method for minimizing manual handling?

<p>Automating flow processes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a way to minimize flow?

<p>Permitting multiple unnecessary flows (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does reducing flow density through containerization help achieve?

<p>Minimization of material handling (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the ergonomic considerations for flow within workstations?

<p>Ensuring flow is rhythmical for comfort and productivity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of a Physical Distribution System (PDS)?

<p>Finished goods produced by a firm (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following resources is NOT typically associated with a Physical Distribution System?

<p>Human resources management (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main benefit of an efficient material flow design?

<p>Lower expenses and increased productivity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which principle focuses on creating an uninterrupted pathway from origin to destination in material flow systems?

<p>Maximization of directed flow paths (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the goal of flow planning in material flow systems?

<p>To integrate flow patterns and ensure smooth movement (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential outcome of not adhering to effective flow patterns?

<p>Delays and bottlenecks in operation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a type of communication typically involved in a Physical Distribution System?

<p>Product development schedules (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the minimization of flow contribute to material flow systems?

<p>By reducing transit time and delays (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step in the facilities planning process for manufacturing?

<p>Define the products to be manufactured. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes discrete flow?

<p>Movement of refrigerators from a manufacturer. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is included in a flow process description?

<p>Resources, communications, and subject of flow. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of flow predominantly involves the movement of individuals?

<p>People flow. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of flow systems, what is the primary function of communications?

<p>To facilitate the management of the flow process. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What sequence of steps is involved after generating alternative facilities plans?

<p>Select the preferred plan, implement it. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can flow be categorized?

<p>As discrete or continuous. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which activity is NOT part of the facilities planning process?

<p>Evaluating employee performance. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of the line flow pattern?

<p>It is most effective for assembly line type production. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes the spine flow pattern?

<p>It can be applied to both intra-department and inter-department flows. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What best describes the loop flow pattern?

<p>It features workstations positioned around a loop structure. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about tree flow patterns?

<p>They exhibit a branching structure for material flow. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which flow pattern would be least effective for a tightly packed assembly line?

<p>Tree flow pattern (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which flow pattern is a unidirectional or bidirectional material handling device used along a central spine?

<p>Spine flow pattern (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which flow patterns are primarily employed in the automotive industry?

<p>Line flow pattern (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic is NOT associated with loop flow patterns?

<p>Fixed flow direction of materials. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of a Material Management System (MMS)?

<p>The materials, parts, and supplies required to produce a product (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following resources is NOT typically associated with a Material Flow System (MFS)?

<p>Transportation for product delivery (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component is essential for the efficient operation of a Material Management System?

<p>Inventory records (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes the Physical Distribution System from the other flow systems?

<p>It involves the external flow of finished products. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which department is primarily involved in managing the flow of materials and supplies for production within a company?

<p>Production control department (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a communication example used in the Material Flow System?

<p>Production schedules (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the broader system that combines material management, material flow, and physical distribution?

<p>Logistics system (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of the Material Flow System, what does the term 'quality control' refer to?

<p>Ensuring products meet standards during manufacturing (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Directed Flow Path

A flow path without backtracking, making the process shorter.

Minimizing Flow

Reducing the movement of materials, information, or people using work simplification.

Eliminating Flow

Planning for materials, information, or people to go directly to the final step, reducing intermediate steps.

Minimizing Multiple Flows

Planning for flows between consecutive points using as few movements as possible, preferably one.

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Combining Flows/Operations

Combining the movement of materials, information, or people with processing steps.

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Minimizing Cost of Flow

Reducing the expenses associated with material movement.

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Flow within Workstations

Workstation flow designed for worker productivity, and worker comfort.

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Ergonomics Considerations (Workstation Flow)

Taking into account how workspaces and tools are used to prevent injuries and fatigue.

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Material Flow in Departments

The movement of materials within departments which depends on the type of department and product flow.

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Product Department Flow

Material flow within a department focused on the product's journey, using various patterns like end-to-end, back-to-back, or circular.

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Process Department Flow

Material flow in a department focusing on minimal flow between workstations.

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Workstation-aisle arrangement

The layout of workstations and aisles in consideration of material interaction, space, and material size.

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Automated Systems Flow

Material flow patterns are different when using conveyors, automated vehicles, robots, and other automated equipment.

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End-to-end Flow

Materials move from the start to the end of the production process without branching.

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Flow within Product & Process Departments

Flow patterns must be adjusted when considering material handling and automated systems.

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Workstation Types

Different flow patterns (e.g., end-to-end, front-to-front) depend on the number of workstations an operator manages. Different patterns apply for a single operator or operators working on multiple workstations.

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Line Flow

A sequential flow pattern, often used in assembly lines, like in the automotive industry.

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Spine Flow

A flow pattern with a central path (spine) for material handling, unidirectional or bidirectional.

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Loop Flow

A flow pattern where materials loop around workstations, unidirectional or bidirectional.

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Tree Flow

A flow pattern that branches out like a tree, often for complex processes.

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Material Flow System

The way materials move within departments or between them, considering handling.

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Flow within Departments

The movement of materials within one department, including material handling.

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Flow within Product Departments

The movement of materials within a department associated with a specific product.

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Flow within Process Departments

The movement of materials within a department focusing on a specific process.

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Flow Systems

The movement of goods, materials, energy, information, and/or people.

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Discrete Flow

Movement of individual, distinct items (e.g., products, orders, people).

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Continuous Flow

Movement of a continuous stream (e.g., electricity, oil).

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Product Flow

Movement of a product from origin to final customer.

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Information Flow

Movement of data, like orders, between departments.

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People Flow

Movement of people in a facility (e.g., patients, staff, visitors).

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Flow System Components

Flow systems have the subject of flow, resources to move it, and communications to manage the flow.

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Flow System Planning

Planning the movement of materials, information, and people through a facility.

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Material Management System (MMS)

The system for materials, parts, and supplies purchased to make a product, involving vendors, equipment, and departments like production control and purchasing.

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Material Flow System (MFS)

The system for materials and parts flowing within a manufacturing facility, involving production, assembly, and storage locations.

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Logistics System

The combined material management, flow, and distribution systems for a business.

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Physical Distribution System

The system for moving finished products from the manufacturing facility to customers.

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Production Forecasts

Predictions of how much of a product will be needed in the future.

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Inventory Records

Tracking of the materials, parts, and supplies on hand.

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Purchase Orders

Formal orders placed with vendors for supplies.

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Communication in manufacturing

The exchange of information (like production schedules, work orders, route sheets) within the manufacturing process.

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Flow Systems

The movement of goods, materials, information, and people within a system.

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Material Flow System

The movement of materials within a production facility or a department.

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Directed Flow Paths

Uninterrupted paths for materials from start to finish without intersections.

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Minimizing Flow

Reducing material movement as much as necessary.

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Minimizing Cost of Flow

Reducing expenses related to material movement.

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Physical Distribution System (PDS)

The system for moving finished goods from production to the customer.

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Flow system components

The components of a flow system include the subject of flow, resources to move it, and communication to manage the flow.

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Flow Planning

Designing efficient flow patterns for materials and people within a facility.

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Study Notes

Course Information

  • Course Title: PED 351 Facilities Planning and Material Handling
  • Semester: Fall 2024
  • Instructor: Dr. Hadi Fors
  • Lecture: Flow Systems (Lecture 5)

Outline

  • Introduction
  • Flow Systems
  • Material Flow System

Facilities Planning Process

  • Define products to be manufactured
  • Specify manufacturing processes and related activities
  • Determine interrelationships among all activities
  • Determine space requirements for all activities
  • Generate alternative facilities plans
  • Evaluate alternative facilities plans
  • Select the preferred facilities plan
  • Implement the facilities plan
  • Maintain and adapt the facilities plan
  • Update products and redefine facility objective

Flow Systems

  • Flow is defined as the movement of goods, materials, energy, information, and/or people.
  • Examples:
    • Product flow: Refrigerators from manufacturer to customer.
    • Information flow: Sales orders to production control.
    • People flow: Patients, staff, and visitors in a hospital.
    • Discrete flow: Products, orders, people
    • Continuous flow: Electric current, oil through a pipeline

Describing Flow Systems

  • Subject of flow (item to be processed)
  • Resources for flow (processing and transporting facilities)
  • Communications coordinating resources (procedures for management)

Categorizing Flow Systems

  • Discrete flow systems are categorized based on supply, manufacture, and distribution cycles.
  • Material management system (flow of materials into a manufacturing facility)
  • Material flow system (flow of materials, parts, and supplies within a manufacturing facility)
  • Physical distribution system (flow of products from a manufacturing facility)
  • Logistics system: Combination of above systems

Material Management System (MMS)

  • Subjects: Materials, parts and supplies purchased by a firm to produce its product.
  • Resources:
    • Vendors
    • Transportation and material handling equipment
    • Production control and purchasing departments
    • Receiving, storage, and accounting departments
    • Communications (forecasts, inventory records, purchase orders)

Material Flow System (MFS)

  • Subjects: Materials, Parts, Supplies used in manufacturing products within a facility
  • Resources:
    • Production control and quality control departments
    • Manufacturing, assembly, and storage departments
    • Material handling equipment
    • Factory warehouse
    • Communication (schedules, work orders, route sheets, assembly charts, warehouse records)

Flow System (Diagram)

  • Diagrams illustrate material movement, communication, resources and flow subjects.

Principles of Material Flow System

  • Maximization of directed flow paths
  • Minimization of flow
  • Minimization of flow costs

Flow within Workstations

  • Flow is designed to be simultaneous, symmetrical, natural and rhythmical.
  • Motion studies and ergonomics are important.

Flow within Departments

  • Dependent on the type of department
  • Flow patterns:
    • End-to-end, back-to-back, odd-angle, front-to-front, circular
  • Minimal flow between workstations within departments

Flow within Departments (Processes)

  • Flow in Process departments is influenced by material handling considerations, including automation.
  • Different flow patterns: Line flow, Spine flow, Loop flow, Tree flow

Flow Between Departments

  • Evaluate overall flow.
  • Key consideration: Pickup and delivery station location in departments.
  • Different flow patterns: Straight line, L-shaped, U-shaped, S-shaped, Circular.

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Related Documents

PED 351 Facilities Planning & Material Handling Lecture (5) Flow Systems - Fall 2024 PDF

Description

This quiz focuses on Flow Systems from the PED 351 course on Facilities Planning and Material Handling. It covers the definition, types of flow, and the planning process associated with material movement. Test your understanding of the key concepts in managing flow systems effectively.

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