Pearl Harbor Attack - 7 December 1941

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Questions and Answers

Who is the author of the article In Memoriam: Lieutenant Louis A. Conter, USN (Ret.) The Last Living Survivor of USS Arizona (BB-39)?

  • Aloysius H. Schmitt
  • Sam Cox (correct)
  • Joseph L. George
  • Doris Miller

What resource is available to learn about the submarine base at Pearl Harbor?

  • Pearl Harbor Revisited: U.S.Navy Communications Intelligence
  • Carrier Locations
  • Pearl Harbor Submarine Base: 1918-1945 (correct)
  • Building the Navy's Bases [For Pearl Harbor, please see chapter XXII (page 121)]

Which of these resources is dedicated specifically to the history of communications intelligence at Pearl Harbor?

  • Oral Histories
  • Ships Present at Pearl Harbor
  • Pearl Harbor Submarine Base: 1918-1945
  • Pearl Harbor Revisited: U.S.Navy Communications Intelligence (correct)

Where can someone find information about the location of carriers at Pearl Harbor?

<p>Carrier Locations (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which resource could provide insight into the impact of the attack on the American people?

<p>Oral Histories (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the provided information, what motivated the American people to commit to winning World War II?

<p>The attack on Pearl Harbor (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where can an individual find information about the strategic objective of the Japanese attack?

<p>The video sound bite by Cressman (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these could be classified as a primary source?

<p>Survivor Reports (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What date did the attack on Pearl Harbor occur?

<p>7 December 1941 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which branch of the military had the highest number of casualties during the attack?

<p>Navy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many U.S. Navy personnel were awarded the Medal of Honor for their acts during the attack?

<p>15 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main type of aircraft used in the surprise attack on Pearl Harbor?

<p>Carrier attack planes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the significant consequences of the attack on Pearl Harbor for the U.S. Navy?

<p>Sinking of five battleships (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of Japanese losses were experienced in terms of personnel during the attack?

<p>Less than 0.5% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many planes were destroyed from the U.S. military during the Pearl Harbor attack?

<p>188 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which individual was recognized for sacrificing his life to prevent an explosion during the attack?

<p>Chief Water Tender Peter Tomich (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is credited with saving the lives of many junior Sailors while swimming through burning oil?

<p>Hill (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant factor in the U.S. forces' inability to shoot down more Japanese aircraft during the attack?

<p>Inadequate antiaircraft weapons (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which battleship's turret crews were saved through the sacrifice of Ensign Francis Flaherty and Seaman J. Richard Ward?

<p>Battleship Oklahoma (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role did American aircraft carriers play during the attack on Pearl Harbor?

<p>They were absent from the harbor. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which ship was directed by Rear Admiral Isaac C. Kidd during the battle at Pearl Harbor?

<p>Battleship Arizona (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What sentiment did Americans feel following the attack on Pearl Harbor that contributed to the war effort?

<p>Shock and anger (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who among the following was killed while keeping power and ammunition flowing to antiaircraft guns?

<p>Chief Radioman Thomas J. Reeves (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which strategic facilities were spared from damage during the attack on Pearl Harbor?

<p>Fuel tank farms and naval yard repair facilities (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Hill's Sacrifice

Hill swam through burning oil to save junior Sailors before being killed.

Ensign Flaherty and Seaman Ward

They sacrificed their lives to help turret crews escape on the Oklahoma.

Chief Radioman's Actions

Reeves, Scott, and Jones kept power and ammo flowing despite mortal danger.

Admirals' Leadership

Kidd, Van Valkenburgh, and Bennion directed their ships' defenses until they were sunk.

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U.S. Antiaircraft Response

The U.S. antiaircraft fire was intense but inadequate against Japanese surprise attacks.

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Japanese Tactical Surprise

The Japanese attack took Americans by surprise due to better technology.

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Impact on U.S. Pacific Fleet

The attack damaged many ships but spared aircraft carriers, crucial for future battles.

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National Unity after Pearl Harbor

The attack united the U.S. in a commitment to victory in WWII.

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Pearl Harbor Attack

A surprise military strike by the Imperial Japanese Navy on December 7, 1941, targeting the U.S. Pacific Fleet and airfields at Pearl Harbor.

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USS Arizona

A battleship that was sunk during the Pearl Harbor attack, resulting in significant loss of life and damage.

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Japanese Aircraft Participation

A total of 353 Japanese aircraft participated in the attacks, including bombers and fighters.

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Casualties

Casualties from the attack totaled 2,403, including military and civilians killed or missing.

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Medal of Honor

The highest military award for valor in the U.S., given to 15 personnel for acts of courage during the Pearl Harbor attack.

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Chief Water Tender Peter Tomich

A sailor who died during the attack while preventing the boilers from exploding on the USS Utah.

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Acts of Valor

Numerous courageous actions taken by military personnel during the attack, often not recorded.

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Japanese Losses

During the attack, the Japanese suffered fewer than 100 men and lost 29 planes.

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Day of Infamy

Refers to December 7, 1941, when the attack on Pearl Harbor occurred, famously termed by President Franklin D. Roosevelt.

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LTJG Aloysius H. Schmitt

A Navy chaplain who was awarded the Silver Star for valor during the Pearl Harbor attack.

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BMC Joseph L. George

A Boatswain's Mate Chief awarded the Bronze Star for his courageous actions during the attack on Pearl Harbor.

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Doris Miller

An African American sailor recognized for his bravery during the attack; he manned a machine gun despite not being trained for combat.

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USS Arizona (BB-39)

A battleship that was heavily damaged and sunk during the Pearl Harbor attack, now a memorial site.

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U.S. Navy Communications Intelligence

The intelligence division responsible for intercepting Japanese communications prior to the attack, revealing strategic lapses.

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History of Pearl Harbor

Encompasses the events surrounding the naval base's establishment, its strategic importance, and the impact of the attack.

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Study Notes

Pearl Harbor Attack - 7 December 1941

  • A surprise attack by the Imperial Japanese Navy
  • Occurred on a Sunday morning
  • 353 Japanese aircraft from six carriers attacked
  • Attacked U.S. Pacific Fleet at Pearl Harbor
  • Attacked nearby naval and military airfields
  • Two waves of planes in the attack
  • Japanese planes were torpedo and high-level bombers and fighters
  • 5 battleships were sunk, 3 damaged
  • A gunnery training ship and 3 destroyers were damaged
  • 188 Navy aircraft, Marine Corps, and U.S. Army Air Force planes were destroyed
  • Casualties:
    • Navy: 2,008 killed or missing
    • Marine Corps: 109 killed or missing
    • Army: 218 killed or missing
    • Civilians: 68 killed or missing
    • Wounded:
      • Navy: 710
      • Marine Corps: 69
      • Army: 364
      • Civilians: 35
  • Japanese losses were fewer than 100 men and 29 planes
  • Sailors, Marines, and Soldiers showed extraordinary courage, often sacrificing their lives
  • Resources for Pearl Harbor remembrance are available, along with medals for valor awarded in 2017

Key Figures and Numbers

  • 353 Japanese aircraft
  • 188 U.S. aircraft destroyed
  • 2,008 Navy personnel killed or missing
  • 109 Marine Corps personnel killed or missing
  • 218 Army personnel killed or missing
  • 68 civilian casualties
  • 710 Navy personnel wounded
  • 69 Marine Corps personnel wounded
  • 364 Army personnel wounded
  • 35 civilian personnel wounded
  • 29 Japanese planes lost
  • 5 battleships sunk
  • 3 Battleships damaged
  • 3 Destroyers damaged

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