Questions and Answers
What is Chapter 1 about?
Assisting the Pharmacist in Serving Patients
What is the purpose of prescriptions and medication orders?
They are both means of communication between a prescriber (usually physician) and a medication dispenser (usually pharmacist).
What is a medication order?
A written request from a prescriber or a transcription of a verbal or telephone order in an inpatient facility.
What is a prescription?
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How many years are prescriptions required to be maintained in the pharmacy?
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What are generic names?
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What are brand names?
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What are legend, legacy, and prescription drugs?
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What are over-the-counter drugs?
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What are prescription abbreviations or sig codes used for?
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The abbreviation 'aa' means _____
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The abbreviation 'ac' means _____
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The abbreviation 'AD' means _____
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The abbreviation 'AS' means _____
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The abbreviation 'AU' means _____
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The abbreviation 'bid' means _____
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The abbreviation 'Buccal' refers to _____
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The abbreviation 'c' means _____
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The abbreviation 'ung' means _____
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The abbreviation 'u.d.' means _____
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The abbreviation 'gr' means _____
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The abbreviation 'pulv' means _____
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The abbreviation 'Cap' means _____
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The abbreviation 'g/Gal' means _____
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The abbreviation 'gm/GM/g' means _____
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The abbreviation 'gtt' means _____
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The abbreviation 'hs' means _____
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The abbreviation 'ic' means _____
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The abbreviation 'im' means _____
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The abbreviation 'KG/Kg' means _____
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The abbreviation 'L' means _____
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The abbreviation 'LB/Lb' means _____
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The abbreviation 'ML/mL' means _____
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The abbreviation 'NG/ng' means _____
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The abbreviation 'OD' means _____
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The abbreviation 'OS' means _____
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The abbreviation 'OU' means _____
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The abbreviation 'OZ/oz' means _____
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The abbreviation 'pc' means _____
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The abbreviation 'po' means _____
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The abbreviation 'top' means _____
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The abbreviation 'sig' means _____
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The abbreviation 'sol' means _____
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The abbreviation 'mEq' means _____
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The abbreviation 'DW' means _____
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The abbreviation 'pr' means _____
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The abbreviation 'prn' means _____
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The abbreviation 'pv' means _____
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The abbreviation 'q' means _____
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The abbreviation 'qAM' means _____
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The abbreviation 'qD' means _____
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The abbreviation 'qH/qh' means _____
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The abbreviation 'qHS/qhs' means _____
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The abbreviation 'QID/qid' means _____
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The abbreviation 'qOD' means _____
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The abbreviation 'qPM' means _____
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The abbreviation 'QS' means _____
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The abbreviation 'qWK' means _____
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The abbreviation 'ODT' means _____
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The abbreviation 'SL' means _____
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The abbreviation 'SQ' means _____
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The abbreviation 'stat' means _____
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The abbreviation 'TDS/tds' means _____
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The abbreviation 'TID/tid' means _____
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The abbreviation 'INj/inj' means _____
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The abbreviation 'IV/iv' means _____
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What information is usually included in medication order requirements?
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In what order do you complete medication orders?
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What are the steps for processing medication orders on the computer?
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What should you ask if you have served a patient before?
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What information do you need to gather from a new patient?
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What types of prescription can outpatient pharmacies receive?
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What is Coordination of Benefits?
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What does Medicare Part A cover?
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What does Medicare Part B cover?
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What does Medicare Part C do?
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What is Medicare Part D?
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What are some possible computer error messages?
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What should be included on drug labels?
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What are the steps to check out a patient?
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What is Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategy?
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What are Medication Guides?
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What types of questions may legally be answered by a pharmacist?
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What types of questions can only a pharmacist answer?
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What is the American Drug Index?
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What is Mosby's Drug Consult?
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What does The Physician's Desk Reference contain?
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What is Pharmacist's Pharmacopeia?
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What is meant by Extended Stability of Parenteral Drugs?
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What is the Orange Book?
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What is the Red Book?
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What is a Horizontal Laminar Airflow Workbench?
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What is a Vertical Laminar Airflow Workbench?
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What does HEPA stand for?
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Study Notes
Assisting the Pharmacist
- Chapter 1 focuses on the pharmacy technician's role in patient care.
Prescriptions and Medication Orders
- Serve as a communication link between prescribers (usually physicians) and dispensers (usually pharmacists).
Medication Orders
- Written requests from a prescriber in inpatient settings, commonly found in hospitals.
Prescriptions
- Written requests in outpatient facilities, especially for patients who self-administer medications at home.
Record Keeping
- Federal law mandates prescriptions be archived for a minimum of 2 years.
Drug Nomenclature
- Generic Names: Unchanging identifiers for drugs and chemicals.
- Brand Names: Pharmaceuticals' trademarks for specific medication formulas.
Drug Classifications
- Legend Drugs: Require a prescription and must be dispensed by licensed pharmacies.
- Over-the-Counter Drugs: Available without a prescription as long as they bear appropriate labeling.
Prescription Abbreviations
- Common sig codes used in prescriptions rooted in Latin.
Key Abbreviations
- aa: Of each
- ac: Before meals
- bid: Twice daily
- qAM: Every morning
- prn: As needed
Medication Order Requirements
- Essential components include patient name, identification number, drug information, dosage, administration route, and physician's details.
Processing Medication Orders
- Identify patients, verify allergy information, enter order details into the system, and label medications accurately.
Outpatient Pharmacy Protocols
- Verify prior patient interaction and gather comprehensive data for new patients, including contact info and health history.
Coordination of Benefits
- Important in determining primary and secondary payers when multiple insurance plans are involved.
Medicare Overview
- Part A: Covers inpatient hospital services.
- Part B: Covers outpatient services, requiring a monthly premium.
- Part C: Combines Parts A and B with possible prescription benefits.
- Part D: Provides prescription drug coverage.
Computer Error Messages
- Common issues include refill errors, drug interactions, and invalid identification.
Labeling Rules
- Avoid using abbreviations on labels meant for patient use; abbreviations reserved for prescriptions and orders.
Drug Labels Essential Information
- Should outline directions, dosage, frequency, duration, and indication.
Patient Checkout Procedures
- Confirm patient identity, offer counseling, comply with HIPAA regulations, and manage patient acknowledgment of privacy policies.
Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategy
- A strategy to manage risks associated with medications while ensuring patient access to necessary drugs.
Medication Guides
- Required for restricted-use drugs, providing crucial information on side effects and administration.
Pharmacist vs. Technician Responsibilities
- Technicians can answer general inquiries, while pharmacists handle complex questions regarding drug interactions and patient-specific concerns.
Drug Information References
- Primary references are original research articles; secondary are scholarly indexes; tertiary includes daily-use sources for general information.
Drug Indices and Guides
- American Drug Index: Comprehensive drug nomenclature.
- Mosby's Drug Consult: Organized by generic names with detailed information.
- Physician's Desk Reference: Package inserts with drug effects, indications, and dosage.
Airflow Workbenches
- Horizontal Laminar AirFlow: Moves filtered air forward, critical area is behind sterilized objects.
- Vertical Laminar AirFlow: Protects compounders from harmful drugs, critical area is above sterilized objects.
HEPA Filters
- High-Efficiency Particulate Air filters that ensure cleanliness in compounding environments.
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Description
Prepare for the PCTB exam with these study notes focusing on Chapter 1, which emphasizes assisting pharmacists in serving patients. The flashcards cover key concepts like prescriptions and medication orders, enhancing your understanding of pharmacy communication. Ideal for students and professionals wanting to master essential pharmacy knowledge.