Questions and Answers
What does the stiffness factor of pavement (S.F.) depend on?
A natural harbor is engineered to provide shelter from storms.
False
What is the formula for calculating pavement thickness in terms of expansion pressure?
t = expansion pressure / pavement density
A solid structure which projects into the sea perpendicular to the shore is called a ______.
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Which of the following describes a refuge harbor?
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Match the following terms to their definitions:
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Define an artificial harbor.
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Lighthouses are built primarily to provide living accommodations for sailors.
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Study Notes
Thickness of Pavement
- Thickness of pavement can be calculated using the formula:
( t = \frac{\text{expansion pressure}}{\text{pavement density}} )
Stiffness Factor of Pavement
- The stiffness factor (S.F.) indicates pavement rigidity, calculated as:
( S.F. = \frac{3 \sqrt{E_s}}{E_p} )
where ( E_s ) represents the modulus of elasticity of the subgrade and ( E_p ) represents the modulus of elasticity of the pavement.
Harbor and Port Definitions
- Ports: Harbors equipped with facilities for efficient cargo and passenger movement, including wharves and handling machinery.
- Harbor: A safe water body for ships, providing shelter during storms and other natural conditions.
- Natural Harbor: A naturally protected harbor formed by land contours or islands, allowing navigation.
- Artificial Harbor: A harbor shielded by engineered structures.
- Commercial Harbor: A harbor with specialized terminal facilities for trade.
- Refuge Harbor: A haven used during stormy weather for vessel safety.
Marine Infrastructure
- Wharf: A platform extending into the water, parallel to the shore, used for vessel berthing.
- Jetty: A structure extending into the sea, built perpendicularly to the shore for vessel berthing.
- Pier: A platform over water supported by piles, offering access to ships or boats while providing security.
- Lighthouse: Tall towers with light signals, guiding vessels near ports and hazardous areas (reefs, shoals).
- Breakwater: A protection structure built around a harbor to shield interior waters from storm waves.
- Revetment: Structures designed to safeguard riverbanks against erosion.
- Levee: An embankment along river sides to prevent flooding and protect adjacent land.
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Description
This quiz covers essential pavement engineering concepts including the thickness of pavement related to expansion pressure and the calculation of the stiffness factor of pavement. Test your understanding of the underlying principles and definitions related to pavement design.
