Patrol Procedures Chapter 35 Flashcards
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Questions and Answers

What are critical homicide considerations?

Is a homicide in progress actually occurring? Can the suspect be located? If the suspect is located, can he be positively identified? How many suspects are involved? What type of floor plan or environment is involved? When wounded persons or others attempting to flee and hide from the suspect are encountered, how will they be handled?

Numerous people throughout the danger area and the inner perimeter potential victims fleeing and hiding, hysteria when encountering people are included in what to expect from the _________ when encountering a homicide in progress.

situation

What are the expected emotions during the aftermath of an active shooter scenario?

Self-doubt, grief, anguish, and Monday morning quarterbacking.

How many officers does the immediate action plan employ?

<p>Contact team vs rescue team</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of a proactive search team dedicated to locating and eliminating deadly conduct?

<p>Contact team</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the main objectives of the contact team?

<p>Stop the deadly behavior, limit the suspect's movement, prevent escape, continue past victims, provide intelligence to other teams.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The _____________ team is a slow-moving and methodical team whose mission is to search for and recover downed citizens or officers.

<p>rescue</p> Signup and view all the answers

An entry team, whether rescue or contact, should be in the formation of a diamond or linear T.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

A four-man team is made up of which positions?

<p>Point man, left flank, right flank, rear guard.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is responsible for radio contact and communications in the four-man entry team?

<p>Left flank or man #1</p> Signup and view all the answers

The rear guard acts as security for the team.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

At what point does the point man switch roles and become the rear guard for the team?

<p>During egress</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is typically the team leader?

<p>The point man</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of crowd assembles for a common purpose without leadership?

<p>Cohesive</p> Signup and view all the answers

Political rallies and picket lines are usually indicative of what type of crowd?

<p>Expressive crowd</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of crowd is assembled for some purpose and has the most propensity to become a mob?

<p>Aggressive</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the objectives of patrol?

<ul> <li>To preserve the peace by mere presence and by proper action - To prevent crime by opportunity reduction; duty to prevent - To suppress crime by timely response to crimes in progress and by properly investigating offenses - To apprehend suspects - To regulate non-criminal conduct by obtaining and maintaining good officer to citizen relationships to protect life and property</li> </ul> Signup and view all the answers

In the realm of the importance of patrol, protection can be best described as ___________________________.

<p>prevention of crime is the soundest of all criminological theories.</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the realm of the importance of patrol, service can be best described as ____________________________.

<p>to the community of which each peace officer is a part.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most important factor in officer survival?

<p>Mental conditioning</p> Signup and view all the answers

The transition from civilian workforce to police work does not require any type of mental conditioning as it is the same essential job duty.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the factors involved in physiological preparedness?

<ul> <li>Attitude development and preparation - Sociological and physiological maturity - Both formal and informal education - Personal value system</li> </ul> Signup and view all the answers

What attitudes should an officer avoid developing that are counterproductive to job performance?

<ul> <li>Isolation and ostracizing others - Becoming paranoid and regarding all people suspiciously or as potential criminals - Withdrawing from or failing to be a normal part of the community</li> </ul> Signup and view all the answers

Cleanliness, personal grooming, uniform, personal equipment and personal actions ______ included in physical preparation for each shift.

<p>are</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the uniform dynamics that are part of the physical preparation for each shift that should be checked?

<ul> <li>Tailor to fit as well as possible - Clean, pressed and in good repair - Shined footwear - Well maintained duty belt - Name tag</li> </ul> Signup and view all the answers

Personal grooming includes: Fresh shave, Neat, Clean hair, Clean fingernails.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should handcuffs be?

<p>Cleaned and operational, with keys readily available for use.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Body armor __________ worn at all times by each officer, while on duty.

<p>should be</p> Signup and view all the answers

What must side arms be?

<p>Clean, operational and fully loaded.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Maintaining good posture is a key component of which category of physical preparation?

<p>Personal action.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the elements of physical preparation?

<ul> <li>Cleanliness - Personal grooming - Uniform - Personal equipment - Personal actions</li> </ul> Signup and view all the answers

What are the elements of shift orientation?

<ul> <li>Duty assignment - Related circumstances which would be: warrants, current stolen property/vehicle lists, hazardous situations and special events.</li> </ul> Signup and view all the answers

The following elements are part of what? Area and its socio-economic and geographic characteristics, conditions, crime hazards, crimes committed.

<p>Beat characteristics that the officer should know early on in assignment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Familiarization with known offenders has what effect on the probability of arrest?

<p>Increases the probability.</p> Signup and view all the answers

An officer should perform a(n) ______________________ to ensure that all of the gear, equipment and vehicle(s) are in working order prior to starting his/her shift.

<p>equipment readiness check</p> Signup and view all the answers

The proper procedure an officer should follow when he/she finds a non-working or unsafe piece of equipment should be _______________________ .

<p>Report or replace non-working or unsafe equipment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the color codes on the awareness scale?

<ul> <li>White - Yellow - Orange - Red - Black</li> </ul> Signup and view all the answers

The color code that represents the highest level of awareness is white?

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

The color code yellow describes an officer being "alert to their surroundings" which may include paying attention to what?

<ul> <li>Noises - Movement - Smells - Actions of others</li> </ul> Signup and view all the answers

What are the truths about the color code?

<ul> <li>The more time you spend in white, the greater your chances to become a statistic - The more time you spend in yellow and orange, the greater your chances are for survival - Condition yellow is a lifetime commitment for peace officers</li> </ul> Signup and view all the answers

Officers who are not vigilant or who have become complacent run a strong risk of ______________________________________.

<p>being injured or permitting a fellow officer to be seriously injured or killed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Officers should practice __________________ which includes imagining a scenario in their mind and anticipating how they should react.

<p>mental rehearsals</p> Signup and view all the answers

An officer should maintain constant _______ of their police sidearm (duty weapon).

<p>awareness</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the various kinds of hazards that are commonly encountered on patrol?

<ul> <li>Silhouetting - Telltale noises - Suspect's hands</li> </ul> Signup and view all the answers

Silhouetting is defined as ______________________________________.

<p>placing yourself, others or your patrol unit in a position as to provide the suspect(s) with a definite identifiable target.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are telltale noises?

<ul> <li>Vehicle, engine - Parking unit too close to the scene - Radio volume too loud - Seat belts/pop the buckle - Letting unit door slam shut - Equipment: radio, keys, whistles, baton, handcuffs, portable radio</li> </ul> Signup and view all the answers

When encountering a suspect on patrol, you _____________ allow the subject to put hands in pockets.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are things to be considered when encountering a suspect who has their hands in their pockets?

<ul> <li>Contraband (evidence) - Weapons - Identifiable markings, scars or tattoos</li> </ul> Signup and view all the answers

The two types of problem area patrols are _________ and _________________.

<p>preventative and apprehension</p> Signup and view all the answers

There are ______ different patrol methods.

<p>6</p> Signup and view all the answers

______________________ patrol advantages include: flexibility where use of motorized vehicles is impractical or impossible, high visibility and intense patrol.

<p>Bicycle</p> Signup and view all the answers

___________________ patrol advantages include: speed, mobility, visibility increases preventative potential, protection of officer, permits officer to carry extra equipment.

<p>Automobile</p> Signup and view all the answers

___________ patrol advantages include: immediate traffic control, person to person contact, good public/community relations, increase knowledge of physical beat, develop informants, increased knowledge of community needs and potential crime hazards.

<p>Foot</p> Signup and view all the answers

___________ patrol advantages include: person to person contact, good public/community relations, better mobility in crowded areas, visibility in a crowd.

<p>Mounted</p> Signup and view all the answers

_____________ patrol advantages include: quick response, flexibility to cover large area, can be used as escort units and are effective in traffic law enforcement.

<p>Motorcycle</p> Signup and view all the answers

______________ patrol advantages include: available in emergency situations, can cover enormous area, allow sky view of fleeing persons or vehicles, excellent apprehension tool when used with ground units.

<p>Fixed wing or helicopter</p> Signup and view all the answers

An officer should check a patrol vehicle for ____________________________________ before starting a shift?

<p>mechanical defects, contraband and weapons</p> Signup and view all the answers

Mounted patrol refers to an officer being mounted on what?

<p>horse</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a positive benefit of two officer patrol?

<p>Greater safety factor in sharing driving duties.</p> Signup and view all the answers

An officer develops more self-reliance when working in the one officer patrol method.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are applicable cases when dealing with pedestrian stops?

<ul> <li>Michigan V Chesternut - California V Hodari - Terry V Ohio - Brower V Inyo - Brown V Texas</li> </ul> Signup and view all the answers

In performing a pedestrian stop, it is important to utilize ________________ verbal communication skills.

<p>effective</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the proper techniques to be used while interviewing persons during field operations?

<ul> <li>One officer to One person - One officer to two or more persons - Two officers to one person - Two officers to two or more persons</li> </ul> Signup and view all the answers

In the one officer with one person technique, an officer's gun hand should remain _____________________.

<p>free when practical</p> Signup and view all the answers

In two officers, one person, each officer should question the suspect as they may have different questions.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the uses of the field inquiry?

<ul> <li>Used to learn about people - A vital source of information - Used to learn about places</li> </ul> Signup and view all the answers

What US amendment reflects the statement: 'The right of the people to be secure in their persons, house, papers and effects against unreasonable searches and seizures'?

<p>4th</p> Signup and view all the answers

Any situation where the officer is immediately deploying directly from the patrol vehicle defines what?

<p>vehicle stop</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two types of hazards encountered during a vehicle stop?

<p>Felonious and accidental.</p> Signup and view all the answers

A vehicle stop begins when an officer has __________________________ to detain a person or vehicle.

<p>Probable cause or reasonable suspicion</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the phases of the traffic stop?

<p>Beginning, middle and end.</p> Signup and view all the answers

When do most tactical changes occur during a stop?

<p>middle</p> Signup and view all the answers

There are ______ general categories of risk during a vehicle stop.

<p>3</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the acronym LOCAL stand for?

<p>Location, Occupants, Color, Auto, License</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the three risk levels of traffic or vehicle stops?

<ul> <li>Low - Unknown - High</li> </ul> Signup and view all the answers

What are the four basic positions for the patrol unit during a traffic stop?

<ul> <li>20' back and offset to the left - 20' back and offset to the right (not used for left side walk up) - 3' back and offset to the left - 3' back and offset to the right (not used for left side walk up)</li> </ul> Signup and view all the answers

In the Tactical vehicle stop how many steps are there?

<p>8</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the 7 step violator steps?

<ol> <li>Greeting and identification of police agency 2. Statement of violation committed 3. Identification of driver and check conditions of violator and vehicle 4. Statement of action to be taken 5. Take that action 6. Explain what the violator must do 7. Leave</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

What are the seven basic tactics for making contact with a violator?

<ol> <li>Standard right-side approach: contact is from passenger side window 2. Standard left side approach: contact is from the driver's side window (MOST COMMON) 3. Tactical right side walk up: officer goes around his unit and out of sight from the passenger side mirror 4. Tactical left side walk up: officer flares out wide, out of sight from the driver's side mirror and makes his approach at the transition point 5. Walk back: remove seatbelt, order the violator back into the unit with documents in hand 6. Walk through: same concept as the walk back, however the officer will position himself back around the passenger side door prior to giving commands 7. Low profile position: stress that time is on the officer's side</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

During the right side approach of a vehicle, which window does the officer make contact with the violator?

<p>Passenger</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common approach used by officers?

<p>Standard left side approach</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many officers should be present to search a vehicle?

<p>2</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the case law that sets standards for suspect pat downs?

<p>Terry V Ohio</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the case law that deals with having an imminent threat of public safety as justification for use of deadly force in a fleeing felon?

<p>Tennessee V Garner</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the 5 responses that can happen to an officer if fired upon?

<ul> <li>Bullet misses - Shot, but taken on the body armor - Non-fatal - Hits are normal, but the officer can still fight - Instant death</li> </ul> Signup and view all the answers

During prowler calls, burglary in progress calls and robbery in progress calls, officers should be on the lookout, during their approach for what?

<p>Fleeing suspects.</p> Signup and view all the answers

When checking a building where illegal entry is suspected, you should request that dispatch make contact with the property owner to advise what?

<ul> <li>Location of office - Safe and cash register</li> </ul> Signup and view all the answers

Upon entering a building to conduct a search, officers should NEVER secure their point of entry.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

You are on night shift and in your patrol district, which is largely commercial buildings; you encounter an open back door. The first thing you should do is ____________________.

<p>notify dispatch</p> Signup and view all the answers

When encountering an explosive device or package what should you do?

<ul> <li>Determine make up and population of area threatened - Determine if evacuation is necessary - Secure area and control entry of unauthorized persons</li> </ul> Signup and view all the answers

When encountering explosive device(s), you should determine whether or not there is/are ____________ for a search to be safely conducted.

<p>time</p> Signup and view all the answers

Another decision making factor would be whether or not the immediate area and/or surrounding areas should be ______________.

<p>evacuated</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a search has been authorized or deemed to proceed during encountering an explosive device(s), what should you try and obtain?

<ul> <li>Type of device - Common types of bombs or suspicious objects - Information from individuals familiar with the area - Proper search techniques</li> </ul> Signup and view all the answers

What do law enforcement need to try to obtain descriptions of in explosive devices?

<p>Mechanical and electrical components.</p> Signup and view all the answers

All radios must be turned off within __________ of any suspected or confirmed explosive devices.

<p>500 feet</p> Signup and view all the answers

The following describes what? "one or more persons who participate in a random or systematic shooting or stabbing spree...."

<p>active shooter</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does H.I.P.S stand for?

<p>Homicide in Progress School</p> Signup and view all the answers

An active shooter lacks the _______ to conceal his crime spree or intent to _________ apprehension.

<p>desire; escape</p> Signup and view all the answers

An active shooter may be using a mass murder as a final attempt at _______________ and "go out with a bang".

<p>notoriety</p> Signup and view all the answers

In active shooter events, immediate ______________ is required by police to save lives.

<p>action</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Patrol Objectives

  • Preserve peace through presence and action.
  • Prevent crime by reducing opportunities; duty to prevent.
  • Suppress crimes via timely response and thorough investigation.
  • Apprehend suspects.
  • Regulate non-criminal conduct, fostering good officer-citizen relationships.

Importance of Patrol

  • Crime prevention is foundational in criminology.
  • Service to community is crucial for peace officers.

Officer Preparedness

  • Mental conditioning is vital for officer survival.
  • Transition to police work requires mental preparation.

Physiological Preparedness Factors

  • Development of positive attitudes.
  • Sociological and physiological maturity.
  • Formal and informal education.
  • Strong personal value system.

Counterproductive Attitudes to Avoid

  • Isolation and ostracizing behaviors.
  • Developing paranoia towards the public.
  • Withdrawing from the community.

Physical and Uniform Preparation

  • Cleanliness, grooming, uniform check are essential pre-shift.
  • Uniform should fit well, be clean, pressed, and in good repair.
  • Footwear needs to be shined; duty belt should be well-maintained.

Safety and Readiness Checks

  • Handcuffs must be clean and operational.
  • Body armor should be worn at all times.
  • Side arms must be clean, operational, and fully loaded.

Shift Orientation and Beat Characteristics

  • Officers should know socio-economic and geographic factors of their area.
  • Key elements include warrants and crime hazards.

Vigilance and Awareness

  • Color codes on the awareness scale: white, yellow, orange, red, black.
  • Condition yellow emphasizes alertness to surroundings.

Patrol Types and Techniques

  • Two types of patrol: preventative and apprehension; six patrol methods exist.
  • Bicycle patrol offers flexibility; automobile patrol emphasizes speed and visibility.
  • Foot patrol promotes community relations; motorcycle patrol ensures quick response.
  • Fixed-wing or helicopter patrol provides aerial view and coverage.

Vehicle Stops and Traffic Safety

  • Risks during vehicle stops categorized as felonious and accidental.
  • The location, occupants, color, auto, and license are crucial for identification (LOCAL).

Encounters with Suspects

  • Maintain control; never allow suspects to put hands in pockets.
  • Consider potential hazards like weapons and contraband.

Pedestrian Stops and Communication

  • Effective verbal skills are crucial; adhere to proper techniques when interviewing.

Search and Seizure Law

  • Fourth Amendment protects against unreasonable searches and seizures.
  • Terry v. Ohio establishes standards for suspect pat-downs.

Homicide and Active Shooter Scenarios

  • Understand critical considerations during a homicide in progress.
  • Active shooters lack intent to conceal their actions and may seek notoriety.
  • Immediate police intervention is essential to save lives in active shooting situations.

Team Dynamics in Active Shooter Situations

  • Contact teams aim to eliminate deadly behavior; rescue teams focus on recovery of victims.
  • Entry teams form in a diamond or linear 'T' formation for effective operation.

Post-Incident Challenges

  • Expect self-doubt and emotional responses during the aftermath of active shooter events.### Tactical Roles in Teams
  • Point Man: Takes the lead, responsible for navigating and ensuring safety ahead; typically the team leader.
  • Left Flank (Man #1): Handles radio contact and communications while other officers operate during entry.
  • Right Flank: Supports the team by covering the right side; maintains overall awareness of surroundings.
  • Rear Guard: Provides security for the team at the back, ensuring protection during withdrawal or egress.

Transitioning Roles

  • The Point Man switches to the Rear Guard during egress, prioritizing team safety in departure.

Types of Crowds

  • Cohesive Crowd: Assembles for a common purpose without defined leadership, fostering a sense of unity.
  • Expressive Crowd: Seen in political rallies and picket lines; focuses on expressing sentiments and opinions.
  • Aggressive Crowd: Gathered with a specific objective; possesses a higher chance of escalating into a mob situation.

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Test your knowledge of the objectives of patrol with these flashcards. This chapter covers key concepts including crime prevention, maintaining peace, and building relationships between officers and citizens. Perfect for law enforcement students and professionals.

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