PT Fundamentals Week 6

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary benefit of progressing from the prone position to prone on elbows?

Increases hip flexion contractures

Decreases motor control

Facilitates positive changes in the spinal column (correct)

Improves upper body strength

What should be considered when using the Trendelenburg position in patients?

It may negatively impact patients with obesity (correct)

It consistently improves lung mechanics

It promotes better spinal alignment

It is effective for all types of hypotensive episodes

What is a key component of the hooklying position in bed mobility?

Lower extremities are completely straight

Knees are straight and extended

Hips are fully extended

Hips flexed between 45 to 55 degrees (correct)

Which method is beneficial for repositioning a patient in bed to prevent pressure sites?

Using a draw sheet for controlled movement Signup and view all the answers

When rolling to use a bedpan, what is an important step in the process?

Cross the near leg over the opposite leg if the patient cannot hold it up Signup and view all the answers

What is an essential component of establishing a therapeutic alliance with a patient?

Listening to the patient's questions and concerns Signup and view all the answers

Which is a key consideration when positioning a patient?

Ensuring patient comfort and correct spinal alignment Signup and view all the answers

What should a therapist do to respect a patient’s modesty during bed mobility?

Use draping techniques where appropriate Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by 'directing distally' in the context of patient care?

Providing verbal cues to encourage patient movement Signup and view all the answers

What does the center of mass refer to in patient positioning?

The balance point of the patient's body Signup and view all the answers

Which practice is critical for ensuring safety during patient mobility?

Managing lines and tubes carefully Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal when a patient is able to become more independent?

To direct movement rather than control it Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary factor that distinguishes long-term positioning from short-term positioning?

Long-term positioning is used when a patient cannot independently change positions. Signup and view all the answers

Which position involves a patient lying with their face up?

Supine Signup and view all the answers

What is a common issue that arises from poor spinal alignment during patient positioning?

Increased mechanical load and possible pain Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of having a patient in a sidelying position?

To maintain straight spinal alignment and support comfort Signup and view all the answers

Which guideline is crucial for patient comfort when positioning?

The patient should be positioned for optimal interaction with their environment. Signup and view all the answers

What is a recommended adjustment for someone positioned in prone who is experiencing discomfort?

Using pillows under the knees and lower legs Signup and view all the answers

What is a key consideration when choosing a support surface for a patient?

It should be compatible with the patient's weight and impairments. Signup and view all the answers

When is it appropriate to utilize patients' ability to adjust their position?

In short-term therapeutic interventions Signup and view all the answers

What should be avoided to maintain proper spinal alignment during positioning?

Allowing hips or shoulders to rotate Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Introduction to Patient Positioning

Therapists must understand and demonstrate techniques for safe and effective patient positioning and movement.
Patient care is a partnership between the patient and therapist, requiring collaboration to achieve desired outcomes.

Therapeutic Alliance

Establishing a positive therapeutic alliance is crucial for improved patient outcomes and experiences.
Therapists should be mindful of their biases, patient needs, and respect for personal boundaries.

Patient-Environment-Task

Always consider the patient, their environment, and the specific task involved.

Center of Mass

The center of mass (COM) is the point where gravity acts on the body.
When positioning or moving a patient, therapists must be close to their COM for better control.

Directing Distally

The goal is to guide movement distally, encouraging patient independence.
As patients gain strength and balance, increase direction and decrease direct control.

Positioning and Alignment

Positioning refers to achieving a static, resting posture in a safe and comfortable manner.
Proper alignment helps maintain spinal curves, reduces strain, and promotes comfort.

Short-Term vs. Long-Term Positioning

Short-term positioning is for patients with independent mobility, used for interventions like examinations or exercises.
Long-term positioning is necessary for patients with mobility limitations, requiring support to maintain position.

Definitions

Prone: Lying flat with the front of the body facing the ground.
Sidelying: Lying with the right or left side facing downward.
Supine: Lying flat with the back of the body facing the ground.

Positioning Checklist

Ensure patient safety, good spinal alignment, accessibility of body parts, comfort, and clear communication.
Consider the patient's needs, line of sight, and potential for injury.

Patient Comfort

Comfort is essential for patient safety and participation in therapy.
Uncomfortable patients may be at increased risk of injury or impede their own treatment.

Spinal Alignment

Proper alignment maintains the natural curves of the spine (cervical lordosis, thoracic kyphosis, lumbar lordosis).
Pillows can be used to support spinal alignment, especially in prone and supine positions.

Special Considerations

Adjust positioning to accommodate individual needs, such as fractures, pain, or injuries.
Alternatives may be used to maintain safety and comfort while achieving treatment goals.

Intervention-Short Term Positioning

Specific positions can facilitate therapeutic interventions, such as increasing range of motion, improving motor control, and reducing pain.

Intervention-Trendelenburg Position

The patient is supine with the head of the bed lower than the feet – short term use.
Potential benefits include promoting spontaneous breathing and counteracting hypotension.

Bed Mobility

Bed mobility involves moving within a bed or flat surface, including rolling, scooting, and transitioning between positions.

Basics of Bed Mobility

Hooklying: Flexed hips and knees, utilizing powerful muscles for movement.
Bridging: Lifting hips and lower back while supine, facilitating pressure relief and tasks like bedpan use.

Scooting in Bed

Allows repositioning within the bed, facilitating rolling and getting out of bed.
Dependent draw sheet transfers can be used to assist with scooting.

Rolling to Sidelying

Therapists stand on the opposite side of the intended roll for safety.
The patient initiates the roll by turning their head, followed by the trunk.

Rolling to Use a Bedpan

The patient flexes the hip and knee on the side closer to the therapist.
Roll away from the therapist, pushing down with the near foot and reaching across the body with the near arm.

Rolling Supine to Prone

Roll to prone from sidelying by continuing to bring the upper body forward.
Avoid pinning the arm underneath by pressing it close to the body or extending it before initiating the roll.

Sitting Definitions

Long sitting: Sitting with legs extended.
Short sitting (EOB): Sitting with hips and knees flexed.

Supine to Sitting

Patients with sufficient mobility can move simultaneously, using abdominal muscles for lifting.
For patients with limitations, the movement is usually achieved segmentally.

Scooting Sideways, Edge of Bed

Allows positioning for transfers or to facilitate getting back into a lying position.

Transfer Techniques

Scooting sideways at the edge of the bed is a component of some transfer techniques.
Use the arms and legs to push and lift the body, shifting the weight sideways.

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Description

This quiz covers essential concepts in patient positioning and movement, focusing on developing a positive therapeutic alliance and understanding the patient-environment-task relationship. Key topics include the center of mass and strategies for directing movement distally to enhance patient independence and care outcomes.

PT Fundamentals Week 6 - Notes

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