Patient Care: Disposable Bed Bath

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of using a disposable bed bath?

To facilitate physical therapy exercises

To reduce the need for hospitalization

To prevent skin breakdown and promote hygiene (correct)

To enhance patient mobility

Which of the following should be avoided when bathing a patient?

Applying disposable wipes

Using gentle soap and warm water

Wearing clean gloves

Soaking the feet of patients with diabetes (correct)

What is the main method of traction used for long periods of time to realign fractures?

Weighted traction

Skin traction

Skeletal traction (correct)

Manual traction

Why is it important to assess bathwater temperature when giving a bed bath?

To prevent burns or discomfort in vulnerable patients Signup and view all the answers

What is indicated for a patient with cognitive impairment during bathing?

Assisting and supervising the bathing process Signup and view all the answers

What is a necessary precaution when using skin traction?

Continuously monitoring for skin breakdown Signup and view all the answers

Which situation would necessitate avoiding massage during patient care?

The patient has reddened areas over bony prominences Signup and view all the answers

When is skin traction typically used?

For lower extremity fractures Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary benefit of using proper body mechanics while lifting an object?

Reduces risk of injury to the musculoskeletal system Signup and view all the answers

Which assessment finding indicates that immediate nursing intervention is required?

Persistent fever and chills Signup and view all the answers

During which stage of infection do specific symptoms first appear?

Illness stage Signup and view all the answers

Which nursing intervention is considered an independent intervention?

Providing wound care directly Signup and view all the answers

What should be the first step in the removal of personal protective equipment (PPE)?

Gloves Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a sign of a localized infection?

Redness and warmth at the wound site Signup and view all the answers

What type of nursing intervention requires collaboration with other healthcare providers?

Interdependent (collaborative) interventions Signup and view all the answers

How can a significant decrease in urine output be described?

Oliguria Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a critical stage of infection following the incubation period?

Prodromal stage Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom is associated with systemic infections?

Confusion and disorientation Signup and view all the answers

How should a nurse protect their back while lifting heavy objects?

Bending at the knees and using leg strength Signup and view all the answers

What is required for the diagnosis of a C. difficile infection?

Effective hand hygiene with soap and water Signup and view all the answers

What does an increasing white blood cell count indicate?

Inflammation or infection Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of Carisoprodol (Soma)?

To alleviate discomfort from musculoskeletal conditions Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of synthetic casting materials?

Waterproof and lightweight Signup and view all the answers

Which type of surgical procedure involves repositioning a broken bone through incisions?

Open Reduction Internal Fixation (ORIF) Signup and view all the answers

What complication involves a bone's failure to heal without surgical intervention?

Nonunion Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is NOT known to impair salivary secretions?

Good hydration levels Signup and view all the answers

What action should be taken when a patient begins to fall?

Let the patient slide gently to the floor Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of using Permethrin cream in scabies treatment?

Kill mites and their eggs Signup and view all the answers

What is a nursing intervention to prevent complications during a patient transfer?

Use correct posture and body mechanics Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes a symptom of Tetanus?

Intense muscle spasms Signup and view all the answers

What does early ambulation prevent after an ORIF procedure?

Blood clots Signup and view all the answers

What term describes the condition where the axis of a fractured bone is altered?

Angulation Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of the nursing process involves gathering patient data?

Assessment Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential risk of covering a cast?

Burn risk Signup and view all the answers

Which complication can occur due to pooling of salivary secretions?

Microorganism growth Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason older adult patients are more vulnerable to C. difficile infection?

Higher antibiotic usage Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following interventions is important for fall prevention in hospitalized patients?

Using a standardized fall risk assessment tool Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using a thumbless mitten restraint?

To prevent patients from removing medical devices Signup and view all the answers

What is required when caring for a patient with a known airborne disease?

A fit-tested N95 respirator Signup and view all the answers

When should gloves be removed and hand hygiene performed in a clinical setting?

Between different patient care encounters Signup and view all the answers

What action is critical to protect healthcare workers from exposure to infectious agents?

Using and disposing of PPE properly Signup and view all the answers

What is a condition that requires airborne precautions?

Rubeola (measles) Signup and view all the answers

What type of room is necessary for patients requiring airborne isolation?

Negative-pressure airborne infection isolation room (AIIR) Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommendation for patient management when a patient is suspected of having an infection spread by respiratory droplets?

Providing a facemask and a closed door Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes contact precautions?

Preventing infection transmission through direct contact Signup and view all the answers

What PPE is recommended for healthcare workers when substantial spraying of respiratory fluids is anticipated?

N95 respirator and goggles Signup and view all the answers

Who should use synthetic nonlatex gloves?

Patients with known latex sensitivity Signup and view all the answers

What describes the use of PPE in relation to patient isolation conditions?

PPE must be changed per patient interaction Signup and view all the answers

When managing a patient on droplet precautions, what is essential when the patient exits the room?

Wearing a facemask Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for placing a patient in a lateral position when using restraints?

To prevent aspiration. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following conditions necessitates contact precautions?

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Signup and view all the answers

What is a key consideration when applying restraints to a patient?

The initial patient assessment must be performed by a licensed nurse. Signup and view all the answers

When should a restraint be removed for patient assessment?

Every 2 hours or per organization policy. Signup and view all the answers

Which type of restraint prevents the patient from using their hands, yet allows for thumb movement?

Mitt restraint. Signup and view all the answers

What is the first line of action when a patient exhibits signs of skin irritation from a restraint?

Remove the restraint. Signup and view all the answers

Which pharmacological intervention is generally considered last for pain management?

Opioids. Signup and view all the answers

What should be done if a patient undergoing noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NPPV) requires restraint?

Withhold restraints and monitor closely. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a non-pharmacological pain intervention?

Opioids. Signup and view all the answers

What is a crucial element in monitoring a patient in restraints?

Evaluate skin condition and circulation every 15 minutes. Signup and view all the answers

In what scenario would extensive wound drainage require contact precautions?

Regardless of the volume. Signup and view all the answers

What is one use of therapeutic touch in pain management?

To balance energy and promote healing. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true regarding the use of restraints?

Only trained staff may apply and monitor restraints. Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step to take when putting on gloves?

Apply hand hygiene Signup and view all the answers

What should be done to prepare a patient for movement using a drawsheet?

Cross the patient's arms over their chest Signup and view all the answers

What is a key consideration for patients with impaired mobility during repositioning activities?

They may experience complications of immobility Signup and view all the answers

How should nurses position themselves when lifting a patient with a drawsheet?

One foot behind the other for leverage Signup and view all the answers

What should nurses avoid doing while lifting a patient with a drawsheet?

Dragging or pulling the patient Signup and view all the answers

What is an indication of body alignment in patients?

The body is in line with the pull of gravity Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors should be assessed to prevent complications of immobility?

Patient’s active range of motion Signup and view all the answers

What is the appropriate action to take with the drawsheet after lifting the patient?

Smooth out any folds or lumps Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the D-dimer blood test in assessing DVT?

To detect the presence of a clot Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a sign of deep vein thrombosis (DVT)?

Increased heart rate Signup and view all the answers

What should a nurse do if DVT is suspected in a patient?

Keep the patient calm and quiet in bed Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following interventions aids in the prevention of DVT?

Using antiembolism stockings properly fitted Signup and view all the answers

During ambulation, which sign indicates a patient may be experiencing orthostatic hypotension?

Dizziness or lightheadedness Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct way to take orthostatic blood pressure measurements?

Wait two minutes after standing before taking blood pressure again Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of subjective data during patient assessment?

Patient's complaint of fatigue Signup and view all the answers

Which nursing intervention is important when applying antiembolism stockings?

Monitor skin integrity continuously Signup and view all the answers

Deep vein thrombosis typically occurs in which of the following locations?

One leg or arm at a time Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of anticoagulant therapy in relation to DVT?

To prevent future clot formations Signup and view all the answers

When assessing for DVT, what is an important alternative assessment method?

Measuring bilateral calf circumference daily Signup and view all the answers

What is an appropriate response to a patient who feels lightheaded while ambulating?

Have them sit down immediately and reassess Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about the process of applying antiembolism stockings is accurate?

The fit should be snug but comfortable Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct order for taking orthostatic blood pressure measurements?

Lying down, standing/sitting, lying down again Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step when assisting a patient to walk with a cane?

Instruct the patient to move the cane forward. Signup and view all the answers

During a three-point gait with crutches, what is the correct sequence of movement?

Both crutches then uninjured leg. Signup and view all the answers

What should a patient do when descending stairs with crutches?

Bend the strong knee while moving the crutches to the stair below. Signup and view all the answers

What is an important hand hygiene practice when hands are visibly soiled?

Wash hands with soap and water. Signup and view all the answers

How should a patient position themselves when rising from a chair with crutches?

Move the weak leg forward and stronger leg under the chair. Signup and view all the answers

What is the initial instruction for using a walker?

Advance the walker 15 to 25 centimeters. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of hand sanitizer when hands are not visibly soiled?

To prevent cross-contamination. Signup and view all the answers

In the two-point gait with crutches, which movements occur simultaneously?

Left foot and right crutch. Signup and view all the answers

What should be done before contacting a person in healthcare to ensure proper hygiene?

Make sure to wash hands with soap. Signup and view all the answers

When using crutches for climbing stairs, how is body weight supported initially?

Weight is placed on the uninjured leg. Signup and view all the answers

What is the tripod position in crutch walking?

Crutches positioned parallel to feet. Signup and view all the answers

After direct contact with a person's intact skin, what is the best practice for hand hygiene?

Use an antiseptic hand rub. Signup and view all the answers

When is it appropriate to wash hands with soap and water instead of using sanitizer?

When hands are visibly dirty. Signup and view all the answers

What technique is used in the swing-through gait with crutches?

Swinging both crutches and legs to the front. Signup and view all the answers

Which action is crucial when transferring to a chair with crutches?

Stabilize the chair with both arms. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Disposable Bed Bath

Essential supplies include washcloths, towels, toiletries, disposable wipes, clean gown, linen bag, gloves, and bath-in-a-bag products to ensure hygiene and comfort.
Proper bathwater temperature is crucial, particularly for patients with reduced sensation; avoid foot soaking for those with diabetes or vascular diseases.
Risk of eye injury exists if patients wearing contact lenses are not properly assessed before bathing.
Avoid friction and force; do not massage red areas or those over bony prominences to prevent skin breakdown.

Extremity Traction

Aims to alleviate pain, muscle spasms, immobilize joints, and reduce fractures; skin traction is short-term, lasting 48-72 hours.
Skeletal traction involves pins or wires inserted into bones, requires higher weights, and aims for long-term stabilization.
Continuous traction is necessary for successful healing.

Muscle Spasm Treatments

Carisoprodol (Soma) acts as a muscle relaxant for acute musculoskeletal pain.
Cyclobenzaprine (Flexeril) alleviates muscle spasms without impairing function.
Methocarbamol (Robaxin) calms overactive nerves, aiding in relaxation.

Casts and Surgical Interventions

Casts immobilize injuries, allowing normal daily activities; set quickly (15 minutes) and require 24-72 hours before bearing weight.
Open Reduction Internal Fixation (ORIF) is a surgical method for severe fractures, allowing for early resumption of movement.
Closed Reduction Internal Fixation (CRIF) realigns bones without surgery, often under anesthesia, followed by immobilization.

Complications of Fractures

Pulmonary Embolism (PE), Gas Gangrene, and Tetanus are significant risks following fractures.
Healing complications include delayed union, nonunion (failure to heal), malunion (improper healing), and pseudoarthrosis (failure to form a proper healing union).

Salivary Secretion Impairment

Medications, radiation exposure, and infections can hinder salivary production.
Mouth breathing and unconsciousness worsen salivary secretion issues, increasing infection risks.

Syncope Management

To prevent injury, lower a patient gently to the floor, keeping them flat until help arrives.
Assess the surrounding area for safety and provide support from the weaker side when walking.

Scabies and Isolation Protocol

Scabies is caused by the itch mite leading to intense itching and rash; managed via contact isolation and topical treatments like Permethrin cream.

Patient Transfer Techniques

Use proper posture and techniques to prevent self-injury during transfers; avoid bending or rotating affected limbs excessively.
Consider patient's range of motion and hydration status to prevent falls and injuries.

Respiratory Distress Interventions

Implement oxygen therapy, deep breathing exercises, and airway management as primary treatments.

Nursing Process (ADPIE)

The nursing process includes Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation, and Evaluation, emphasizing critical thinking in every step.

Body Mechanics

Use proper body mechanics to minimize injury risks; maintain alignment, engage leg muscles for lifting, and adjust bed height for comfort.

Vital Signs and Clinical Alerts

Monitor for abnormal vital signs: hypotension, tachycardia, bradypnea, fever, confusion, and sudden behavioral changes indicating deterioration.

Infection Indicators

Local infections feature redness, swelling, and pain; systemic infections can lead to fever, fatigue, and swollen lymph nodes.

Stages of Infection

Infection progresses through incubation, prodromal, illness, and convalescence phases, each marked by specific symptoms and body responses.

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

Proper PPE is essential in preventing transmission of infections, especially when caring for patients with airborne or droplet diseases.

Isolation Precautions

Airborne precautions necessitate negative-pressure rooms and N95 respirators for pathogens like tuberculosis and chickenpox.
Droplet precautions require facial protection and patient masks to limit the spread of illnesses like influenza and diphtheria.
Contact precautions emphasize preventing exposure through direct and indirect contact, safeguarding both patients and healthcare providers.### Contact Transmission of Pathogens
Contact transmission involves direct contact with a patient or indirect contact with contaminated items.
Precautions include single patient rooms or cohorting patients with similar risks.
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) should be used upon entering/exiting rooms, including gloves and gowns when necessary.
Conditions necessitating contact precautions include multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs), Clostridium difficile, respiratory syncytial virus, scabies, herpes simplex virus, excessive wound drainage, and fecal incontinence.

Restraints in Clinical Settings

Restraint use should be minimized due to potential fatal injuries; jacket restraints are often prohibited.
Restraints should not interfere with medical devices and should be checked for skin abrasions regularly.
Monitor patients for neurovascular status, ensuring prompt removal if changes occur.
Restraints must be assessed and documented consistently, with the initial assessment performed by a nurse.
Types of restraints include belt restraints for sitting positions, extremity restraints, mitt restraints for hands, and elbow restraints to immobilize elbows.

Pain Management Interventions

Non-pharmacological interventions include positioning, cutaneous stimulation (cold/hot packs), massage, distraction, relaxation techniques, and music therapy.
Pharmacological options consist of opioids (last resort), nonopioid analgesics (NSAIDs, acetaminophen), and adjuvant medications (corticosteroids, gabapentin).
Continuous assessment and documentation of pain interventions are critical for effective pain management.

Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) Assessment & Interventions

DVT involves the formation of clots within the venous wall; symptoms may include unilateral edema, warmth, and tenderness.
D-dimer blood tests measure substances released during clot breakdown, while Doppler ultrasounds detect clots.
Patients at risk may require anticoagulant therapy, antiembolism stockings, and sequential compression devices (SCDs) to prevent DVT.

Orthostatic Hypotension

Characterized by significant blood pressure drop upon standing, leading to dizziness and fainting.
Blood pressure should be assessed supine, then standing to identify orthostatic changes.

Subjective vs. Objective Data

Subjective data is derived from the patient's perspective and includes feelings and verbal symptoms.
Objective data includes observable signs, physical assessments, and diagnostic tests.

Ambulation with Assistive Devices

Canes should be used by moving them forward then stepping with the weaker leg.
Walkers require moving forward with the walker before stepping with the feet.
Different crutch gaits include four-point, three-point, two-point, swing-to, and swing-through, each with specified movements.

Hand Hygiene and Glove Use

Hand hygiene is essential before patient contact, after contact with secretions, and before eating.
Gloves must be used appropriately, ensuring correct size and performing hand hygiene before application.

Patient Moving Techniques

Use a drawsheet technique with two nurses to reposition patients safely.
Ensure proper body alignment and assess for risk factors such as decreased sensation or mobility restrictions when moving patients.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the supplies and techniques involved in providing disposable bed baths for patients. This quiz will cover essential items needed, precautions to take for different patient conditions, and the importance of maintaining skin integrity. Perfect for nursing students and healthcare providers.