Patient Assessment and Risk Factors in Flu
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Patient Assessment and Risk Factors in Flu

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@HandsomeVariable

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following patients is at greatest risk for complications caused by the influenza virus? (Select one)

  • 39-year-old man with mild hypertension
  • 68-year-old woman with type 2 diabetes (correct)
  • 12-year-old child with a fractured arm
  • 50-year-old woman with moderate obesity

    • You and your EMT partner arrive at the residence of a 50-year-old man who complains of weakness. Your primary assessment reveals that he is critically ill and will require aggressive treatment. The closest hospital is 25 miles away. You should: (Select one)

  • Administer oxygen via nonrebreathing mask and obtain as much of his medical history as possible.
  • Load him into the ambulance, begin transport, and perform all treatment en route to the hospital.
  • Manage all threats to airway, breathing, and circulation and consider requesting an ALS unit. (correct)
  • Perform a detailed secondary assessment, assess his vital signs, and then transport rapidly.

    • In which of the following situations would it be MOST appropriate to utilize an air medical transportation service? (Select one)

  • 29-year-old woman who is 18 weeks pregnant, has light vaginal bleeding, and stable vital signs
  • 43-year-old man experiencing a heart attack, and the closest appropriate hospital is 15 minutes away
  • 61-year-old man with signs and symptoms of a stroke and a ground transport time of 50 minutes (correct)
  • 50-year-old conscious woman with severe nausea and vomiting, fever, and chills of 3 days' duration

    • Most treatments provided in the prehospital setting are intended to _________. (Select one)

    <p>Address the patient's symptoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    It is especially important to assess pulse, sensation, and movement in all extremities as well as pupillary reactions in patients with a suspected ___________ problem.

    <p>neurologic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following conditions is NOT categorized as a psychiatric condition? (Select one)

    <p>Substance abuse</p> Signup and view all the answers

    You are attending to a 27-year-old male driver who collapsed after acting strangely. This is an example of a: (Select one)

    <p>Combination of a medical and trauma emergency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The _____ is your awareness and concern for potentially serious underlying and unseen injuries or illnesses. (Select one)

    <p>Index of suspicion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When assessing a patient with a medical complaint, which of the following would MOST likely reveal the cause of the problem? (Select one)

    <p>Primary assessment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In 2009, the H1N1 virus accounted for over 200,000 deaths worldwide. These are both examples of: (Select one)

    <p>Pandemics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a bacterium resistant to most antibiotics and causes skin abscesses? (Select one)

    <p>MRSA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When caring for a patient with altered mental status and signs of circulatory compromise, you should: (Select one)

    <p>Limit your time at the scene before transport to 10 minutes or less, if possible.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The BEST way to prevent infection from whooping cough is to: (Select one)

    <p>Get vaccinated against diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Most patients with an infectious disease will have _________. (Select one)

    <p>A fever</p> Signup and view all the answers

    After sizing up the scene of a patient with a possible infectious disease, your next priority should be to: (Select one)

    <p>Take standard precautions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    An infectious disease is MOST accurately defined as: (Select one)

    <p>A medical condition caused by the growth and spread of small, harmful organisms within the body.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Ten days after treating a 34-year-old patient with tuberculosis, you are given a tuberculin skin test, which yields a positive result. This MOST likely indicates that: (Select one)

    <p>You were exposed to another infected person before treating the 34-year-old patient.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    It is especially important to assess pulse, sensation, and movement in all extremities as well as pupillary reactions in patients with a suspected ___________ problem.

    <p>neurologic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The incubation period for hepatitis B is typically: (Select one)

    <p>4 to 12 weeks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The determination of whether a medical patient is a high-priority or low-priority transport is typically made: (Select one)

    <p>After the primary assessment has been completed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Assessment of the medical patient is usually focused on the _________. (Select one)

    <p>Nature of illness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hepatitis B is more virulent than hepatitis C, which means that it: (Select one)

    <p>Has a greater ability to produce disease.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ________ is a bacterium that causes infections and is resistant to most antibiotics. (Select one)

    <p>MRSA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When forming your general impression of a patient with a medical complaint, it is important to remember that: (Select one)

    <p>Most serious medical conditions do not present with obvious symptoms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Risk Factors and Patient Assessment

    • Patients at greatest risk for flu complications include older adults and those with chronic illnesses, exemplified by a 68-year-old woman with type 2 diabetes.
    • When encountering a critically ill patient, prioritize airway, breathing, and circulation management over secondary assessments, particularly if transport is lengthy.
    • Utilize air medical transportation for patients with life-threatening conditions and long transport times, as seen with a 61-year-old man showing stroke symptoms with a 50-minute ground transport.

    Prehospital Treatment Priorities

    • Most prehospital treatments are focused on addressing the patient's symptoms rather than confirming diagnoses or treating underlying causes.
    • For altered mental status patients with circulatory issues, limit scene time and prioritize immediate transport with ongoing treatment.

    Infectious Diseases Insights

    • H1N1 pandemics can cause significant mortality; for example, the 2009 outbreak resulted in over 200,000 deaths.
    • MRSA, a resistant bacterium, commonly leads to skin abscesses and complicates treatment options.
    • Vaccination against diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis is crucial for preventing whooping cough infection.

    Assessment Techniques

    • Assess pulse, sensation, and movement in suspected neurologic conditions, highlighting the importance of neurologic assessments in emergencies.
    • The "index of suspicion" aids awareness of hidden injuries or illnesses during assessments.
    • Gathering a thorough medical history is often crucial for understanding the underlying cause of medical complaints.

    Challenges in Medical Conditions

    • Individuals with infectious diseases frequently present with fever as a common symptom.
    • Understanding hepatitis B’s longer incubation period (4 to 12 weeks) aids in timely diagnosis and treatment.
    • Hepatitis B is more virulent than hepatitis C, indicating its higher potential for causing serious health issues.

    General Medical Insights

    • During the initial impression, note that serious medical conditions may not show clear symptoms, emphasizing careful patient evaluation.
    • The urgency of medical transport is assessed post-primary assessment, focusing on stable vital signs and patient presentation.
    • Tuberculosis exposure leads to positive skin test results that may indicate past exposure rather than active infection.

    Summary of Conditions

      • Alzheimer's disease is classified differently than other psychiatric conditions such as depression and schizophrenia, with substance abuse identified separately.
    • Combination emergencies may arise when medical and trauma factors coexist, reflecting the complexity of patient presentations.
    • In a medical emergency context, the patient’s chief complaint and initial assessments are pivotal in prioritizing care and understanding health risks.

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    Description

    This quiz explores important concepts related to patient assessment and risk factors associated with complications from influenza, particularly in vulnerable populations. It also covers prehospital treatment priorities and the impact of infectious diseases like H1N1. Test your understanding of critical decision-making in emergency medical situations.

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