Pathophysiology of Hepatitis, Steatosis, and Liver Abscess

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Questions and Answers

What is the unique feature of the RNA virus HDV?

  • Dependent on HEV for transmission
  • Dependent on HCV for replication
  • Dependent on HBV for its life cycle (correct)
  • Dependent on HAV for survival

What is the most common mode of transmission for HEV?

  • Enteric (water-borne) (correct)
  • Bloodborne
  • Respiratory droplets
  • Sexual contact

Which type of hepatitis has a high mortality rate among pregnant women?

  • Hepatitis A
  • Hepatitis C
  • Hepatitis B
  • Hepatitis E (correct)

What is the estimated number of individuals affected by HDV globally?

<p>15 million individuals (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of hepatitis is prevented by vaccination against another type of hepatitis?

<p>Hepatitis B (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause of chronic viral hepatitis?

<p>Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which disease is NOT mentioned as having morphological changes similar to acute and chronic viral hepatitis?

<p>Alzheimer's disease (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which virus is associated with a mild or subclinical acute infection in nearly two-thirds of adults?

<p>Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common symptom of acute HBV infection?

<p>Upper right quadrant pain (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In chronic HCV infection, what percentage of individuals develop cirrhosis over 20 to 30 years?

<p>20% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of infection is known to have asymptomatic acute cases in about 85% of individuals?

<p>Hepatitis C (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the risk faced by approximately 20% of HCV-infected individuals in terms of liver condition?

<p>Cirrhosis development (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can liver abscesses reach the liver?

<p>Ascending infection via the gut and biliary tract (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is characterized by liver with mixed small and large fat droplets as well as ballooned hepatocytes?

<p>Alcoholic hepatitis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which pathology exhibits portal enlargement without regenerative nodules and pipe-stem fibrosis?

<p>Schistosomiasis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the classic symptoms associated with liver abscesses?

<p>Fever and right upper quadrant pain (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic morphology associated with schistosomiasis?

<p>Presence of bumpy lesions with marked fibrosis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In alcoholic hepatitis, what staining technique can be used to visualize the resemblance of liver features?

<p>Masson trichrome stain (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a distinctive morphologic feature in chronic hepatitis B?

<p>Ground glass hepatocytes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which form of alcoholic liver disease is characterized by dysfunction of mitochondria and cellular membranes?

<p>Alcoholic steatohepatitis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can hepatitis B infection be confirmed morphologically?

<p>Immunostaining for hepatitis B surface and core antigens (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What feature may be observed in chronic hepatitis C?

<p>Focal bile duct injury (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What causes the cytoplasmic inclusions to appear light pink and finely granular in chronic hepatitis B?

<p>Accumulation of hepatitis B surface antigen (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In alcoholic liver disease, what leads to varying degrees of inflammation and hepatocyte death?

<p>Excessive alcohol intake (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the hallmark of alcohol-induced or nonalcoholic steatohepatitis?

<p>Mallory hyaline formation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes the clumping of intermediate filaments in hepatocytes?

<p>Councilman bodies (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of necrosis involves the obliteration of the entire lobule in the liver?

<p>Pan-acinar necrosis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of hepatocellular necrosis induced by acetaminophen overdose?

<p>Confluent necrosis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT commonly associated with viral hepatitis?

<p>Bilirubin accumulation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe a focus of mononuclear infiltration surrounding an injured hepatocyte in chronic hepatitis?

<p>Acidophil bodies (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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