30 Questions
What is the unique feature of the RNA virus HDV?
Dependent on HBV for its life cycle
What is the most common mode of transmission for HEV?
Enteric (water-borne)
Which type of hepatitis has a high mortality rate among pregnant women?
Hepatitis E
What is the estimated number of individuals affected by HDV globally?
15 million individuals
Which type of hepatitis is prevented by vaccination against another type of hepatitis?
Hepatitis B
What is the most common cause of chronic viral hepatitis?
Hepatitis C Virus (HCV)
Which disease is NOT mentioned as having morphological changes similar to acute and chronic viral hepatitis?
Alzheimer's disease
Which virus is associated with a mild or subclinical acute infection in nearly two-thirds of adults?
Hepatitis B Virus (HBV)
What is a common symptom of acute HBV infection?
Upper right quadrant pain
In chronic HCV infection, what percentage of individuals develop cirrhosis over 20 to 30 years?
20%
Which type of infection is known to have asymptomatic acute cases in about 85% of individuals?
Hepatitis C
What is the risk faced by approximately 20% of HCV-infected individuals in terms of liver condition?
Cirrhosis development
How can liver abscesses reach the liver?
Ascending infection via the gut and biliary tract
Which condition is characterized by liver with mixed small and large fat droplets as well as ballooned hepatocytes?
Alcoholic hepatitis
Which pathology exhibits portal enlargement without regenerative nodules and pipe-stem fibrosis?
Schistosomiasis
What is one of the classic symptoms associated with liver abscesses?
Fever and right upper quadrant pain
What is the characteristic morphology associated with schistosomiasis?
Presence of bumpy lesions with marked fibrosis
In alcoholic hepatitis, what staining technique can be used to visualize the resemblance of liver features?
Masson trichrome stain
What is a distinctive morphologic feature in chronic hepatitis B?
Ground glass hepatocytes
Which form of alcoholic liver disease is characterized by dysfunction of mitochondria and cellular membranes?
Alcoholic steatohepatitis
How can hepatitis B infection be confirmed morphologically?
Immunostaining for hepatitis B surface and core antigens
What feature may be observed in chronic hepatitis C?
Focal bile duct injury
What causes the cytoplasmic inclusions to appear light pink and finely granular in chronic hepatitis B?
Accumulation of hepatitis B surface antigen
In alcoholic liver disease, what leads to varying degrees of inflammation and hepatocyte death?
Excessive alcohol intake
What is the hallmark of alcohol-induced or nonalcoholic steatohepatitis?
Mallory hyaline formation
Which term describes the clumping of intermediate filaments in hepatocytes?
Councilman bodies
What type of necrosis involves the obliteration of the entire lobule in the liver?
Pan-acinar necrosis
What is the primary cause of hepatocellular necrosis induced by acetaminophen overdose?
Confluent necrosis
Which of the following is NOT commonly associated with viral hepatitis?
Bilirubin accumulation
What is the term used to describe a focus of mononuclear infiltration surrounding an injured hepatocyte in chronic hepatitis?
Acidophil bodies
Learn about the mechanisms of injury and repair in liver diseases such as steatosis, cholestasis, and hepatocyte ballooning. Understand the reversible morphologic changes and key features of alcohol-induced or nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.
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