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Pathophysiology of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)

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Pathophysiology of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the kidney?

Regulation of blood pressure

Production of red blood cells

Storage of nutrients

Maintenance of a constant extracellular environment (correct)

What is the estimated annual cost of the ESRD program in the US?

Approximately $100 billion

Approximately $500 billion

Approximately $49.3 billion (correct)

Approximately $20 billion

What is the primary role of erythropoietin?

Regulation of sodium and water levels

Production of red blood cells (correct)

Regulation of blood pressure

Regulation of calcium and phosphorus levels

What is the number of patients enrolled in the ESRD Medicare-funded program as of December 31, 2011?

Approximately 615,899 Signup and view all the answers

What is the estimated annual cost of the ESRD program per person in the US?

Approximately $75,000 Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the hormone produced by the kidney that regulates calcium and phosphorus levels?

1,25 Dihydroxyvitamin D3 Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following hormones is NOT produced by the kidney?

Parathyroid hormone Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary objective of kidney function?

To maintain a constant extracellular environment for cellular function Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the kidney's ability to regulate water and solute excretion?

It is necessary for adequate cellular function Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the kidney in regulating calcium and phosphorus levels?

It regulates vitamin D levels Signup and view all the answers

What is a major public health concern worldwide?

Chronic kidney disease Signup and view all the answers

What is the estimated total cost of the ESRD program in the US?

Approximately $49.3 billion Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of renin?

To regulate systemic and renal hemodynamics Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the kidney's ability to regulate hydrogen ion excretion?

It is necessary for maintaining acid-base balance Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the kidney's production of prostaglandins?

It participates in the regulation of systemic and renal hemodynamics Signup and view all the answers