Pathophysiology of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the kidney?

  • Regulation of blood pressure
  • Production of red blood cells
  • Storage of nutrients
  • Maintenance of a constant extracellular environment (correct)

What is the estimated annual cost of the ESRD program in the US?

  • Approximately $100 billion
  • Approximately $500 billion
  • Approximately $49.3 billion (correct)
  • Approximately $20 billion

What is the primary role of erythropoietin?

  • Regulation of sodium and water levels
  • Production of red blood cells (correct)
  • Regulation of blood pressure
  • Regulation of calcium and phosphorus levels

What is the number of patients enrolled in the ESRD Medicare-funded program as of December 31, 2011?

<p>Approximately 615,899 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the estimated annual cost of the ESRD program per person in the US?

<p>Approximately $75,000 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the hormone produced by the kidney that regulates calcium and phosphorus levels?

<p>1,25 Dihydroxyvitamin D3 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following hormones is NOT produced by the kidney?

<p>Parathyroid hormone (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary objective of kidney function?

<p>To maintain a constant extracellular environment for cellular function (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the kidney's ability to regulate water and solute excretion?

<p>It is necessary for adequate cellular function (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the kidney in regulating calcium and phosphorus levels?

<p>It regulates vitamin D levels (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a major public health concern worldwide?

<p>Chronic kidney disease (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the estimated total cost of the ESRD program in the US?

<p>Approximately $49.3 billion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of renin?

<p>To regulate systemic and renal hemodynamics (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the kidney's ability to regulate hydrogen ion excretion?

<p>It is necessary for maintaining acid-base balance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the kidney's production of prostaglandins?

<p>It participates in the regulation of systemic and renal hemodynamics (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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