Pathophysiology Lecture Notes

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Questions and Answers

What is the study of the functions of the human body or living organs?

  • Pathophysiology
  • Physiology (correct)
  • Cellular injury
  • Physiological Atrophy

Which term can be defined as the physiology of altered health?

  • Homeostasis
  • Hypertrophy
  • Dysplasia
  • Pathophysiology (correct)

What refers to a decrease in cell size?

  • Dysplasia
  • Calcification
  • Atrophy (correct)
  • Hyperplasia

What is defined as an increase of tissue mass due to an increase in the number of cells?

<p>Hyperplasia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of Pathologic Hyperplasia?

<p>Enlargement of thyroid gland (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is described as an increase in the size of individual cells?

<p>Hypertrophy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is metaplasia?

<p>A reversible change in which one type of adult cell is replaced by another type (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of inflammation?

<p>To eliminate the initial cause of cell injury (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the cardinal signs of inflammation?

<p>Pain, heat, redness, swelling, loss of function (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens in chronic inflammation?

<p>Infiltration by mononuclear cells and lymphocytes instead of neutrophils (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the systemic manifestations of inflammation?

<p>Fever, lethargy, increased ESR, CRP, leukocytosis or leukopenia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a bacterial infection typically induce in the blood?

<p>Selective increase in neutrophils (Neutrophilia) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the first level of control provided by the cell membrane's lipid bilayer structure?

<p>Tightly packed phospholipids with a hydrophobic interior (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens in acute inflammation?

<p>Immediate response to injury. nonspecific. self-limited and short duration. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens in viral infections?

<p>Decrease in neutrophils (neutropenia) and an increase in lymphocytes (lymphocytosis) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is physiology?

<p>The study of the functions of the human body or living organs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does atrophy refer to?

<p>A decrease in cell size (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is hyperplasia?

<p>An increase in tissue mass due to an increase in the number of cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is dysplasia?

<p>Complete loss of normal cellular architecture (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does calcification refer to?

<p>The precipitation of calcium in dead or chronic inflammation area (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is homeostasis?

<p>A normal or adaptive steady state in the face of injurious stimuli (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is metaplasia?

<p>The replacement of one type of adult cell with another type (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens in acute inflammation?

<p>Short duration and nonspecific response to injury (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the cardinal signs of inflammation?

<p>Pain or discomfort, heat, and redness (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What refers to a decrease in cell size?

<p>Atrophy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens in viral infections?

<p>Increase in lymphocytes (lymphocytosis) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the first level of control provided by the cell membrane's lipid bilayer structure?

<p>Selective permeability (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the systemic manifestations of inflammation?

<p>Fever and lethargy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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