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Questions and Answers
What is the effect of nicotine on the cardiovascular system?
What is the effect of nicotine on the cardiovascular system?
- It only affects the nervous system
- It increases heart rate and blood pressure (correct)
- It lowers blood pressure
- It has no effect on the cardiovascular system
What is the main adverse effect of tar in tobacco smoke?
What is the main adverse effect of tar in tobacco smoke?
- It causes cardiovascular diseases
- It damages the lungs and respiratory system (correct)
- It has no adverse effects
- It leads to addiction
What is the effect of carbon monoxide on the body?
What is the effect of carbon monoxide on the body?
- It only affects the respiratory system
- It has no effect on the body
- It binds to haemoglobin in the blood, reducing oxygen supply (correct)
- It increases oxygen supply to vital organs
How many millilitres of pure alcohol are in one unit of alcohol?
How many millilitres of pure alcohol are in one unit of alcohol?
What is the recommended limit of alcohol consumption per week for men?
What is the recommended limit of alcohol consumption per week for men?
What is the recommended limit of alcohol consumption per week for women?
What is the recommended limit of alcohol consumption per week for women?
What is the maximum amount of units of alcohol recommended per day for men?
What is the maximum amount of units of alcohol recommended per day for men?
What is the maximum amount of units of alcohol recommended per day for women?
What is the maximum amount of units of alcohol recommended per day for women?
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Study Notes
Tobacco Smoke Constituents and Adverse Effects
- Nicotine: a highly addictive substance that stimulates the central nervous system, leading to dependence, increased heart rate and blood pressure, constricted blood vessels, and a higher risk of cardiovascular diseases and cancer.
- Tar: a sticky substance that stains teeth, finger nails, and lung tissue in smokers, contains carcinogens, damages the lungs and respiratory system, and leads to conditions like chronic bronchitis and emphysema.
- Carbon monoxide: a poisonous gas that binds to haemoglobin in the blood, reducing oxygen supply to vital organs and tissues, leading to heart disease, stroke, and other health problems.
Units of Alcohol and Recommended Consumption Limits
- One unit of alcohol is equivalent to 10 millilitres (ml) or 8 grams (g) of pure alcohol.
- Recommended limits for men: no more than 14 units of alcohol per week, and not to exceed 3-4 units per day.
- Recommended limits for women: no more than 7 units of alcohol per week, and not to exceed 2-3 units per day.
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