Pathology Fundamentals

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of inflammation?

Heat
Redness
Normal blood flow (correct)
Swelling

What is the process of tissue replacement by scar tissue called?

Angiogenesis
Regeneration
Epithelialization
Fibrosis (correct)

Which of the following is NOT a type of pathologic process?

Epithelialization (correct)
Healing
Metabolic dysfunction
Inflammation

What is the term for any new cellular growth?

Neoplasia (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a criteria for describing a pathologic lesion?

Age of the patient (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best defines disease?

A harmful deviation from the normal structure or function of any part, system or organ of the body (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the study of disease called?

Pathology (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of pathology deals with the cellular responses to noxious stimuli irrespective of the organs involved?

General pathology (A) Signup and view all the answers

What does anatomic pathology involve?

Examination of gross or macroscopic pathology (A) Signup and view all the answers

Why is understanding pathology important for clinicians?

All of the above (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a post-mortem change?

Thrombosis (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between autolysis and putrefaction?

Autolysis is caused by bacterial metabolism, while putrefaction is caused by self-digestion (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of light microscopy in pathology?

To study microscopic changes (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between haemoglobin imbibition and bile imbibition?

Haemoglobin imbibition is caused by the release of haemoglobin from lysed red blood cells, while bile imbibition is caused by the interaction of hydrogen sulphide and iron (A) Signup and view all the answers

Match the following pathology terms to their correct definitions:

Leukopenia = Low white blood cells Hypernatremia = High sodium levels in the blood Histopathology = The study of pathologic changes using microscopy Autolysis = Changes caused by self-digestion after death Signup and view all the answers

Match the following morphologic diagnosis terms to their definitions:

Necrohemorrhagic = A process involving necrosis of the tissue and haemorrhage Diffuse = Affecting a large area Acute = Occurring less than seven days ago Colitis = Inflammation of the colon Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms to their definitions in the context of post-mortem changes:

Putrefaction = Changes caused by post-mortem bacterial metabolism Rigor mortis = Contraction of the muscles occurring at death Livor mortis = Pooling of blood to the downside of the body Postmortem clotting = Continued clotting after death, not adhered to vessel walls Signup and view all the answers

Match the following microscopy types to their descriptions:

Light microscopy = Used in histopathology, involves specialized microscopes Transmission EM = Two-dimensional, shows internal cell structure Scanning EM = Three-dimensional, restricted to the surface Electron microscopy = Relevant in human medicine Signup and view all the answers

Match the following pathology terms to their definitions:

Pseudomelanosis = Blue to green discolouration of the tissue by iron sulphide Haemoglobin imbibition = Red staining tissue due to the release of haemoglobin from lysed red blood cells Bile imbibition = Bile in the gallbladder stains adjacent tissues yellowish, greenish or brown Chicken fat clot = A postmortem clot due to the separation of white and red blood cells Signup and view all the answers

Match the following pathologic processes with their definitions:

Inflammation = Body's response to injury, characterized by redness, swelling, heat, pain, and loss of function Healing = Occurs after inflammation, involves formation of new blood vessels and replacement of tissue by scar tissue Thrombosis = Disease process occurring within a vascular lumen, a reaction to injury involving the blood coagulation cascade and platelets Neoplasia = Refers to any new cellular growth, can be benign or malignant Necrosis = Death of tissues or cells in the living animal, can occur in all organs or just part of the organ Signup and view all the answers

Match the following types of diagnosis with their descriptions:

Clinical diagnosis = Based on data obtained from the case history, clinical signs, and physical exam Clinical pathological diagnosis = Based on changes observed in the chemistry fluids and haematology and the structure and function of cells collected from the living patient Morphologic diagnosis = Based on the physical characteristics of cells and tissues, often determined through biopsy or post-mortem exam Signup and view all the answers

Match the following pathologic descriptions with their criteria:

Location = Where on the body the lesion is Demarcation = Whether you can tell the lesion apart from normal tissue Distribution = How the lesion is spread across the organ Colour = Determined by the presence of cells, pigments and blood Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their definitions:

Aetiology = What caused the disease Pathogenesis = How the disease developed Molecular and morphological changes = Biochemical and structural alterations induced in cells and organs Clinical manifestation = Symptoms and signs of molecular and morphologic changes Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their definitions:

Angiogenesis = Formation of new blood vessels Fibrosis = Replacement of tissue by scar tissue Epithelialization = Regenerative process that covers defects and injured skin and other epithelial surfaces Hypercoagulable state = Condition in which the blood is more likely to clot Signup and view all the answers

Match the following pathology terms with their definitions:

Disease = Any harmful deviation from or interruption of the normal structure or function of any part, system or organ of the body Pathology = The study of the structural, biochemical and functional changes in cells, tissues and organs that underlie disease General Pathology = Deals with the cellular responses to noxious stimuli, the same across species, organs or systems Systemic Pathology = Deals with organ systems and how those specialised organs react to noxious stimuli Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their categories in pathology:

Anatomic Pathology = Includes gross or macroscopic pathology you can see with your unaided eyes Clinical Pathology = Examination of tissues taken during biopsy or autopsy/necropsy to examine the nature and extent of the disease process Reduced Fertility in a Dairy Herd = Example of a clinical disease leading to reduced production Lesions = Any departure from normal form, whether it is clinically apparent or not Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their roles in the study of disease:

Symptoms = What the patient experiences, for example nausea Signs = What the clinician sees Noxious Stimuli = Anything that could cause harm to the body or its organs, to which cells and tissues respond Biopsy = Procedure to obtain tissues for examination to determine the nature and extent of the disease process Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their definitions in the context of studying disease:

Pathology = The study of disease – the structural, biochemical, and functional changes in cells, tissues, and organs that underlie disease Disease = Any harmful deviation from or interruption of the normal structure or function of any part, system, or organ of the body Lesions = Any departure from normal form, whether it is clinically apparent or not Noxious stimuli = Harmful agents that cause cellular responses Signup and view all the answers

Match the pathology categories with their definitions:

General Pathology = Deals with the cellular responses to noxious stimuli, the same across species, organs, or systems Systemic Pathology = Deals with how specialized organs react to noxious stimuli Anatomic Pathology = Includes gross or macroscopic pathology observable with unaided eyes Clinical Pathology = Involves examination of tissues taken during biopsy or autopsy/necropsy to examine the nature and extent of the disease process Signup and view all the answers

Pathology Fundamentals

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of inflammation?

What is the process of tissue replacement by scar tissue called?

Which of the following is NOT a type of pathologic process?

What is the term for any new cellular growth?

Which of the following is NOT a criteria for describing a pathologic lesion?

Which of the following best defines disease?

What is the study of disease called?

Which type of pathology deals with the cellular responses to noxious stimuli irrespective of the organs involved?

What does anatomic pathology involve?

Why is understanding pathology important for clinicians?

Which of the following is NOT a post-mortem change?

What is the difference between autolysis and putrefaction?

What is the main purpose of light microscopy in pathology?

What is the difference between haemoglobin imbibition and bile imbibition?

Match the following pathology terms to their correct definitions:

Match the following morphologic diagnosis terms to their definitions:

Match the following terms to their definitions in the context of post-mortem changes:

Match the following microscopy types to their descriptions:

Match the following pathology terms to their definitions:

Match the following pathologic processes with their definitions:

Match the following types of diagnosis with their descriptions:

Match the following pathologic descriptions with their criteria:

Match the following terms with their definitions:

Match the following terms with their definitions:

Match the following pathology terms with their definitions:

Match the following terms with their categories in pathology:

Match the following terms with their roles in the study of disease:

Match the following terms with their definitions in the context of studying disease:

Match the pathology categories with their definitions:

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