Pathology: Acute Leukaemia
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Questions and Answers

At what age is acute leukemia most commonly diagnosed?

  • 45 years
  • 75 years
  • < 6 years
  • 65 years (correct)

What is a common symptom of bone marrow failure in acute leukemia?

  • Anemia and high platelets
  • Fever and low WBC (correct)
  • Fever and high WBC
  • Bleeding and high platelets

Which organs are commonly infiltrated in acute leukemia?

  • Liver, Spleen, and Lymph nodes (correct)
  • Pancreas, Stomach, and Small intestine
  • Kidneys, Heart, and Lungs
  • Brain, Skin, and Muscles

What is a specific clinical feature of Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) M3?

<p>Gum hypertrophy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the diagnostic tool to analyze hematological parameters in acute leukemia?

<p>Analysis of blood (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a diagnostic tool for acute leukemia?

<p>Blood culture (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of diagnosis in acute leukemia?

<p>To guide treatment and monitor residual disease (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common symptom of bleeding tendency in acute leukemia?

<p>Purpuric spots (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of leukemia is commonly associated with meningeal infiltration?

<p>Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of acute leukaemia in the bone marrow and blood?

<p>More than 20% blasts (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the basis of WHO classification of acute leukaemia?

<p>Lineage of blasts to myeloid or lymphoid (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the classification of AML based on FAB?

<p>M0-M7 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the common age group affected by Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia (ALL)?

<p>Children before the age of 6 years (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the percentage of B-cell lineage in ALL cases?

<p>85% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of M3 AML according to FAB classification?

<p>Acute promyelocytic leukaemia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the basis of FAB classification of ALL?

<p>Morphology of blasts (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of L3 ALL according to FAB classification?

<p>Large homogenous blasts (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of neoplastic proliferation of white blood cell precursors?

<p>Malignant proliferation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical Hb level in AML and ALL patients?

<p>4-5 gm% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic feature of AML in peripheral smear?

<p>Myeloblasts (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical total leucocyte count in AML and ALL patients?

<p>10-300,000/mm3 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic feature of AML M3?

<p>Multiple Auer rods (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the treatment for AML M3?

<p>ATRA (All trans retinoic acid) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic feature of AML M4 and M5?

<p>Gum hypertrophy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical morphology of anemia in AML and ALL patients?

<p>Normocytic, normochromic anemia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the percentage of myeloblasts in peripheral smear in AML?

<p>&gt;20% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Auer rod?

<p>Linear rod-like pink structures in the cytoplasm of myeloblasts (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of immunophenotyping in leukocytes?

<p>To classify acute leukemia based on lineage of blasts (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following cytogenetic abnormalities is associated with a poor prognosis?

<p>Loss of Ch. 5/7 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the overall prognosis of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) in children?

<p>Good, with a 5-year survival rate of &gt;85% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a favourable cytogenetic abnormality in Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)?

<p>inv. 16 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the 5-year survival rate of Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) in adults?

<p>5% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a method of immunophenotyping?

<p>Immunostaining in biopsy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the classification of acute leukemia based on?

<p>Lineage of blasts and membrane markers (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of cytogenetic studies in acute leukemia?

<p>To identify cytogenetic abnormalities (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a favourable prognosis in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)?

<p>Hyper diploid (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of blasts in L1 type of ALL?

<p>Homogenous small blasts, scanty cytoplasm, regular round nuclei, inconspicous nucleoli (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the percentage of blasts in the peripheral blood smear of AML?

<p>More than 20% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of blasts in L3 type of ALL?

<p>Large homogenous blasts, basophilic cytoplasm, round nucleus, prominent nucleoli, cytoplasmic vacuolation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of bone marrow in ALL?

<p>Cellularity increased, lymphoblast predominant, erythroid elements and megakaryocytes decreased (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of bone marrow in AML?

<p>Cellularity increased, myeloblast predominant, erythroid elements and megakaryocytes decreased (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the cytochemical stain used to detect myeloblasts in AML?

<p>Myeloperoxidase (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of blasts in L2 type of ALL?

<p>Heterogenous blasts, variable cytoplasm, irregular/cleft nucleus, large nucleoli (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the immunophenotyping marker for B cells in ALL?

<p>CD 19, CD 20, CD 22 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of Immunophenotyping?

<p>To study the protein expressed by cells using monoclonal antibodies (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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