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Questions and Answers
Which of the following statements about microbiology is correct?
Which of the following statements about microbiology is correct?
Which group of microorganisms is classified as prokaryotes?
Which group of microorganisms is classified as prokaryotes?
What percentage of microorganisms are considered beneficial?
What percentage of microorganisms are considered beneficial?
Which of the following is an acellular infectious agent?
Which of the following is an acellular infectious agent?
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Which classification is used to group organisms according to the type of cell?
Which classification is used to group organisms according to the type of cell?
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Which of the following is characteristic of eukaryotic cells?
Which of the following is characteristic of eukaryotic cells?
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What best describes the respiration process in prokaryotic cells?
What best describes the respiration process in prokaryotic cells?
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How do prokaryotic cells divide?
How do prokaryotic cells divide?
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Which statement correctly distinguishes archaebacteria from eubacteria?
Which statement correctly distinguishes archaebacteria from eubacteria?
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What is one key difference in the ribosome sizes of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
What is one key difference in the ribosome sizes of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
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Which of the following types of cells can be unicellular?
Which of the following types of cells can be unicellular?
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What feature is commonly absent in eukaryotic cells compared to prokaryotic cells?
What feature is commonly absent in eukaryotic cells compared to prokaryotic cells?
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Which domain includes organisms such as animals and fungi?
Which domain includes organisms such as animals and fungi?
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What defines the number of chromosomes in prokaryotic cells?
What defines the number of chromosomes in prokaryotic cells?
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What aspect of eukaryotic cells allows for greater complexity compared to prokaryotic cells?
What aspect of eukaryotic cells allows for greater complexity compared to prokaryotic cells?
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Study Notes
Pathogenic Microorganisms - 222 PHARM
- Topics covered include introduction to microorganisms, objectives, microbiology definition, scope of microbiology, classification of living organisms, prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, prokaryote vs eukaryote, domains, kingdoms, binomial nomenclature system of classification, bacterial shapes, and bacterial arrangements.
- Microbiology is the study of very small living organisms (microorganisms, M.O.) that cannot be seen with the naked eye.
Introduction to Microbial World
- Microbiology is the study of living things too small to be seen without a microscope.
- Microorganisms can be beneficial or pathogenic.
- Microorganisms include bacteria, archaea, fungi, protozoa, algae, and viruses.
Objectives
- Define microorganisms and the scope of microbiology.
- Understand the microbial world and microbial classification.
- Differentiate prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
- Describe various types, shapes, and arrangements of microorganisms under a microscope.
What is Microbiology?
- Microorganisms (M.O) are too small to see.
- Microbiology studies M.O,
- Most microbes are beneficial,
- Medical microbiology studies disease-causing microbes.
Scope of Microbiology
- Infectious agents – includes bacteria, fungi, protozoa, helminths and viruses.
- Viruses are acellular, non-living agents.
Classification of Living Organisms
- Based on cell type (prokaryotic/eukaryotic)
- Based on domains (Woese et al. 1990) -> Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya.
- Based on kingdoms (Cavalier-Smith 2000) -> example Archaebacteria,Eubacteria, Animalia, Plantae,Eumycota, Protista, Chromista.
Prokaryotic & Eukaryotic Cells
- Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles.
- Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. (Visual aid included)
Prokaryote vs. Eukaryote
- Key differences in cell structures and organization. (Data Table included)
Domains
- Three domains exist: Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya.
Kingdoms
- Six (or seven) kingdoms of living organisms are present. Examples include : Archaebacteria, Eubacteria, Animalia, plantae, fungi, protista, Chromista.
Binomial Nomenclature System
- Organisms are named using a two-part naming system: Genus species (e.g., Staphylococcus aureus).
- Genus is capitalized and species is lowercase.
- Both are italicized.
- Genus can be abbreviated (e.g., E. coli).
Bacterial Shapes
- Three basic shapes: Bacilli (rod-shaped), Cocci (spherical), Spiral (helical).
- Some bacteria are pleomorphic—meaning their shape varies.
Bacterial Arrangements
- Cocci can arrange in various patterns (e.g., diplococci, streptococci, tetrads)
- Bacilli can arrange in patterns (e.g., single, pairs). (Visual representation of arrangements included)
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Description
Explore the fascinating world of microorganisms with this quiz on pathogenic organisms. It covers essential topics such as the classification of living organisms, the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, and the various shapes and arrangements of bacteria. Perfect for pharmacy students looking to enhance their microbiology knowledge!
