Pathogenic Bacteria and Enzymes
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Questions and Answers

Which bacteria uses coagulase to cause blood to coagulate?

  • Corynebacterium diphtheriae
  • Staphylococcus aureus (correct)
  • Streptococcus
  • Clostridium perfringens
  • What is the name of the enzyme that breaks down hyaluronic acid, found in connective tissues?

  • Kinase
  • Hyaluronidase (correct)
  • Collagenase
  • Lecithinase
  • Which of the following is NOT a type of hemolysin?

  • Beta (β) Hemolytic
  • Gamma (γ) Hemolytic
  • Delta (δ) Hemolytic (correct)
  • Alpha (α) Hemolytic
  • Which bacteria uses a capsule to evade the host's natural defense?

    <p>Streptococcus pneumoniae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the enzyme that breaks down collagen, found in many connective tissues?

    <p>Collagenase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of an antiphagocytic factor?

    <p>Capsule</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bacteria uses surface proteins to evade the host's natural defense?

    <p>Staphylococcus aureus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the enzyme that breaks down lecithin, a mixture of fats essential to cells in the human body?

    <p>Lecithinase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following bacteria is an example of surviving inside phagocytes?

    <p>Tubercle bacillus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism of immune evasion used by bacteria that exhibit genetic variability?

    <p>Antigenic variation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the capacity of an organism to cause disease by means of toxins produced by the organism?

    <p>Toxicity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of toxin damages host cell membranes?

    <p>Cytolytic toxins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between exotoxins and endotoxins?

    <p>Type of bacteria producing them</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the component of endotoxins responsible for toxicity?

    <p>Lipid A portion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a type III toxin?

    <p>Toxin that inhibits protein synthesis in heart muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the ability of bacteria to resist the action of phagocytes?

    <p>Immune evasion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of fimbriae or pili in bacterial adhesion?

    <p>To resist flushing by the body's defense mechanisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum number of Vibrio cholerae cells required to cause disease in 50% of inoculated test animals?

    <p>10^8 cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of surface hydrophobicity in bacterial adhesion?

    <p>To enhance binding to host cell receptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an exception to the need for bacterial invasion to cause disease?

    <p>Bacteria that produce toxins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the lethal dose of a microbe's toxin that will kill 50% of experimentally inoculated test animals?

    <p>Lethal Dose 50</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of glycocalyx in bacterial adhesion?

    <p>To provide a capsule or slime layer for adherence</p> Signup and view all the answers

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