Podcast
Questions and Answers
What are the four stages of gingivitis to periodontitis?
What are the four stages of gingivitis to periodontitis?
Which of the following factors contribute to the progression of periodontal disease?
Which of the following factors contribute to the progression of periodontal disease?
What is the primary role of the host immune system in periodontal disease?
What is the primary role of the host immune system in periodontal disease?
What best describes 'biofilm' in the context of periodontal disease?
What best describes 'biofilm' in the context of periodontal disease?
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Which type of lesion is characterized by the earliest changes in gingival histology?
Which type of lesion is characterized by the earliest changes in gingival histology?
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What distinguishes an established lesion from an early lesion in periodontal disease?
What distinguishes an established lesion from an early lesion in periodontal disease?
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What role do virulence factors play in periodontal disease?
What role do virulence factors play in periodontal disease?
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Which statement accurately reflects the impact of the patient’s general health on periodontal disease management?
Which statement accurately reflects the impact of the patient’s general health on periodontal disease management?
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What initiates the initial lesion in periodontitis?
What initiates the initial lesion in periodontitis?
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Which stage of periodontitis follows the early lesion?
Which stage of periodontitis follows the early lesion?
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At what time frame does the early lesion occur relative to plaque accumulation?
At what time frame does the early lesion occur relative to plaque accumulation?
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What is primarily observed in the advanced lesion of periodontitis?
What is primarily observed in the advanced lesion of periodontitis?
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Which immune response component is crucial in the pathogenesis model of periodontal disease?
Which immune response component is crucial in the pathogenesis model of periodontal disease?
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Which of the following is not a feature of the initial lesion?
Which of the following is not a feature of the initial lesion?
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What is a characteristic feature of bacterial biofilm in the established lesion?
What is a characteristic feature of bacterial biofilm in the established lesion?
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Which host response mechanism is associated with connective tissue destruction in periodontitis?
Which host response mechanism is associated with connective tissue destruction in periodontitis?
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Which stage of periodontitis is most likely to exhibit clinical features such as pocket formation?
Which stage of periodontitis is most likely to exhibit clinical features such as pocket formation?
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What bacterial feature is critical for the virulence in periodontitis?
What bacterial feature is critical for the virulence in periodontitis?
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Study Notes
Pathogenesis of Periodontal Disease - Part 2
- Learning Outcomes: Students should be able to recap gingival histology, immunology, and pathogenesis; revise chemical mediators relevant to periodontal disease and host response; describe bacterial, cellular, tissue level and clinical characteristics of gingivitis to periodontitis through the four stages (initial, early, established, advanced); and explain contributing factors impacting disease progression.
Gingival and Periodontal Disease Stages
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Initial Lesion: Characterized by a 2-4 day period after plaque accumulation, presenting with bacterial features, cellular features (e.g blood vessels and neutrophils), tissue level features (surface inflammation), and clinical features (no symptoms).
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Early Lesion: 4-7 days after plaque accumulation, there are more bacteria, cellular features (T-cells and lymphocytes) and tissue level features (gingival inflammation) as well as clinical features (slight inflammation).
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Established Lesion: (21 days after plaque accumulation) exhibiting significant bacteria, cellular features (plasma cells and fibroblasts), tissue level features (bone resorption), and noticeable clinical features (advanced inflammation).
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Advanced Lesion: Features notable bone loss, substantial bacteria, cellular features(various immune cells), tissue level features (severe connective tissue destruction), and advanced clinical features (significant periodontal damage).
Model of Periodontal Disease
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Risk Factors: Environmental, acquired, and genetic factors contribute.
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Pathogenesis: Specific pathogenic bacteria, antibodies, antigens, LPS, virulence factors, and host immune responses interact within the host to initiate and progress inflammatory and connective tissue destruction/bone loss.
Host Immune System Role
- Host immune responses are crucial in the progression of periodontal disease.
GDC Learning Outcomes
- Oral diseases' description and relevance to prevention/treatment
- Aetiology and pathogenesis of oral disease
- Relevant physiology for patient care
- Periodontal and soft tissue health assessment/management considering risk and lifestyle factors
- Patient's periodontal and general health affecting treatment plans and outcomes.
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