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Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA) Clinical Features and Diagnosis

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Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA) Clinical Features and Diagnosis

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Questions and Answers

What is a common clinical feature of right-sided heart failure in congenital heart diseases?

Cold extremities and leg fatigue

Underdeveloped upper extremities

Loud P2 on auscultation (correct)

Cyanosis in the early stages

Which diagnostic finding is typically associated with coarctation of the aorta?

Dilated right ventricle on echocardiogram

Notching of the ribs on chest X-ray (correct)

Continuous 'machinery murmur' on auscultation

Calcifications of the ductus arteriosus on chest X-ray

Which complication is associated with untreated coarctation of the aorta?

Rupture of cerebral aneurysms (correct)

Reversal of blood flow (Eisenmenger syndrome)

Lower-extremity clubbing

Pulmonary hypertension

What is the test of choice for diagnosing an atrial septal defect (ASD)?

Echocardiogram Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is characterized by very high pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) leading to symptoms like shortness of breath, dyspnea on exertion, and cyanosis?

Eisenmenger disease Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary treatment approach for symptomatic aneurysms of any size or asymptomatic aneurysms ≥5.5 cm?

Surgical repair with stent placement Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom is typically seen in patients with atrial septal defect?

Exercise intolerance Signup and view all the answers

What is a serious complication associated with Eisenmenger disease?

Irreversible pulmonary hypertension Signup and view all the answers

What diagnostic tool is considered most effective for confirming congenital heart diseases?

Echocardiogram (TEE) Signup and view all the answers

Which ECG findings are associated with congenital heart diseases?

Right bundle branch block and right axis deviation Signup and view all the answers