Password Cracking: Introduction and Hash Functions

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Questions and Answers

What is the basic problem that any system with access control must solve?

  • Managing password expiration dates
  • Generating secure random passwords
  • Verifying the identity of the user (correct)
  • Storing password in plain text

Why is it important for a password to be difficult to guess?

  • To reduce the load on the server
  • To prevent unauthorized access (correct)
  • To make it more memorable for the user
  • To speed up the login process

What is the purpose of a hash function in password storage?

  • To store the password in plain text
  • To protect the password from being easily reversed (correct)
  • To verify the password during login
  • To generate random passwords

What security problem arises when the system checks the password?

<p>Vulnerability to eavesdropping (A)</p>
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Why do passwords play a crucial role in authentication?

<p>To verify the identity of the user (C)</p>
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What does a lock constituted by three cylinders with only digits symbolize in relation to guessing passwords?

<p>Reducing the probability of guessing the password (B)</p>
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What is the total number of positions in the lock constituted by three cylinders?

<p>46656 (A)</p>
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How many characters are typically included in passwords?

<p>At least 8 (C)</p>
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What is the approximate time required for brute-forcing a password of 10 characters?

<p>~42 Million of Billions of years (B)</p>
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What kind of passwords are commonly chosen and considered insecure?

<p>Passwords containing personal information (A)</p>
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What is the significance of using base-words when creating passwords?

<p>It decreases the difficulty to guess passwords (B)</p>
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What is the total number of words in the English dictionary?

<p>~170,000 (B)</p>
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How many hash attempts per second can Nvidia’s new RTX 4090 graphics card achieve in breaking passwords?

<p>300GH/sec (D)</p>
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What are considered as examples of base-words according to the text?

<p>Vision2030, qwertysaudi, omar1981 (A)</p>
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What is the total number of possible combinations for a lock constituted by three cylinders?

<p>46656 (A)</p>
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What should be avoided in creating passwords according to the text?

<p>Passwords containing personal information (A)</p>
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What is the basic problem that any system with access control must solve?

<p>Proving the user's identity reliably (A)</p>
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Why do passwords play a crucial role in authentication?

<p>To verify the user's identity during authentication (B)</p>
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What is the purpose of a hash function in password storage?

<p>To generate a unique code for each user's password (D)</p>
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Why is it important for a password to be difficult to guess?

<p>To protect against unauthorized access to user accounts (C)</p>
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What security problem arises when the system checks the password?

<p>Guessing the correct sequence of characters (B)</p>
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What is the total number of possible combinations for a lock constituted by three cylinders?

<p>$1000$ (B)</p>
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What is the total number of positions in the lock constituted by three cylinders?

<p>46656 (B)</p>
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How many hash attempts per second can Nvidia’s new RTX 4090 graphics card achieve in breaking passwords?

<p>200KH/sec (B)</p>
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What is the approximate time required for brute-forcing a password of 10 characters?

<ol start="46"> <li>= 42,420,747,482,776,576 (~42 Millions of Billions) seconds (B)</li> </ol>
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What is considered as an example of a base-word according to the text?

<p>riyadh (D)</p>
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What is the total number of words in the English dictionary?

<p>~170 (C)</p>
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How many characters are typically included in passwords?

<p>~8 (A)</p>
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What does a lock constituted by three cylinders with only digits symbolize in relation to guessing passwords?

<p>High guessing difficulty (B)</p>
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Why should personal information and common words be avoided in creating passwords according to the text?

<p>Because they decrease the difficulty to guess passwords (D)</p>
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