19 Questions
What is the main function of lysosomes in the cell?
Break down macromolecules like proteins and nucleic acids
How are enzymes synthesized and delivered to lysosomes?
Synthesized in rough ER, sorted in Golgi, then packaged into lysosomes
What is the role of mitochondria in eukaryotic cells?
Generate usable energy through cellular respiration
What makes mitochondria and chloroplasts semi-autonomous organelles?
They have circular genomes and grow independently of other compartments
Which organelle is responsible for maintaining an acidic internal environment in the cell?
Lysosomes
What is the primary function of contractile vacuoles in the cell?
Regulate water content and prevent cell swelling
What is the function of turgor pressure in a cell?
To resist deformation of the cell wall
Which organelle contributes to turgor pressure in plant and fungal cells?
Vacuole
What is the role of the cytoskeleton in a cell?
Maintaining shape and serving as a network of tracks for movement of substances
What is the main function of a contractile vacuole in a cell?
Expelling excess water from the cell
How does the endomembrane system compartmentalize a cell?
By facilitating communication between organelles through membrane 'bridges'
What is the primary role of the cytoplasm in a cell?
To provide a jelly-like environment surrounding organelles
Which type of transport involves the net movement of substances from areas of higher to lower concentration?
Simple diffusion
What is the primary source of energy for primary active transport?
ATP
What is the main function of aquaporins in cell membranes?
Facilitated diffusion of water
What type of transport utilizes the energy of an electrochemical gradient to drive movement of ions or molecules?
Secondary active transport
Which process is responsible for the movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane?
Osmosis
What prevents cells from lysing or bursting due to excessive water intake in protists and single-celled eukaryotes?
Contractile vacuoles
Which structure helps maintain the shape and internal composition of cells by being external to the cell membrane?
Cell wall
Learn about passive transport and diffusion in cells, including the movement of substances from higher to lower concentration. Explore the concepts of simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion through protein transporters like aquaporins.
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