Questions and Answers
What does the equities team primarily decide regarding the allocated funds?
What do coupon-paying bonds provide to investors?
Which of the following best describes an active management strategy for equities?
What type of investment asset focuses on regular fixed payments and obligations?
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Which option illustrates the main characteristic of zero-coupon bonds?
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What is one of the key benefits of investing in international equities?
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Which method of stock selection relies on assessing a company's financial health and market position?
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What will participants forecast in the Share Price Forecasting Game?
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Which stock selection method is consistent with the principles of portfolio theory?
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What is a potential reward for participating in the Share Price Forecasting Game?
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What percentage of portfolio return is generally attributed to asset allocation?
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What consequence was observed in 2008 regarding the S&P/ASX200 Index?
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What is the primary objective of strategic asset allocation (SAA)?
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Which statement best describes tactical asset allocation (TAA)?
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Which statement is true about long-term equity returns compared to other assets?
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Which factor is NOT mentioned as a practical issue related to direct share investments?
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How do managers typically engage with dynamic asset allocation (DAA)?
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What is a common misconception about the effectiveness of tactical asset allocation?
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What is the primary way to buy and sell listed shares in Australia?
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What does strategic asset allocation (SAA) assume about asset classes?
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What investment style involves considering the types of industries when selecting shares?
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What does tactical asset allocation often refer to?
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Which statement about investing in unlisted companies is true?
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Which strategy may involve switching funds to replicate certain payoff behaviors?
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Which of the following options is not associated with the Australian Stock Exchange (ASX)?
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What is a key benefit of adding more assets to an investment portfolio?
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What is the present value of a cash flow of $4,000 received at the end of each year for four years, discounted at a rate of 3%?
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In the context of Zero Coupon Bonds (ZCB), what does the formula P = FV / [1 + (r x d/365)] represent?
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Which risk is considered when trading bonds based on interest rate forecasts?
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What distinguishes bonds from stocks in terms of payment at maturity?
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Which of the following is not considered a risk associated with bonds?
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What is a primary characteristic of bonds that makes them appealing for investment?
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What can lead to profits or losses on capital when dealing with bonds?
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What is the effective interest earned on a $1,000,000 90-day Zero Coupon Bond issued at a quoted rate of 5%?
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Study Notes
Passive Management Styles
- Approximately 90% of portfolio returns are derived from asset allocation, indicating limited value in specific asset selection.
- This finding raises questions about its consistency with theoretical diversification principles.
Strategic Asset Allocation (SAA)
- SAA involves setting target percentage allocations among various asset classes.
- The goal is to identify efficient allocations and adopt a buy-and-hold strategy.
- Managers believe aggregate asset classes are efficiently priced, with no abnormal profits possible from switching investments.
- Periodic rebalancing of portfolios occurs to maintain original target allocations as returns fluctuate.
Tactical Asset Allocation (TAA)
- TAA is based on the belief that certain asset classes are mispriced, focusing on temporary mispricing.
- Managers aim to outperform passive benchmarks through market timing, making it an active approach.
- Empirical evidence suggests that most managers struggle with effective market timing.
Dynamic Asset Allocation (DAA)
- DAA can refer to periodic rebalancing under SAA and TAA strategies or market timing motivated switches.
- Some definitions of DAA include strategies to replicate return distributions, like switching funds to mimic option payoffs.
Asset Allocation Example
- Investment teams decide specific investments within equities, bonds, or property based on risk profiles and regulations.
- Active management involves frequent trading to capitalize on price movements, while passive management follows a buy-and-hold approach.
Investment Assets: Cash and Bonds
- Bonds are contracts between issuers and investors, requiring specified cash payments on future dates.
- Payments consist of the principal and interest, categorized as coupon-paying bonds or zero-coupon bonds.
Coupon-Paying Bonds
- These bonds offer regular interest payments, with valuations considering the inverse relationship between price and yield.
Zero-Coupon Bond (ZCB) Valuation
- Valuation involves discounting a single future cash flow, typically utilizing short-term maturity for calculations.
Investing in Bonds
- Bonds provide fixed returns that rank before equity returns, perceived as low risk when held to maturity.
- However, trading bonds based on interest rate forecasts can introduce high risk.
Risks of Bonds
- Key risks include interest rate risk, reinvestment risk, inflation risk, credit/default risk, and liquidity risk.
- Long-term equity returns tend to outperform bonds, but short-term equity investments can lead to significant market losses.
Direct Investment in Shares
- Practical issues in direct share investments include purchase methods, share selection, transaction costs, ownership documentation, and taxation.
Investing in Shares in Australia
- Shares are traded on the Australian Stock Exchange (ASX), requiring broker accounts for transactions.
- Private company shares are harder to identify and usually involve personal relationships.
Stock Selection Methods
- Selecting stocks involves various methods: fundamental analysis, technical analysis, or random selection, each tied to finance theory.
- The ASX provides access to diverse industries for potential diversification beyond Australian shares.
Share Price Forecasting Game
- A forecasting game encourages participation, with potential bonus marks for accurate predictions of closing share prices for specified companies.
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Description
This quiz explores passive management styles and their effectiveness in portfolio returns, highlighting the significance of asset allocation. Examine the evidence around the interpretation of theoretical diversification principles and the contributions of individual asset selection. Test your understanding of these key concepts in finance.
