Parts of a Plant Cell Flashcards

Parts of a Plant Cell

• There are 14 distinct parts that make up a plant cell.

Cell Wall

• A rigid layer surrounding plant cells and some organisms, providing structure and support.

Cytoplasm

• Jellylike fluid within the cell that suspends organelles, allowing for cellular processes.

Cell Membrane

• Thin, flexible barrier around the cell that regulates the entry and exit of substances.

Lysosome

• Small, round structures containing enzymes that digest large food particles into smaller components.

Vacuole

• Water-filled sac serving as a storage area for nutrients, waste products, and other materials.

Nucleus

• Known as the brain of the cell; it houses genetic material and oversees cellular activities.

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

• Network of membranes involved in protein synthesis, characterized by ribosomes on its surface.

Nucleolus

• A dense region within the nucleus where ribosomal RNA is produced and assembled.

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

• Membrane network that synthesizes lipids and detoxifies certain chemicals, lacking ribosomes.

Nuclear Membrane

• Double-layered membrane that surrounds the nucleus, controlling the movement of materials in and out.

Ribosomes

• Small organelles found in the cytoplasm where protein synthesis occurs; often depicted as tiny dots.

Chloroplast

• Organelles in plant cells that capture sunlight to convert it into chemical energy via photosynthesis.

Mitochondria

• Powerhouses of the cell generating energy through cellular respiration, essential for various cellular functions.

Golgi Body

• Structure that modifies, packages, and distributes proteins and other materials received from the endoplasmic reticulum.