Parts of a Cell Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

What is the function of the Cell Membrane?

Controls what gets in and out of the cell (correct)

Synthesizes proteins

Stores waste products

Produces energy for the cell

The cell membrane is analogous to what?

A door

What is the main function of mitochondria?

Controls gene expression

Makes energy for the cell (correct)

Synthesizes proteins

Stores nutrients

The mitochondria can be compared to what?

A battery Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the nucleus?

Control gene expression Signup and view all the answers

The nucleus is analogous to what?

A remote controller Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the cell wall?

Provides structural support Signup and view all the answers

The cell wall can be compared to what?

A storm shelter Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of vacuoles?

To store things Signup and view all the answers

Vacuoles are analogous to what?

A storage facility Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of chloroplasts?

Absorbing sunlight to produce food Signup and view all the answers

Chloroplasts can be compared to what?

A farmer Signup and view all the answers

What function does cytoplasm serve?

Fills the cell Signup and view all the answers

Cytoplasm is analogous to what?

A gusher's filling Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?

Acts as a storage organelle Signup and view all the answers

The smooth endoplasmic reticulum is analogous to what?

A smooth road Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum?

Synthesizes and secretes serum proteins Signup and view all the answers

The rough endoplasmic reticulum is analogous to what?

An assembly line Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the Golgi apparatus?

Modifies, sorts, and packages proteins Signup and view all the answers

The Golgi apparatus is analogous to what?

A post office Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of lysosomes?

To kill and digest bacteria Signup and view all the answers

Lysosomes can be compared to what?

Algae eaters Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the nucleolus?

Round body inside the nucleus Signup and view all the answers

The nucleolus is analogous to what?

An onion Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Cell Membrane

Controls the entry and exit of substances in and out of the cell.
Composed of a phospholipid bilayer featuring hydrophobic tails and hydrophilic heads.
Present in both plant and animal cells.

Mitochondria

Functions as the powerhouse of the cell, converting food into usable energy (ATP).
Varies in quantity depending on cell type; muscle cells can contain thousands.
Mitochondria are found in both plant and animal cells.

Nucleus

Acts as the control center, regulating gene expression and DNA replication.
Defined as a signature feature of eukaryotic cells, absent in prokaryotic cells.
Surrounded by a protective membrane, prominently housed within plant and animal cells.

Cell Wall

Provides structural support and protection; only present in plant cells.
Composed of cellulose, contributing to cell shape and durability.
Functions like a protective barrier similar to a storm shelter.

Vacuoles

Serves as storage for nutrients, waste, and other materials.
Primarily found in plant cells, also sequestering food and waste.
Protects the cell from contamination by isolating waste products.

Chloroplasts

Converts sunlight into chemical energy through photosynthesis.
Contains chlorophyll, necessary for capturing light energy.
Exclusively found in plant cells.

Cytoplasm

The semi-fluid medium that fills the cell, facilitating the movement of materials.
Contains dissolved molecules including enzymes, fatty acids, sugars, and amino acids.
Found in both plant and animal cells, aids in cellular function and waste management.

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

Functions as a storage organelle important for lipid and steroid synthesis.
Smooth in appearance compared to Rough ER due to lack of ribosomes.
Present in both plant and animal cells, with higher concentrations in cells that release oils.

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

Synthesizes and secretes proteins via ribosomes attached to its surface.
Rough appearance is due to the presence of ribosomes, often associated with the nuclear envelope.
Located in both plant and animal cells.

Golgi Apparatus

Modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for secretion.
Functions like a post office, packaging macromolecules for transport.
Composed of stacks of membranes and found in both plant and animal cells.

Lysosomes

Contains digestive enzymes to break down waste, bacteria, and cellular debris.
Plays a role in cellular cleanup and recycling.
Typically found in animal cells, functioning similarly to algae eaters in aquariums.

Nucleolus

A round structure within the nucleus, involved in ribosome production.
Can have multiple nucleoli within a nucleus, but human cells typically contain one.
Found exclusively in eukaryotic animal cells.

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Description

Explore the parts of a cell through engaging flashcards focusing on key definitions and analogies. Learn about the cell membrane and its essential functions with relatable comparisons. This educational tool is perfect for students seeking to enhance their understanding of cell biology.