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Questions and Answers
Which of the following sentences demonstrates the correct use of a participle phrase at the beginning of a sentence, ensuring the implied subject matches the main clause's subject?
Which of the following sentences demonstrates the correct use of a participle phrase at the beginning of a sentence, ensuring the implied subject matches the main clause's subject?
- Having finished his homework, the television was turned on.
- Walking through the forest, a deer suddenly appeared.
- Knowing the answer, Sarah confidently raised her hand. (correct)
- Exhausted from the long journey, the hotel room was a welcome sight.
In which sentence is the underlined participle used to provide additional, non-essential information about the noun it modifies?
In which sentence is the underlined participle used to provide additional, non-essential information about the noun it modifies?
- The _missing_ child was found safe and sound.
- The _broken_ vase lay in pieces on the floor.
- The _setting_ sun cast long shadows across the field.
- The artist, _inspired_ by nature, created a masterpiece. (correct)
Which sentence correctly uses a participle phrase to express a cause-and-effect relationship, functioning as an adverb?
Which sentence correctly uses a participle phrase to express a cause-and-effect relationship, functioning as an adverb?
- The book, _signed_ by the author, became a collector's item.
- _Covered_ in snow, the mountain range was breathtaking.
- _Realizing_ the mistake, he quickly apologized. (correct)
- The child _playing_ in the park is my son.
Identify the sentence where the participle phrase functions as an adjective to identify the noun it modifies, thus requiring no commas.
Identify the sentence where the participle phrase functions as an adjective to identify the noun it modifies, thus requiring no commas.
Choose the sentence that correctly uses a past participle in a reduced adjective clause.
Choose the sentence that correctly uses a past participle in a reduced adjective clause.
Which sentence demonstrates the correct use of commas with a participle phrase that adds extra information and can be removed without changing the core meaning of the sentence?
Which sentence demonstrates the correct use of commas with a participle phrase that adds extra information and can be removed without changing the core meaning of the sentence?
Select the sentence where the participle phrase most effectively creates a sense of simultaneous action, enhancing the description.
Select the sentence where the participle phrase most effectively creates a sense of simultaneous action, enhancing the description.
Which of the following sentences contains a participle functioning as an adverb of condition?
Which of the following sentences contains a participle functioning as an adverb of condition?
Identify the sentence in which a participle is used incorrectly, leading to a dangling modifier or a mismatch between the implied subject and the main clause's subject.
Identify the sentence in which a participle is used incorrectly, leading to a dangling modifier or a mismatch between the implied subject and the main clause's subject.
Select the sentence that best illustrates how a participle phrase can replace an adverbial clause to create a more concise and stylistically varied sentence.
Select the sentence that best illustrates how a participle phrase can replace an adverbial clause to create a more concise and stylistically varied sentence.
Flashcards
What is a participle?
What is a participle?
Participles act as adjectives/adverbs, adding variety and style by shortening sentences.
What is an Adjective Participle?
What is an Adjective Participle?
A reduced adjective clause that modifies a noun by identifying it or giving extra information; essentially, an adjective clause minus the subject and verb.
Subject Agreement in Participles
Subject Agreement in Participles
The implied subject in a participle phrase must match the subject of the independent clause.
Participle Phrase Placement
Participle Phrase Placement
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Participle After a Comma
Participle After a Comma
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Participles as Adverbs
Participles as Adverbs
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Clarifying Adverbial Participles
Clarifying Adverbial Participles
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Study Notes
Participles Overview
- Participles enhance sentence variety, shorten sentences, and add style
- Active/present and passive/past are the two types of participles
- Past participles are also known as verb three (e.g., eaten)
- "ing" words can be gerunds (nouns), continuous verbs, adjectives, or adverbs
- Participles become adjectives and adverbs
Adjective Participles
- Adjective participles are reduced adjective clauses
- Adjective clauses modify nouns by identifying them or giving extra info
- Participles are essentially adjective clauses minus the subject and verb
Example 1: "Dressed in his class-A uniform, the marine looked like a recruitment poster."
- Passive/past participle: "dressed"
- "The marine, who was dressed in his class-A uniform, looked like a recruitment poster" is the original adjective clause form
- "Who was" is removed to form the participle phrase
- When a participle phrase starts a sentence, its implied subject must match the subject of the independent clause
Example 2: "Standing near the window, Marie could see the entire village."
- Correct example
- "Marie" is the subject, Marie is implied to be the one standing
- Original: "Marie, who was standing near the window, could see the entire village."
Example 3: "Standing near the window, the entire village was in view."
- Incorrect example
- The subject is "the village," which cannot stand near the window
- The implied subject in the participle must be the same as the main clause's subject.
Participle Placement
- Participle phrases can start or be in the middle of a sentence
Example 4: "The jazz musician, known for his tendency to daydream, got into a zone and played for an hour straight."
- known is used as a participle to give extra information about the musician
- Commas are used to set this off since, "known for his tendency to daydream" is an adjective Clause
- Original: "The jazz musician, who was known for his tendency to daydream, got into a zone and played for an hour straight."
Example 5: "The woman talking to Jeff is his sister."
- "Talking" identifies the woman
- No commas because it is an identifying adjective clause
- Original: "The woman who is talking to Jeff is his sister."
Example 6: "The station chief was fired, meaning there's an open position."
- Meaning comes after the comma
- The "which" refers to the entire independent clause
- Not an identifying adjective clause so it ends the sentence
- Original: "The station chief was fired, which means there's an open position."
One-Word Participles
- If only one participle word remains after reduction, treat it as a regular adjective before the noun
- Ex: "The broken window was fixed."
Participles as Adverbs
- Adverb participles reduce adverb clauses.
- Adverb clauses show a relationship between themselves and the independent clause
Example 7: "Given the choice, most people would probably choose good health over good fortune."
- It is a conditional adverb clause reduced to a conditional participle.
- The subject must always agree.
- Original: "If they were given the choice, most people would probably choose good health over good fortune."
Example 8: "Realizing that the police were on to him, Bernie quickly moved his millions off shore."
- "Realizing that the police were on to him" could be an adjective or an adverb.
- Most people will assume an adjective participle
- Original-Adjective: "Bernie who realized that the police were on to him, quickly moved his millions off shore."
- Original-Adverb: "As he realized or because he realized that the police were on to him, Bernie quickly moved his millions off shore."
- Add a conjunction to ensure an adverb participle is understood
- To focus on the adverb relationship add while: "While Delivering his speech to the council, Frank had a heart attack meaning that the longer action and a quick action happened at the same time
Example 9: "She refused to cooperate while targeted by the media."
- In some cases you have to include the conjunction
- Example without conjunction does not make as much sense on its own
- Because there is no noun a verb it is understood as an adverb
- Original "She refused to cooperate while she was targeted by the media."
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Description
Learn about participles, including active and passive forms. Explore how participles function as adjectives, reducing adjective clauses. Examples provided.
