35 Questions
Which cortex is responsible for organizing declarative memory?
Temporal cortex
Which layer of the cortex typically contains pyramidal neurons whose axons leave the cortex?
Layer 5-6
What is the primary function of the frontal association cortex?
Governing 'executive functions' like planning behavior
What was the first documented personality change due to frontal lobe damage?
Impatience, obstinacy, and loss of social skills
What is the main effect of lesions in the orbital region of the prefrontal cortex?
Inability to suppress distracting stimuli
What is the specific effect of lesions in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex?
Deficits in working memory and (motor) planning
What do the planning neurons in the prefrontal cortex specifically fire to?
Delayed response task
Which of the following is true about parietal cortex participation in attention and movement?
It participates in the construction of spatial representations guiding attention and movement
What is the result of right inferior parietal lobe injury?
Deficits in attention to the left side of space
Which statement accurately describes synesthesia?
It is a perceptual phenomenon where stimulation of one pathway leads to experiences in another
What is the primary function of the parietal association cortex?
Analyzes space, generates attention, and transmits sensory information to the motor system
How many cortical layers do humans typically have?
3 to 6 layers, depending on the area of cortex
What is a common feature of the circuitry of all cortical regions?
Each cortical layer has a primary source of inputs and a primary output target
What was the primary personality change observed in Phineas Gage after the accident?
Loss of social skills and patience
Which region of the prefrontal cortex is associated with impaired decision making and flattened affect?
Orbital
What is the specific effect of lesions in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex?
Deficits in working memory and planning
What was the result of bilateral lesion of the prefrontal cortex in the delayed response task in monkeys?
Diminished/abolished ability to locate food
Which syndrome is associated with lesions in the parietal cortex?
Left hemispatial neglect syndrome
Which phenomenon involves stimulation of one pathway leading to experiences in another?
Synesthesia
Which technique is used to stimulate neurons in the brain?
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS)
What is the primary function of the parietal association cortex?
Analyzes space, generates attention, and transmits sensory information to the motor system
What is the primary role of the frontal association cortex?
Governs executive functions, plans behavior, and facilitates working memory
How many cortical layers do humans typically have?
3 to 6 layers
What is the primary role of the temporal cortex (hippocampus)?
Organizes declarative memory and is involved in higher order visual and auditory processing
What is the circuitry feature common to all cortical regions?
Each cortical layer has a primary source of inputs and a primary output target
What is the primary focus of psychosurgery involving the frontal lobe?
Altering personality and behavior
Which region of the prefrontal cortex is associated with impaired social behavior and flattened affect?
Orbital
What is the specific effect of lesions in the medial region of the prefrontal cortex?
Apathy and loss of attention to surroundings
What is the function of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex executive functions?
Motor planning
What was the first documented personality change due to frontal lobe damage?
Loss of social skills and impatience
Which phenomenon involves stimulation of one pathway leading to experiences in another?
Synesthesia
What technique is used to stimulate neurons in the brain?
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS)
Which lobe injury can lead to deficits in attention to the left side of space?
Right inferior parietal lobe
What is the primary function of the parietal association cortex?
Construction of spatial representations guiding attention and movement
Which cortex is always affected in left hemispatial neglect syndrome?
Parietal cortex
Study Notes
Parietal Cortex and Associated Syndromes
- Parietal cortex is always affected in left hemispatial neglect syndrome
- Thalamic connections to association cortex come from the Mediodorsal thalamus, Pulvinar, and Ventral anterior nucleus
- Association cortex connectivity is defined by a distinct set of thalamic, cortical, and subcortical connections
- Synesthesia is a perceptual phenomenon where stimulation of one pathway leads to experiences in another
- Lesion studies disrupt function and are messy, lacking fine spatial resolution
- Functional studies provide real-time assessment of function in living patients
- Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) is a technique used to stimulate neurons in the brain
- Parietal cortex participates in the construction of spatial representations guiding attention and movement
- Lesions in parietal cortex can result in contralateral neglect syndrome
- Right inferior parietal lobe injury can lead to deficits in attention to the left side of space
- Right hemisphere tends to dominate attention for both sides, while left hemisphere is occupied with language
- Parietal neurons respond more intensely to attended objects than unattended ones
Parietal Cortex and Associated Syndromes
- Parietal cortex is always affected in left hemispatial neglect syndrome
- Thalamic connections to association cortex come from the Mediodorsal thalamus, Pulvinar, and Ventral anterior nucleus
- Association cortex connectivity is defined by a distinct set of thalamic, cortical, and subcortical connections
- Synesthesia is a perceptual phenomenon where stimulation of one pathway leads to experiences in another
- Lesion studies disrupt function and are messy, lacking fine spatial resolution
- Functional studies provide real-time assessment of function in living patients
- Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) is a technique used to stimulate neurons in the brain
- Parietal cortex participates in the construction of spatial representations guiding attention and movement
- Lesions in parietal cortex can result in contralateral neglect syndrome
- Right inferior parietal lobe injury can lead to deficits in attention to the left side of space
- Right hemisphere tends to dominate attention for both sides, while left hemisphere is occupied with language
- Parietal neurons respond more intensely to attended objects than unattended ones
Parietal Cortex and Associated Syndromes
- Parietal cortex is always affected in left hemispatial neglect syndrome
- Thalamic connections to association cortex come from the Mediodorsal thalamus, Pulvinar, and Ventral anterior nucleus
- Association cortex connectivity is defined by a distinct set of thalamic, cortical, and subcortical connections
- Synesthesia is a perceptual phenomenon where stimulation of one pathway leads to experiences in another
- Lesion studies disrupt function and are messy, lacking fine spatial resolution
- Functional studies provide real-time assessment of function in living patients
- Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) is a technique used to stimulate neurons in the brain
- Parietal cortex participates in the construction of spatial representations guiding attention and movement
- Lesions in parietal cortex can result in contralateral neglect syndrome
- Right inferior parietal lobe injury can lead to deficits in attention to the left side of space
- Right hemisphere tends to dominate attention for both sides, while left hemisphere is occupied with language
- Parietal neurons respond more intensely to attended objects than unattended ones
Test your knowledge of the parietal cortex and associated syndromes with this quiz. Explore topics such as hemispatial neglect, thalamic connections, synesthesia, lesion studies, and the role of the parietal cortex in spatial representations and attention.
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