Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is characteristic of the scolex of Taenia saginata?
What is characteristic of the scolex of Taenia saginata?
- Has peripheral chromatin
- Lacks rostellar hooks (correct)
- Armed with 2 rows of large and small hooklets
- Has a rostellum
How many proglottids does Taenia saginata have?
How many proglottids does Taenia saginata have?
- 3000-4000
- 100-200
- 2000-3000
- 1000-2000 (correct)
What is characteristic of Entamoeba histolytica?
What is characteristic of Entamoeba histolytica?
- Motility in one direction, progressive (correct)
- Motility in several directions, sluggish
- Nucleus with uniformly sized chromatin granules
- Endoplasm with bacteria, yeasts, and cell detritus
What is characteristic of Entamoeba coli?
What is characteristic of Entamoeba coli?
What is characteristic of the trophozoite of Entamoeba histolytica?
What is characteristic of the trophozoite of Entamoeba histolytica?
What is characteristic of the cyst of Entamoeba histolytica?
What is characteristic of the cyst of Entamoeba histolytica?
What is characteristic of the nucleus of Entamoeba histolytica?
What is characteristic of the nucleus of Entamoeba histolytica?
What is characteristic of the nucleus of Entamoeba coli?
What is characteristic of the nucleus of Entamoeba coli?
What is the result of the combination of macro- and microgametocytes in the Anopheles mosquito?
What is the result of the combination of macro- and microgametocytes in the Anopheles mosquito?
What is the characteristic periodic fever pattern of P.falciparum?
What is the characteristic periodic fever pattern of P.falciparum?
Which of the following is a complication of P.falciparum infection?
Which of the following is a complication of P.falciparum infection?
What is the purpose of thick blood film in malaria diagnosis?
What is the purpose of thick blood film in malaria diagnosis?
What is the function of hypnozoites in malaria?
What is the function of hypnozoites in malaria?
Which genetic disorder is resistant to malaria?
Which genetic disorder is resistant to malaria?
What is the term for a mixed infection of P.vivax and P.falciparum?
What is the term for a mixed infection of P.vivax and P.falciparum?
What is the name of the stain used in the diagnosis of malaria?
What is the name of the stain used in the diagnosis of malaria?
What is a common cause of congenital infection?
What is a common cause of congenital infection?
What is the characteristic of the trophozoite stage of Dientamoeba fragilis?
What is the characteristic of the trophozoite stage of Dientamoeba fragilis?
What is the name of the test used to diagnose Toxoplasma gondii?
What is the name of the test used to diagnose Toxoplasma gondii?
Which of the following is a disease caused by Toxoplasma gondii?
Which of the following is a disease caused by Toxoplasma gondii?
What is the name of the form of Toxoplasma gondii that is actively dividing?
What is the name of the form of Toxoplasma gondii that is actively dividing?
What is the intermediate host of Diphyllobothrium latum?
What is the intermediate host of Diphyllobothrium latum?
What is the characteristic of the vacuolated form of Blastocystis hominis?
What is the characteristic of the vacuolated form of Blastocystis hominis?
What is the mode of transmission of Dientamoeba fragilis?
What is the mode of transmission of Dientamoeba fragilis?
What is the common name of the insect that is the vector of urban dengue?
What is the common name of the insect that is the vector of urban dengue?
What type of filariasis is Mansonia bonneae associated with?
What type of filariasis is Mansonia bonneae associated with?
What is the purpose of examining thick blood films in laboratory methods?
What is the purpose of examining thick blood films in laboratory methods?
What is the name of the cockroach that lays about 50 egg capsules?
What is the name of the cockroach that lays about 50 egg capsules?
What type of larvae is associated with the disease Myiasis?
What type of larvae is associated with the disease Myiasis?
What is the common name of Pthirus pubis?
What is the common name of Pthirus pubis?
What is the name of the mosquito that is a vector of rural dengue?
What is the name of the mosquito that is a vector of rural dengue?
What is the name of the fly that has a 'chess-board appearance'?
What is the name of the fly that has a 'chess-board appearance'?
What is the Leishman-Donovan body also known as?
What is the Leishman-Donovan body also known as?
What is the agent of Old World cutaneous leishmaniasis?
What is the agent of Old World cutaneous leishmaniasis?
Where is the nucleus located in the Epimastigote form?
Where is the nucleus located in the Epimastigote form?
What is the vector of Leishmania?
What is the vector of Leishmania?
What is the pathology of Leishmania tropica?
What is the pathology of Leishmania tropica?
What is the habitat of Leishmania braziliensis?
What is the habitat of Leishmania braziliensis?
Study Notes
Stool Examination
- Taenia saginata: no scolex, length up to 25m, 1000-2000 proglottids
- Taenia solium: scolex with rostellum and 2 rows of hooklets, length up to 7m
Amoebas
- Entamoeba:
- Trophozoite: unidirectional motility, 1 pseudopod, endoplasm with RBC but no bacteria
- Cyst: peripheral chromatin, chromatoidal bars
- Endolimax/Iodamoeba:
- No peripheral chromatin, no chromatoidal bars
Hemoflagellates
- Include trypanosomes and leishmanias
- Infect blood, lymph nodes, muscles, and RES
- Amastigote: Leishman-Donovan body, leishmanial form
- Promastigote: leptomonal form, near nucleus
- Epimastigote: crithidial form, near nucleus
- Trypomastigote: trypanosomal form, posterior to nucleus
Leishmania
- Leishmania tropica: agent of old world cutaneous leishmaniasis, habitat in endothelial cells and monocytes, vector Phlebotomus or Lutzomyia
- Leishmania braziliensis: agent of American mucocutaneous leishmaniasis, habitat in mucocutaneous junctions, vector Phlebotomus or Lutzomyia
Malaria
- Symptoms and Pathology: recurrent chills and fever, anemia, splenomegaly, joint pain
- P. falciparum: malignant tertian malaria, cerebral malaria, blackwater fever
- P. ovale: benign tertian malaria
- P. vivax: benign tertian malaria, relapse due to hypnozoites
- P. malariae: quartan malaria
- Lab Diagnosis: examination of blood film, thick film for screening, thin film for species identification
Toxoplasma gondii
- Characteristics: common cause of congenital infection
- DH: cat, oocyst in cat feces may infect man
- IH: man, bradyzoite = inactive form, tachyzoite = actively dividing
- Lab Diagnosis: Sabin-Feldman dye test
Other Intestinal Protozoans
- Blastocystis hominis: vacuolated form, large central vacuole
- Dientamoeba fragilis: former amoeba, now classified as flagellate, trophozoite stage only, 2 nuclei (“Binucleated trophozoite”)
Arthropods
- Copepods (Cyclops): IH of D. latum, D. medinensis, and Gnathostoma spinigerum
- Pthirus pubis: crab louse, agent of “crabs”
- Myiasis: invasion of mammalian tissues by dipterous larvae
- Cantharidin: volatile vessicating substance produced by beetles of the family Meloidae
- Various mosquitoes and flies, including vectors of diseases such as dengue, Japanese encephalitis, and filariasis
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Description
Compare and contrast the characteristics of Taenia saginata and Taenia solium, including scolex, length, and proglottids.
