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Parasitism and Infection

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Questions and Answers

What is the role of normal flora in the human body?

Causing illness or death

Always symptomatic

Replacing the role of the immune system

Limited to certain areas of the body, never causing trouble (correct)

What is a characteristic of dedicated pathogens?

They cause symptoms immediately after infection

They can only multiply in a host with a weak immune system

They require the host to be immunocompromised or injured

They have developed highly specialized mechanisms to evade the host's immune responses (correct)

What are the necessary steps for a successful pathogen to survive and multiply in a host?

Colonize, find a nutritionally compatible niche, avoid the host's immune responses, replicate, and exit to spread to a new host (correct)

Always cause disease to survive and multiply

Only evade the host's immune responses and replicate

Only colonize the host and replicate

Why might pathogens evolve to cause disease?

To facilitate their spread or propagation and hence have a selective advantage Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of how pathogens can spread efficiently?

Through direct contact during sexual activity Signup and view all the answers

What can be learned by studying pathogens?

Cell biology and the biology of their host organisms Signup and view all the answers

Why do many microorganisms find a human host to be an attractive environment?

It provides an abundant supply of nutrients. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason mentioned in the text for why pathogens and parasites attack our bodies?

To live and reproduce. Signup and view all the answers

How many microbial species live within the human body?

Thousands of microbial species Signup and view all the answers

What are some common features that microorganisms must possess to be infectious?

Ability to survive and reproduce in a host Signup and view all the answers

Why is it stated in the text that every living organism on Earth might be subject to some type of infection or parasitism?

Because living within a host provides a desirable niche for microorganisms Signup and view all the answers

What makes the human body a suitable environment for many microorganisms to survive and reproduce?

Abundance of essential nutrients and a warm, moist environment Signup and view all the answers