Quantitative Data Analysis
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Questions and Answers

Which test assumes a specific probability distribution, typically the normal distribution?

  • Kruskal-Wallis test
  • Spearman correlation
  • Independent samples t-test (correct)
  • Mann-Whitney U test
  • Which non-parametric test is used when data may not meet parametric assumptions?

  • Mann-Whitney U test
  • Spearman correlation
  • Kruskal-Wallis test (correct)
  • Independent samples t-test
  • Which test is used to compare the means of two independent groups to determine if there is a statistically significant difference between them?

  • Paired samples t-test
  • ANOVA
  • Spearman correlation
  • Mann-Whitney U test (correct)
  • Which correlation coefficient is a non-parametric test?

    <p>Spearman correlation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of t-test is used for related groups?

    <p>Paired samples t-test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which test assumes equal variances of the two groups being compared?

    <p>Independent samples t-test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which test is more robust in the face of deviations from normality?

    <p>Kruskal-Wallis test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which correlation coefficient is used when the data may not meet parametric assumptions?

    <p>Spearman correlation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which test is used to compare the means of more than two independent groups?

    <p>ANOVA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which test is used when comparing the means of two groups and assuming equal variances may be violated?

    <p>Welch's t-test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of data have a meaningful order, consistent intervals, and a true zero point?

    <p>Ratio data</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key difference between Type I and Type II errors?

    <p>Type I error represents the probability of mistakenly concluding that there is an effect when there is none, while Type II error represents the probability of failing to detect an effect that truly exists.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When is the median a suitable measure of central tendency?

    <p>When data are less influenced by extreme values</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of MANOVA (Multivariate Analysis of Variance)?

    <p>To extend ANOVA to multiple dependent variables, allowing the simultaneous analysis of relationships across these variables</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of correlation coefficient is suitable for linear relationships between normally distributed variables?

    <p>Pearson correlation coefficient</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key characteristic of nominal data?

    <p>They represent categories without any inherent order or ranking</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which type of t-test are the groups being compared dependent?

    <p>Dependent samples t-test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Type II error represent?

    <p>The probability of failing to detect an effect that truly exists</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When is the mean a suitable measure of central tendency?

    <p>When data are ordered and the intervals between values are consistent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of data represent categories with a meaningful order or ranking, but the intervals between the categories are not consistent?

    <p>Ordinal data</p> Signup and view all the answers

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