Parallel LCR Circuit Analysis

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Questions and Answers

What is used to determine the voltage drop across individual circuit components?

  • Boyle's law
  • Ohm's law (correct)
  • Newton's law
  • Faraday's law

In a series LCR circuit, which of the following components has a reactance that is opposite in phase to the other?

  • AC source
  • Capacitor (correct)
  • Inductor
  • Resistor

How is the total equivalent reactance (Xeq) calculated in a series LCR circuit?

  • By subtracting XC from XL (correct)
  • By adding XL and XC
  • By dividing XC by XL
  • By multiplying XC with XL

What is the overall effect of reactance on a series LCR circuit with XL=750Ω and XC=1500Ω?

<p>Capacitive effect (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of diagram can be used to show the phase relationships among components in a series LCR circuit?

<p>Phasor diagram (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when the frequency is changed in a series LCR circuit?

<p>Both the reactance values and the total impedance change (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a series LCR circuit, how is the total equivalent reactance (XEQ) calculated?

<p>XEQ = XL - XC (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula used to calculate the total impedance (Z) of a series LCR circuit?

<p>Z = √(R^2 + XEQ^2) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a series LCR circuit, how is the phase angle (θ) between the applied voltage and the total circuit current calculated?

<p>θ = tan^-1((VC - VL) / VR) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a parallel LCR circuit, how does the calculation of the circuit parameters differ from a series LCR circuit?

<p>The voltage is the same for all components, but the current for each component needs to be calculated separately (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a parallel LCR circuit?

<p>To act as a filter, allowing or blocking certain frequencies (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a parallel LCR circuit, how are the branch currents related to the total circuit current?

<p>The total circuit current is the sum of the branch currents (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are the reactive currents (inductive and capacitive) combined in a parallel LCR circuit?

<p>They are added vectorially since they are out of phase (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines the branch current through the resistive component in a parallel LCR circuit?

<p>The voltage divided by the resistance (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If the capacitive reactance in a parallel LCR circuit is increased, what happens to the capacitive branch current?

<p>It decreases (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does retentivity measure?

<p>The residual flux density at saturation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When is residual magnetism equal to retentivity?

<p>When the material has been magnetized to saturation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of coercive force?

<p>The amount of reverse magnetic field needed to make the flux zero (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What property describes the ease of establishing a magnetic flux?

<p>Permeability (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which property is analogous to resistance in an electrical circuit?

<p>Reluctance (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a purely resistive circuit, what is the relationship between impedance and total circuit resistance?

<p>The impedance is equal to the total circuit resistance. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the impedance in a purely inductive circuit equal to?

<p>The total inductive reactance. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a purely capacitive circuit, what is the impedance equal to?

<p>The total capacitive reactance. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between voltage, current, and impedance in a circuit as expressed by the equation $V = Z \cdot I$?

<p>Voltage is equal to the product of impedance and current. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of circuit is considered in the text when discussing the components of impedance?

<p>A series LCR circuit. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does varying the frequency in a series LCR circuit affect the inductive and capacitive reactance?

<p>Varying the frequency causes both the inductive and capacitive reactance to change. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the current in a series LCR circuit relate to the applied voltage at different frequencies?

<p>The current leads the applied voltage at some frequencies and lags at other frequencies. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a series LCR circuit, how does the current flow through the different components?

<p>The current flows through a single path, with the same current through all three components. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the voltage drop across each component in a series LCR circuit compare?

<p>The voltage drop is different across each component. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of analyzing impedance in a series LCR circuit?

<p>To analyze the behavior of the circuit at different frequencies. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a parallel LCR circuit, if the inductive reactance (XL) is greater than the capacitive reactance (XC), the total reactance will be:

<p>Inductive, and the circuit will act as a parallel LR circuit (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a parallel LCR circuit at resonance, the phase angle of the resulting current is:

<p>Zero degrees (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If the capacitive reactance (XC) is greater than the inductive reactance (XL) in a parallel LCR circuit, the circuit will:

<p>Act as a parallel CR circuit (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a parallel LCR circuit, the individual branch currents (IC and IL) must be added using phasors because:

<p>They have different phase shifts (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the given phasor diagram, the angle between the applied voltage (VGen) and the equivalent current (IEq) represents:

<p>The phase angle of the circuit (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a parallel LCR circuit, at higher frequencies, which component will have the lower reactance?

<p>Capacitor (XC) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a parallel LCR circuit, how can we calculate the total circuit current (IT)?

<p>$I_T = \sqrt{I_R^2 + (I_C - I_L)^2}$ (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula to calculate the phase angle () in a parallel LCR circuit?

<p>$\tan\theta = \frac{I_L - I_C}{I_R}$ (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a filter in an electrical circuit?

<p>To remove unwanted frequencies or signals from the circuit (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of filter is used to remove high-frequency signals from a circuit?

<p>Low-pass filter (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines the direction of current movement in an AC circuit?

<p>The generated terminal voltage polarities (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the amplitude of the positive and negative alternations in an AC waveform?

<p>The amplitude of the positive and negative alternations are the same (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a sinusoidal sine wave in an AC generator?

<p>To represent the value of induced EMF at each instant of time during 360° rotation of the loop (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the speed of the conductor cutting through the magnetic field affect the induced EMF in an AC generator?

<p>Increasing the speed increases the induced EMF (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key difference between AC and DC current in terms of the direction of flow?

<p>AC flows in both directions, while DC flows in one direction only (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of a three-phase AC generator?

<p>To generate three separate AC voltages that are 120 degrees apart in phase (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the distinguishing feature of alternating current (AC) signals described in the text?

<p>They have equal areas enclosed above and below the time axis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following waveforms is NOT mentioned in the text as an example of an AC signal type?

<p>Sawtooth wave (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the three phases of a three-phase AC generator described in the text?

<p>They are 120 degrees apart in phase (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of analyzing sine waves that are out of phase?

<p>To determine the phase difference between the waves (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At what position of the armature rotation are the conductors not cutting through any magnetic lines of flux?

<p>0° (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which part of the armature rotation in a generator does the induced voltage decrease from a maximum positive value to zero?

<p>90° to 180° (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of wave is produced as the armature is rotated through 360 degrees in a generator?

<p>Sinusoidal (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one complete sequence of voltage or current change from zero through a positive peak, back to zero, through a negative peak, and back to zero again called in AC cycle terminology?

<p>Cycle (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which direction is the induced voltage built up to a maximum at 270° during the rotation of the armature in a generator?

<p>Negative direction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does an increase in the number of poles in a generator affect the number of cycles completed in one revolution?

<p>An increase in poles causes a corresponding increase in cycles per revolution (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the peak-to-peak voltage or current value as the peak voltage or current value increases?

<p>The peak-to-peak value increases proportionally (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements accurately describes the instantaneous voltage or current in a sine wave?

<p>The instantaneous value can be anywhere from zero to the peak value (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the period time of a sine wave as the rotational speed (rpm) of a generator increases?

<p>The period time decreases (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a two-pole generator, how many cycles are completed per revolution?

<p>One cycle (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about an alternator is correct?

<p>The output of an alternator is sinusoidal due to its rotary motion. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If the amplitude of an AC voltage at 30° of rotation is 0.5 times the maximum amplitude, what would be the amplitude at 60° of rotation?

<p>0.866 times the maximum amplitude (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of waveform is most commonly encountered in alternating current (AC) systems?

<p>Sine wave (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about AC waveforms is correct?

<p>AC waveforms can be sinusoidal or non-sinusoidal. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following devices can generate a sinusoidal AC waveform?

<p>Both a mechanical rotating generator and an electronic inverter or oscillator (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In an AC generator, what determines the amplitude of the induced EMF?

<p>The strength of the magnetic field and the number of turns in the coil (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using a sinusoidal waveform in an AC generator?

<p>To generate a smooth, continuously varying voltage (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In an AC generator, what is the relationship between the frequency of the generated voltage and the speed of rotation?

<p>The relationship depends on the number of poles in the generator (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using a rotating armature in an AC generator?

<p>To convert mechanical energy into electrical energy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using a prime mover in an AC generator?

<p>To provide the mechanical energy to spin the armature (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a distinguishing feature of a sawtooth wave compared to a triangular wave?

<p>Unequal rise and fall times (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can a square wave generator be described?

<p>Turning on and off (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary method for generating a sawtooth wave?

<p>Measuring voltage at a capacitor (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic sets a square wave apart from other waveforms?

<p>Symmetrical rise and fall times (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes the generation of a triangular wave from a sawtooth wave?

<p>Symmetrical rise and fall times (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In terms of frequency of operation, why is a simple switch inadequate for generating high-speed square waves?

<p>Unable to reach GHz frequencies (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the defining characteristic of a sawtooth wave shape?

<p>Rapid discharge once peak voltage is reached (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does a sawtooth wave differ from a square wave in terms of voltage transition?

<p>'Off' to 'on' transition (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is unique about the timing characteristics of a triangular waveform compared to a square waveform?

<p>Equal rise and fall time periods. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does a sawtooth wave differ from a triangular wave based on their rise and fall times?

<p>Unequal rise and fall times. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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