82 Questions
What term is used to refer to students with significant cognitive disabilities in the text?
Extensive support needs
Under which of the following categories can students with significant cognitive disabilities qualify for special education services according to IDEA?
Intellectual disability
What percentage of students with significant cognitive disabilities are estimated to be deaf or hard of hearing?
4-8%
What is a common characteristic of students with significant cognitive disabilities mentioned in the text?
Limited or no oral speech
Where are students with all kinds of disabilities often educated according to the text?
Partly in general education settings
What term is used to describe disabilities that occur in low numbers as per the text?
Low incidence disabilities
What does IDEA guarantee to students with disabilities?
A free appropriate public education in the least restrictive environment
Who is involved in developing an individualized education program (IEP) for a student?
IEP team including professionals, family members, and the student when appropriate
What is the main aim of FAPE according to the text?
To ensure access to general education curriculum alongside peers without disabilities
What is the role of the IEP team in determining a student's LRE?
Considering individual needs, family preferences, and expected benefits to the student among other factors
What can lead to a student being placed into a separate special education setting according to the text?
Administrative convenience
How is the decision made about removing a student from the general education classroom?
By determining that learning cannot be achieved even with supplementary aids and services
What is the responsibility of an IEP team regarding the general education setting?
To maintain students in the general education setting even with necessary supports
What should be considered when deciding where a student will receive special education services?
'Effect on peers' among other factors
Who should be active participants in the decision-making process according to the text?
All IEP team members, including family, professionals, and the student when appropriate
What is FAPE meant to be provided alongside according to the text?
Peers without disabilities in the general education setting to the greatest extent possible
What is one of the key principles that teachers can use to maintain high expectations for all students?
Communicating with respect
Why is it important for students with disabilities to have access to the general education curriculum?
To provide equitable opportunities to learn
What impact do high teacher and family expectations have on students with disabilities?
Directly impact post-high school outcomes in employment and independent living
Why do students with significant cognitive disabilities often take an alternate assessment instead of standardized state assessments?
Because they are unable to take standardized tests, even with accommodations
What is the purpose of alternate assessment for students with significant cognitive disabilities?
To measure mastery of a different set of performance expectations
How can teachers help students with significant cognitive disabilities succeed in inclusive classrooms?
By ensuring access to grade-level academic content
What is the purpose of general education curriculum according to the text?
To ensure equitable opportunities to learn
Why is it important for teachers to presume competence in all students?
To motivate and support all students to reach their full potential
Why do some states have alternate achievement standards for students with significant cognitive disabilities?
To measure mastery of a different set of performance expectations
What is the impact of holding high expectations for students with disabilities, according to the text?
Increase likelihood of student progress and success
Who is responsible for determining if a student is appropriate for the alternate assessment based on alternate achievement standards?
IEP team
What are the three overarching learning components that IEPs designed to promote inclusion prioritize?
Participating in routines and transitions; Engaging in grade-level academics and other essential skills; Interacting with others
What are IEP goals driven by for students with significant cognitive disabilities?
Student's strengths, needs, and future goals
Which type of professional provides related services to meet the learning needs of students with disabilities?
Professional from a wide range of disciplines
What is the maximum percentage of all students being assessed that can take the alternate assessment based on alternate achievement standards?
5%
How many learning components are vital for ensuring belonging, participation, and progress in the general education classroom for students with significant cognitive disabilities?
3
What is intended to be a fluid document that lays out what is needed for a student to meet her individualized goals?
IEP
What percentage of students with significant cognitive disabilities spent most of their school day in inclusive settings in the 2018-19 school year?
4%
Who collaborates with the general educator to design instruction aligned with IEP goals and content standards?
Special educator
What is the concept of inclusion in education according to the text?
Valuing and viewing all students with disabilities as contributing members
Which component includes engaging in grade-level academics and other essential skills?
Engaging in Grade-Level Academics and Other Essential Skills
What is a key benefit of educating students with disabilities in inclusive environments?
Greater academic engagement and achievement
What must IEP goals balance with academic instruction to lead to greater independence in the general education classroom?
Support for functional areas
How do students without disabilities benefit from inclusive educational practices?
Reduction in negative perceptions and greater academic achievement
What is the purpose of inclusive education, as described in the text?
Ensuring all students have equal opportunities and resources
What does meaningful inclusion involve according to the text?
Valuing and actively involving every student in the learning process
What do inclusive educators embrace according to the text?
Equal value and common educational experience for all students
How do students with significant cognitive disabilities compare to their peers with other disabilities in terms of inclusion?
They receive most instruction in separate special education classrooms or schools for disabled students
What can be said about the majority of students with significant cognitive disabilities' educational setting?
They receive instruction primarily in separate special education classrooms.
What is one of the benefits that students with disabilities might receive across a combination of settings?
Services and supports tailored to their unique needs.
What is the primary difference between traditional teaching methods and Universal Design for Learning (UDL)?
Traditional teaching methods deliver content and assess students in a variety of ways, while UDL follows a single approach.
How does Universal Design for Learning (UDL) enable students to demonstrate their knowledge?
By incorporating various goals, materials, and methods for instruction and assessment.
What instructional framework is designed to engage and challenge all students according to the text?
Universal Design for Learning (UDL)
How can evidence-based practices be effectively combined with Universal Design for Learning (UDL) for students with significant cognitive disabilities?
By incorporating principles of UDL along with explicit instruction and visual supports.
What has an online literacy instructional platform aligned with UDL principles been shown to increase for middle school students with intellectual disabilities?
Choice-making opportunities, access to age-appropriate content, and socialization
How does Universal Design for Learning (UDL) differ from a traditional lesson plan?
A UDL lesson incorporates flexible goals and methods, while a traditional lesson plan is fixed.
What is the main purpose of modifications in an educational setting?
To change what a student is learning or reduce the requirements for a task
Which of the following is an example of an accommodation?
Extra time on tests
What is the role of paraeducators in inclusive classrooms?
To adapt materials and offer behavioral support
In Ethan's case, what service is NOT included in his IEP plan?
Occupational therapy twice each week
How do collaborative practices benefit students with significant cognitive disabilities?
By improving academic, communicative, and social outcomes
What is the main difference between accommodations and modifications in education?
Accommodations reduce the requirements of a task, while modifications change the learning content.
What do paraeducators do under the supervision of teachers in inclusive classrooms?
Facilitate peer interactions and adapt materials
'Returning to the Challenge young boy with manipulative', what could 'manipulative' refer to in this context?
'Manipulative' refers to an object or tool used for teaching or therapy
'The team designates services and supports on his IEP', what does 'IEP' stand for?
Individualized Education Program
What is the primary reason for educators to collaborate when planning, implementing, and evaluating IEPs?
To improve academic, communicative, and social outcomes for students with disabilities
What is the instructional purpose of alternate achievement standards?
To identify essential knowledge and skills for students with disabilities
How do alternate achievement standards differ from grade-level content standards?
They adjust performance expectations while maintaining essential content
What is the potential consequence of teaching students using an alternate curriculum?
Students may not be eligible for any kind of high school diploma
How do alternate achievement standards promote high expectations for students?
By adjusting performance expectations while maintaining essential content
What is the main purpose of alternate achievement standards in relation to the general education curriculum?
To ensure equal access to grade-level content standards
Why should instruction not be limited by alternate achievement standards?
To ensure all students master grade-level content as much as possible
What is a key difference between alternate achievement standards and alternate curriculum?
Alternate achievement standards define content mastery levels, while alternate curriculum provides a simplified curriculum only for students with disabilities.
How do alternate achievement standards promote access to general education curriculum?
By ensuring students with disabilities have equal opportunities to learn alongside their peers
What is a potential implication for students using an alternate curriculum exclusively?
Limited access to inclusive environments
How do alternate achievement standards differ from general education content standards?
They adjust performance expectations while maintaining the essential content
What specialized training may paraeducators require as mentioned in the text?
Training by speech-language pathologist (SLP)
How can excessive assistance from a paraeducator affect a student?
It limits the student's ability to interact with peers
What should collaborative teams in inclusive education focus on according to the text?
Developing strong working relationships and meeting regularly
How should lessons in the general education classroom be aligned as per the text?
Aligned with grade-level content standards
What does effective instruction for students with disabilities in an inclusive classroom address?
Both general education curriculum and IEP goals
What area does Ms. O'Connor plan to focus on with Ethan regarding his limited conceptual understanding of numerical concepts?
Numeracy in multiplication and division word problems
What concept should teachers have a strong understanding of to support all students?
'Big ideas' within standards
What does UDL stand for in the context of the text?
'Universal Design for Learning'
What is a characteristic of effective collaborative teams as per the text?
Establish a shared understanding of goals and objectives
What is emphasized when aligning lessons in the general education classroom, according to the text?
The 'big ideas' within the standards
Learn about the specialized training that paraeducators may require to support students with communication systems. Understand the importance of providing the right amount of assistance to help students access the general education classroom effectively.
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