13 Questions
What does a positive correlation indicate?
Measures vary together in a direct corresponding manner
What does a negative correlation indicate?
An inverse correlation between the variables of interest
What does a correlation coefficient measure?
The strength of a correlation
What does Principle 1 of the PAP Code of Ethics emphasize?
The value of all human beings regardless of social status or characteristics
What is the focus of Principle 4 of the PAP Code of Ethics?
Conducting affairs within society in accordance with the highest ethical standards
What is the lifetime prevalence of having any DSM-IV disorder according to the National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R)?
46.4%
What is the primary focus of the National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R) as mentioned in the text?
Providing prevalence estimates for mental disorders in the United States
What is a risk factor as defined in the text?
A factor associated with an increased risk of developing a condition
What does etiology refer to in the context of abnormal behavior?
The causal pattern of abnormal behavior
What is a necessary cause according to the text?
A characteristic that must exist for a certain disorder to occur
What is a sufficient cause as per the text?
A condition that guarantees the occurrence of a disorder
What is a variable risk factor according to the text?
A variable that can be changed for a certain outcome
What is a contributory cause based on the text?
One that increases the probability of a disorder developing
Study Notes
Correlation
- A positive correlation indicates that as one variable increases, the other variable also tends to increase.
- A negative correlation indicates that as one variable increases, the other variable tends to decrease.
PAP Code of Ethics
- Principle 1 emphasizes the importance of respecting the dignity and worth of individuals and the protection of their welfare.
- Principle 4 focuses on maintaining professional competence and upholding professional standards.
National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R)
- The lifetime prevalence of having any DSM-IV disorder is approximately 46.4%.
- The primary focus of the NCS-R is to assess the prevalence and correlates of mental disorders in the US population.
Risk Factors and Causality
- A risk factor is a characteristic, experience, or event that increases the probability of developing a disorder.
- Etiology refers to the study of the causes of abnormal behavior or disorders.
- A necessary cause is a factor whose presence is required for a disorder to occur.
- A sufficient cause is a factor that, when present, guarantees the occurrence of a disorder.
- A variable risk factor is a characteristic or experience that increases the probability of developing a disorder, but whose presence or absence does not guarantee the occurrence of the disorder.
- A contributory cause is a factor that contributes to the development of a disorder, but is not the sole cause.
Test your knowledge of the ethical principles outlined in the PAP Code of Ethics, including respect for the dignity of individuals, competent caring for well-being, and honesty in professional conduct.
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