Pancreatic Juice Secretion Quiz

Salivary Secretion

• The main control over salivary secretion is the parasympathetic nervous system.
• Saliva helps in the process of swallowing by lubricating food and making it easier to swallow.

Gastric Secretion

• The composition of gastric secretion when released into the duodenum is a mixture of mucus, pepsinogen, and hydrochloric acid.
• The cephalic phase of gastric secretion is influenced by the vagus nerve, sight, smell, and taste of food.

Secretin

• Secretin is released in response to the presence of acid in the duodenum.
• The role of secretin in the digestive system is to stimulate the release of bicarbonate-rich pancreatic juice and bile to neutralize the acid.
• Secretin affects the release of gastric acid by inhibiting it.
• S cells, which secrete secretin, are located in the mucosa of the duodenum.

Pancreatic Juice

• The secretion of pancreatic juice is controlled by the hormones secretin and cholecystokinin (CCK).
• Digestive enzymes are discharged from pancreatic cells through exocytosis.
• Most of the digestive enzymes in pancreatic juice are activated by trypsin.

Bile Acids

• Bile acids serve an important function in gastrointestinal function by emulsifying fats and facilitating their absorption.

Parietal Cells

• The primary role of parietal cells in the stomach is to secrete hydrochloric acid.
• Histamine is the trigger that is responsible for parietal cell secretion via binding to H2-receptors.

Gastrin

• The function of gastrin in the stomach is to stimulate the release of gastric acid.
• The importance of intrinsic factor in the stomach is that it helps in the absorption of vitamin B12.

Gastrointestinal Tract

• The primary function of the gastrointestinal tract is to digest and absorb nutrients.
• The parts of the gastrointestinal tract that are encountered by the meal or its residues in order are mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine.
• The salivary gland is the organ that secretes saliva when food is ingested.

Cholecystokinin (CCK)

• The primary function of CCK in the digestive system is to stimulate the release of pancreatic enzymes and bile.
• CCK is found in the brain, in addition to its secretion by I cells.
• CCK plays a role in the brain by regulating appetite and satiety.

Ghrelin

• The role of ghrelin in the gastrointestinal system is to stimulate appetite.

Enteric Nervous System

• The enteric nervous system is sometimes referred to as the 'little brain' due to its role in regulating gastrointestinal function.
• The primary function of the myenteric plexus within the gastrointestinal tract is to regulate gut motility.

Other Hormones

• Somatostatin is a hormone that inhibits pancreatic exocrine secretion.
• Gastric Inhibitory Peptide (GIP) plays a role in the digestive system by stimulating the release of insulin.
• The primary function of enterohepatic circulation in the digestive system is to recycle bile acids.

Digestive Enzymes

• The primary method of activation for most of the digestive enzymes in pancreatic juice is trypsin.
• The primary function of the mitochondria in the gastric parietal cells is to generate energy for the secretion of hydrochloric acid.
• The primary function of pancreatic juice in digestion is to break down proteins, carbohydrates, and fats.
• The primary role of a trypsin inhibitor secreted by the pancreas is to prevent the premature activation of digestive enzymes.
• Bile acids play a crucial role in the digestion and absorption of fats.
• Bicarbonate-rich pancreatic juice serves to neutralize gastric acidity once its function is complete.
• The primary method through which pancreatic juice is secreted is through exocytosis.