Pan-Africanism Movement

Pan-Africanism is a movement that aims to unite and empower people of African descent worldwide
Emerged in the 18th century, influenced by the transatlantic slave trade, colonialism, and racism
Key figures: Marcus Garvey, W.E.B. Du Bois, and Kwame Nkrumah

Pan-African Conference (1900): First international meeting of Africans and people of African descent
Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA, 1914): Founded by Marcus Garvey, aimed to promote black nationalism and unity
Fifth Pan-African Congress (1945): Attended by prominent figures, including Kwame Nkrumah and W.E.B. Du Bois
African independence movements (1950s-1960s): Nationalist movements across Africa, leading to independence from colonial powers

Marcus Garvey: Jamaican activist, founder of UNIA, and key figure in the Harlem Renaissance
W.E.B. Du Bois: American sociologist, historian, and civil rights activist, co-founder of the NAACP
Kwame Nkrumah: Ghanaian nationalist, first president of Ghana, and key figure in African independence movements
Julius Nyerere: Tanzanian politician, philosopher, and anti-colonial leader

Pan-Africanism is a global movement that seeks to unite and empower people of African descent, promoting their rights, dignity, and self-determination
Emerged in the 18th century as a response to the transatlantic slave trade, colonialism, and racism
Key figures who shaped the movement include Marcus Garvey, W.E.B.Du Bois, and Kwame Nkrumah

Unity and solidarity among people of African descent, promoting a sense of shared identity and destiny
Self-determination and independence for African nations, rejecting colonialism and foreign domination
Economic empowerment and self-sufficiency, through development of African economies and resources
Cultural preservation and promotion of African heritage, including languages, traditions, and customs
Anti-colonialism and anti-racism, challenging systems of oppression and discrimination

The 1900 Pan-African Conference was the first international meeting of Africans and people of African descent, marking the beginning of the modern Pan-African movement
The Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA), founded by Marcus Garvey in 1914, promoted black nationalism and unity, with a focus on economic empowerment and self-reliance
The 1945 Fifth Pan-African Congress was a pivotal meeting that brought together prominent figures, including Kwame Nkrumah and W.E.B.Du Bois, to discuss African independence and self-determination
The African independence movements of the 1950s-1960s, led by nationalist figures, resulted in the independence of many African countries from colonial powers

Marcus Garvey was a Jamaican activist who founded the UNIA, promoting black nationalism and unity, and played a key role in the Harlem Renaissance
W.E.B.Du Bois was an American sociologist, historian, and civil rights activist, co-founder of the NAACP, and a leading figure in the Pan-African movement
Kwame Nkrumah was a Ghanaian nationalist, first president of Ghana, and key figure in African independence movements, who played a crucial role in the decolonization of Africa
Julius Nyerere was a Tanzanian politician, philosopher, and anti-colonial leader, who advocated for African socialism and self-reliance

Pan-Africanism inspired African independence movements and national liberation, leading to the decolonization of Africa
The movement influenced the Civil Rights Movement in the United States, shaping the struggle for racial equality and social justice
Pan-Africanism fostered a sense of global African identity and solidarity, promoting unity and cooperation among people of African descent
The movement has shaped contemporary African diasporic culture and identity, influencing art, literature, music, and politics