Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is a primary reason Canadians avoid discussions about death and end-of-life care?
What is a primary reason Canadians avoid discussions about death and end-of-life care?
What impact do honest conversations about death and end-of-life planning have on Canadians?
What impact do honest conversations about death and end-of-life planning have on Canadians?
How has the experience of death and dying changed over time?
How has the experience of death and dying changed over time?
What is emphasized as a need in the context of improving palliative care in Canada?
What is emphasized as a need in the context of improving palliative care in Canada?
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What can be a major consequence of not discussing end-of-life care options?
What can be a major consequence of not discussing end-of-life care options?
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Which statement best reflects the overall sentiment around the Framework on Palliative Care in Canada?
Which statement best reflects the overall sentiment around the Framework on Palliative Care in Canada?
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What is the primary aim of palliative care?
What is the primary aim of palliative care?
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Who were consulted in the development of the Framework on Palliative Care in Canada?
Who were consulted in the development of the Framework on Palliative Care in Canada?
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How is palliative care described in the Framework?
How is palliative care described in the Framework?
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What do the Guiding Principles in the Framework aim to address?
What do the Guiding Principles in the Framework aim to address?
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What demographic change has influenced the demand for palliative care?
What demographic change has influenced the demand for palliative care?
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What is the focus of person- and family-centred care?
What is the focus of person- and family-centred care?
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What was a key finding from the 2018 report by the Canadian Institute for Health Information?
What was a key finding from the 2018 report by the Canadian Institute for Health Information?
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What major shift occurred regarding the term 'palliative care' since the mid-1970s?
What major shift occurred regarding the term 'palliative care' since the mid-1970s?
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What does the Framework propose as a method for recognizing progress in palliative care?
What does the Framework propose as a method for recognizing progress in palliative care?
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Which profession is explicitly mentioned as a provider of palliative care?
Which profession is explicitly mentioned as a provider of palliative care?
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What drives the need for improved palliative care according to changing societal factors?
What drives the need for improved palliative care according to changing societal factors?
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What role did the Minister of Health play regarding the Framework?
What role did the Minister of Health play regarding the Framework?
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What main component does the Framework provide for palliative care planning?
What main component does the Framework provide for palliative care planning?
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What is one of the primary purposes of the Framework on Palliative Care in Canada?
What is one of the primary purposes of the Framework on Palliative Care in Canada?
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Which group was explicitly included in the consultation process for developing the Framework?
Which group was explicitly included in the consultation process for developing the Framework?
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What variation exists in the provision of palliative care across Canada?
What variation exists in the provision of palliative care across Canada?
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Which principle emphasizes the need for good communication in palliative care?
Which principle emphasizes the need for good communication in palliative care?
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Which of the following is true about the consultation process for the Framework?
Which of the following is true about the consultation process for the Framework?
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What aspect of caregivers is highlighted in the Framework?
What aspect of caregivers is highlighted in the Framework?
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How does the Framework suggest that effective palliative care should be integrated?
How does the Framework suggest that effective palliative care should be integrated?
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Which of the following statements about palliative care is incorrect?
Which of the following statements about palliative care is incorrect?
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What does the Framework envision for all Canadians with life-limiting illnesses?
What does the Framework envision for all Canadians with life-limiting illnesses?
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Which aspect is considered essential for effectively integrating palliative care?
Which aspect is considered essential for effectively integrating palliative care?
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What is a significant challenge in palliative care identified in Canada?
What is a significant challenge in palliative care identified in Canada?
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What role do families have in the palliative care process according to the Framework?
What role do families have in the palliative care process according to the Framework?
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What primary burden do caregivers report when providing care for aging or ill individuals?
What primary burden do caregivers report when providing care for aging or ill individuals?
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What trend is observed concerning Canadians' expectations in their health care?
What trend is observed concerning Canadians' expectations in their health care?
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Which of the following best describes the training of health care providers in Canada regarding palliative care?
Which of the following best describes the training of health care providers in Canada regarding palliative care?
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What does the MAID legislation emphasize regarding end-of-life care options?
What does the MAID legislation emphasize regarding end-of-life care options?
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Which entities play a role in the development and delivery of palliative care in Canada?
Which entities play a role in the development and delivery of palliative care in Canada?
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What aspect of care does palliative care primarily address?
What aspect of care does palliative care primarily address?
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What types of supports do counselors and volunteers typically provide in palliative care?
What types of supports do counselors and volunteers typically provide in palliative care?
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Why is standardized data systems important in palliative care?
Why is standardized data systems important in palliative care?
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What responsibility does the Government of Canada assume in relation to palliative care?
What responsibility does the Government of Canada assume in relation to palliative care?
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What aspect of provincial and territorial governments' strategies is key to improving palliative care?
What aspect of provincial and territorial governments' strategies is key to improving palliative care?
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What characteristic is emphasized as necessary for health care providers in palliative care?
What characteristic is emphasized as necessary for health care providers in palliative care?
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Who are considered the core stakeholders in discussions about palliative care?
Who are considered the core stakeholders in discussions about palliative care?
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What population characteristics does equitable access to palliative care encompass?
What population characteristics does equitable access to palliative care encompass?
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Which principle is crucial for the delivery of palliative care in Canada?
Which principle is crucial for the delivery of palliative care in Canada?
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What has been an outcome of recent public discussions about end-of-life care?
What has been an outcome of recent public discussions about end-of-life care?
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How does palliative care help improve quality of life?
How does palliative care help improve quality of life?
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How does the Medical Assistance in Dying (MAID) legislation relate to palliative care?
How does the Medical Assistance in Dying (MAID) legislation relate to palliative care?
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What is a major barrier to accessing quality palliative care in Canada?
What is a major barrier to accessing quality palliative care in Canada?
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In which area do most Canadian health care providers express gaps in their training?
In which area do most Canadian health care providers express gaps in their training?
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What role do national and regional organizations play in improving access to palliative care?
What role do national and regional organizations play in improving access to palliative care?
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What is essential for sustained improvement in palliative care?
What is essential for sustained improvement in palliative care?
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What type of care service is specifically highlighted for being developed by stakeholders to support families in palliative care?
What type of care service is specifically highlighted for being developed by stakeholders to support families in palliative care?
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What is a key focus of public education in palliative care?
What is a key focus of public education in palliative care?
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How are program and policy decisions on palliative care formulated?
How are program and policy decisions on palliative care formulated?
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Why is advance care planning important in palliative care?
Why is advance care planning important in palliative care?
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What is a key feature of palliative care for all ages?
What is a key feature of palliative care for all ages?
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What is the primary focus of palliative care?
What is the primary focus of palliative care?
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Which group is primarily involved in providing high-quality palliative care at the community level?
Which group is primarily involved in providing high-quality palliative care at the community level?
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What is indicated as essential for non-specialist health care providers in palliative care?
What is indicated as essential for non-specialist health care providers in palliative care?
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What percentage of individuals receiving palliative care typically require minimal specialist care?
What percentage of individuals receiving palliative care typically require minimal specialist care?
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What is the aim of integrating a palliative approach into the care provided by non-specialists?
What is the aim of integrating a palliative approach into the care provided by non-specialists?
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What is a major feature of the proposed framework for palliative care in Canada?
What is a major feature of the proposed framework for palliative care in Canada?
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What role do caregivers play in palliative care?
What role do caregivers play in palliative care?
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How can community initiatives improve palliative care access?
How can community initiatives improve palliative care access?
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What is a key goal outlined in the Blueprint for palliative care?
What is a key goal outlined in the Blueprint for palliative care?
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What does the Framework on Palliative Care in Canada prioritize for Indigenous Peoples?
What does the Framework on Palliative Care in Canada prioritize for Indigenous Peoples?
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What is indicated as a necessary collaboration in the development of the palliative care framework?
What is indicated as a necessary collaboration in the development of the palliative care framework?
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What aspect of palliative care delivery is highlighted as needing skill enhancement?
What aspect of palliative care delivery is highlighted as needing skill enhancement?
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What is the maximum duration of benefits provided by the Employment Insurance Family Caregiver Benefit for adults?
What is the maximum duration of benefits provided by the Employment Insurance Family Caregiver Benefit for adults?
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What is the minimum requirement of insured hours to be eligible for Employment Insurance Caregiver benefits?
What is the minimum requirement of insured hours to be eligible for Employment Insurance Caregiver benefits?
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Which level of government is responsible for administering the Canada Health Act?
Which level of government is responsible for administering the Canada Health Act?
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What is the purpose of the Office of Palliative Care (OPC) established by Health Canada?
What is the purpose of the Office of Palliative Care (OPC) established by Health Canada?
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How does Health Canada plan to support the implementation of the Framework for Palliative Care?
How does Health Canada plan to support the implementation of the Framework for Palliative Care?
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What does the Framework on Palliative Care serve as for various organizations?
What does the Framework on Palliative Care serve as for various organizations?
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What challenge do correctional facilities face regarding palliative care?
What challenge do correctional facilities face regarding palliative care?
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What is emphasized as necessary for the Framework on Palliative Care to remain relevant?
What is emphasized as necessary for the Framework on Palliative Care to remain relevant?
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What major challenge do health care systems face as they evolve in response to societal needs?
What major challenge do health care systems face as they evolve in response to societal needs?
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What is one key aspect of the Framework outlined in the content?
What is one key aspect of the Framework outlined in the content?
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What organization is responsible for planning and coordinating health services, including palliative care, in Ontario?
What organization is responsible for planning and coordinating health services, including palliative care, in Ontario?
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Study Notes
Palliative Care in Canada: A Framework for Action
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The Framework on Palliative Care in Canada aims to improve access and quality of end-of-life care for all Canadians.
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The Framework was developed following consultations with provinces/territories, federal departments, and stakeholders, including people living with life-limiting illnesses, caregivers, and the general public.
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Palliative care is a person- and family-centred approach to care that focuses on reducing suffering and improving quality of life for individuals with life-limiting illnesses.
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Key drivers of change for palliative care in Canada include an aging population, increasing demand for services, changing demographics, and evolving expectations for person-centred care.
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Responsibility for palliative care is shared between federal, provincial, and territorial governments, health care providers, non-profit organizations, and individuals (families, caregivers).
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Despite progress over time, ongoing gaps in access and quality of care persist, as highlighted by reports from the Canadian Institute for Health Information (CIHI).
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The Framework outlines a collective vision: All Canadians with life-limiting illnesses should experience the highest attainable quality of life until the end of life.
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Ten Guiding Principles for high-quality palliative care are:
- Person- and family-centred care
- Respect for needs, preferences, and values
- Open communication
- Acceptance of death, dying, grief, and bereavement as part of life
- Appreciation of caregivers as both providers and recipients of care
- Integrated and holistic care across various settings
- Emphasis on symptom management and pain relief
- Access to culturally-sensitive and linguistically-appropriate care
- Continuous quality improvement and data collection
- Recognition of diverse needs and circumstances
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A Blueprint for Action is provided, outlining priorities for short, medium, and long-term actions to improve palliative care in four key areas:
- Access to care: Ensuring availability of timely and appropriate services across various settings.
- Quality of care: Enhancing the quality and competency of care provided by healthcare professionals.
- Supporting caregivers: Recognizing and addressing the needs of caregivers.
- Strengthening leadership and collaboration: Fostering effective partnerships and coordination among different stakeholders.
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The Framework acknowledges the need for a single focal point to guide the implementation and advancement of palliative care in Canada.
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The Framework emphasizes the importance of collective action, flexibility, and responsiveness to emerging needs over time.
Indigenous Perspectives
- Indigenous-specific needs and perspectives are recognized.
- Health Canada and National Indigenous Organizations are engaged in discussions towards a distinctions-based framework for Indigenous peoples.
Palliative Care in Canada
- Palliative care is a holistic approach that addresses a person's and their family's full range of needs - physical, psychosocial, spiritual, and practical - at all stages of a chronic progressive illness.
- Equitable access to palliative care is a fundamental principle, ensuring Canadians with a life-limiting illness receive care regardless of their setting of care or personal characteristics.
- Palliative care recognizes and values the diversity of Canada and its people and encourages inclusiveness, paying special attention to underserved populations.
- Palliative care services are valued, understood, and adequately resourced.
- Palliative care delivery is a shared responsibility of all Canadians, with goals and priorities established in consultation with people living with life-limiting illness, their families, caregivers, provinces/territories, federal departments, and stakeholders.
Four Priority Areas for Palliative Care Actions
- Palliative Care Training and Education: Enhancing training and education programs for both health care professionals and informal care providers to build a robust and skilled health workforce.
- Support for Palliative Care Providers and Caregivers: Increasing awareness about existing support resources for palliative care providers, patients, clients, and the health care system.
- Research and Data Collection: Strengthening research and data collection to address knowledge gaps, overcome current challenges and drive innovation towards effective practices.
- Equitable Access to Palliative Care: Addressing access issues by developing a model of care that integrates core elements of palliative care into the care provided by non-specialists.
Framework on Palliative Care in Canada-Blueprint
- Vision: All Canadians with life-limiting illness live well until the end of life.
- Definition: Palliative care improves the quality of life of people of all ages facing problems associated with life-limiting illness and their families.
Implementation and Next Steps
- The Office of Palliative Care (OPC): Health Canada will establish the OPC to provide high-level coordination of activities to improve access to palliative care in Canada.
- Framework Implementation Plan: The OPC will contribute to the development of a plan to implement the Framework's elements under federal responsibility.
- Distinctions-Based Palliative Care Framework for Indigenous Peoples: Ongoing work will involve discussions between Health Canada and National Indigenous Organizations about Indigenous-led engagement processes to develop this Framework.
- Framework Evolution: The Framework is a living document designed to be a starting place for continuous open dialogue as challenges and culture shifts are addressed.
Federal Government and Palliative Care
- The federal government is responsible for transferring funding to provinces/territories through the Canada Health Transfer to support health care service delivery.
- Budget 2017 confirmed a 11billioninvestmentovertenyearstoaddressgapsinthehealthcaresystem,with11 billion investment over ten years to address gaps in the health care system, with 11billioninvestmentovertenyearstoaddressgapsinthehealthcaresystem,with6 billion dedicated to increasing the availability of home and palliative care.
Federal Agencies/Organizations Related to Palliative Care
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Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR): Major federal agency funding health and medical research in Canada.
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Canada Revenue Agency (CRA): Administers the Canada Caregiver Credit supporting spouses, common-law partners, or dependants with a physical or mental impairment.
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Correctional Services Canada (CSC): Responsible for the health and well-being of inmates, including providing palliative care guidelines and support for inmate access to medical assistance in dying.
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Employment and Social Development Canada (ESDC): Provides Employment Insurance (EI) Compassionate Care Benefits and the EI Family Caregiver Benefit for individuals providing care to family members with serious medical conditions.
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Health Canada (HC): Ensures Canadians have reasonable access to medically necessary hospital and physician services through the Canada Health Act. ### Federal Programs and Funding
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The Interim Federal Health Program (IFHP) provides health care benefits in Canada to resettled refugees, asylum seekers and certain other groups until they become eligible for provincial/territorial coverage or leave Canada.
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Indigenous Services Canada (ISC) funds First Nations and Inuit Home and Community Care (FNIHCC) to provide a continuum of home and community care services.
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Services are currently available in 98 percent of First Nations communities and 100 percent of Inuit communities.
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Budget 2017 allocated $184.6 million over five years to enhance the home care program and provide communities with access to palliative care services.
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The National Strategy for Alzheimer's Disease and Other Dementias Act came into force in June 2017.
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The legislation calls on the Minister of Health to develop a national dementia strategy.
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Budget 2018 allocated 20millionoverfiveyearsand20 million over five years and 20millionoverfiveyearsand4 million per year ongoing for community-based projects to improve the wellbeing of people living with dementia and caregivers.
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Veterans Affairs Canada (VAC) administers three key programs to support the health care needs of eligible veterans: the Health Care Benefit Program, the Veterans Independence Program, and the Long-Term Care Program.
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VAC does not have a specific palliative care program but benefits, services and care related to palliative care needs can be funded under the programs mentioned.
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The Veterans Independence Program is a home care program aimed at allowing veterans to remain self-sufficient in their homes.
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The Long-Term Care program funds or contributes toward the cost of care for eligible veterans in receipt of care in health care facilities.
Provincial and Territorial Palliative Care Programs
- Provincial and Territorial (P/T) governments are responsible for developing health policies and programs based on their unique characteristics, resources, and population needs.
- In August 2017, federal, provincial and territorial (F/P/T) governments agreed to a Common Statement of Principles on Shared Health Priorities (CSoP), outlining agreed-upon areas of action in the shared health priorities of home and community care, and mental health and addiction.
- The CSoP was supported by 11billioninfederalfundingover10years,11 billion in federal funding over 10 years, 11billioninfederalfundingover10years,6 billion of which will help P/Ts to expand access to home and community care, including palliative care.
British Columbia
- Palliative care is provided by health care providers from a range of disciplines as part of their routine care of people with life-limiting illness.
- Specialized palliative care is provided by health care professionals with advanced knowledge and skills in palliative care.
- Home, community, hospital, and hospice care are delivered through five regional health authorities and complemented by provincial services.
- The BC Centre for Palliative Care is a provincial hub supporting education, innovation, and leading practice in palliative care.
- Hospice organizations are an important partner in the continuum of palliative care services, with community organizations providing a range of bereavement, respite, and related support services.
- BC continues to focus on early identification of people who can benefit from a palliative approach to care, improving access to interdisciplinary care across the urban, rural, and remote locations, including First Nations communities.
Alberta
- The 2014 Alberta Palliative and End-of-Life Care (PEOLC) Provincial Framework consists of a number of initiatives.
Saskatchewan
- The creation of the Saskatchewan Health Authority has brought forth a transformation in the delivery of health care services in Saskatchewan, which includes palliative care.
- In 2016, a provincial consultation with palliative care experts and other stakeholders led to the implementation of Pallium Canada's Learning Essential Approaches to Palliative Care (LEAP) training.
- In 2018-19, $2.42 million was allocated to continue improvements and increase access to palliative care services throughout the province.
Manitoba
- Palliative/end-of-life care is available in any care setting, including the home, a palliative care unit (e.g., a hospital or an acute care setting) or in a hospice, a personal care home or any other health care facility.
- The Winnipeg Regional Health Authority Palliative Care program provides access to care 24 hours a day, seven days a week, to people registered with the program.
- Each Regional Health Authority (RHA) has a palliative care coordinator in place to manage access to palliative care services in their region.
- Direct palliative care services in the community are provided through home care in all RHAs.
- Manitoba offers the Palliative Care Drug Access Program, which allows people registered with the program to receive their prescribed medications free of charge.
Ontario
- A broad range of providers deliver palliative and end-of-life services across the continuum of care.
- Ontario's Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care funds fourteen Local Health Integration Networks (LHINs), which are responsible for planning, co-ordinating, funding, and monitoring health services, including palliative care.
- In 2016, the Ministry announced the launch of the Ontario Palliative Care Network, which serves as the government's principal advisor on palliative care.
- The network is a key partner in strengthening access to community-based palliative care, and has recently helped the Ministry expand residential hospice capacity with over 200 beds across the province.
Quebec
- Quebec adopted an Act respecting end-of-life care in 2014, proposing a global and integrated vision of the care and rights of people at the end of life.
- The province has a range of palliative care services delivered in four service delivery points: hospitals, long-term residential centres, hospice and home care with local and regional particularities.
- Quebec has a 2015-2020 Palliative and End-of-life Development Plan containing fifty measures grouped under nine important priorities.
New Brunswick
- Palliative care in New Brunswick: A person-centred care and integrated services framework was published by the provincial government in April 2018.
- In New Brunswick, palliative care is offered through Regional Health Authorities, the Extra-Mural Program/Ambulance New Brunswick, and hospices.
- In 2016, the Act on Advance Health Care Directives was enacted.
- The palliative care improvements will concentrate on the provision of health care provider education, the development and implementation of standardized evaluation and surveillance tools; the establishment of hospices through community support; the design of alternative service approaches in rural communities; and the establishment of an integrated palliative care model for medical doctors.
Prince Edward Island
- Palliative care is delivered by the PEI Provincial Health Authority in a variety of settings, including the home.
- PEI has been a partner with CPAC for many years, and in 2015, it implemented the program titled "Paramedics providing palliative care at home".
- Advance care planning is available online through Health PEI's Advance Care Planning interactive workbook and frequently asked questions.
- PEI has committed to investing $12.4 million towards implementing the interRAI data system and enhancing palliative care through initiatives as part of its bilateral agreement with the federal government.
Nova Scotia
- Nova Scotia released its Provincial Palliative Care Strategy in 2014, which has four pillars: integrated service delivery, accountability, family and caregivers, and capacity building and practice change.
- This was followed up by the 2017 Palliative Competency Framework, which details the palliative competencies expected of health professionals and volunteers in the province.
- Nova Scotia has also been a partner with the CPAC in developing a system of paramedics providing palliative care in the home.
- It is expected that Nova Scotia will open its first two residential hospices in 2019.
Newfoundland and Labrador
- Palliative care in Newfoundland and Labrador is provided in alignment with a Home First philosophy.
- The province has an Advance Health Care Directives Act and clinicians are encouraged to engage in advance care planning with their clients.
- Newfoundland and Labrador, through its bilateral agreement with the federal government, has committed to invest $43.3 million towards home and community care, which includes a specific focus on palliative and end-of-life care.
- The province is working to enhance palliative and end-of-life care through increasing educational opportunities for staff and exploring the introduction of a hospice model.
Nunavut
- Palliative care services exist on a relatively small scale in Nunavut, given the population size and remoteness of its 25 communities.
- Palliative care services provided in the home are limited to communities that have staff who have received palliative care training.
- Nunavut is expanding its training on palliative care to enable the provision of palliative care in more communities, helping Nunavummiuts to stay in their homes longer.
Northwest Territories
- The Northwest Territories has an integrated service delivery model, detailed in its Palliative Approach to Care Service Delivery model and in its 2017 Continuing Care Services Action Plan, which include palliative care actions as a priority in the following areas: a standardized approach to care; physical resources (drugs & equipment); skilled and supported workforce; and culturally safe palliative care.
- The territory is currently working towards implementing the interRAI system in both home and community care to evaluate and track outcomes.
- In 2006, the Northwest Territories passed the Personal Directives Act, giving advance care planning the force of law.
- The Northwest Territories has committed to invest $3.6 million towards implementing the interRAI data system and paid family/community caregiving pilot as part of its bilateral agreement with the federal government.
Yukon
- Palliative care services in the Yukon are broad and multi-faceted as there are a variety of services provided in homes, hospitals, and continuing care facilities.
- The Yukon Framework, based on The Way Forward, enumerates four foundational principles: a continuum of integrated services, supporting care providers, best practice service delivery, and evaluation.
- Future enhancements, such as the addition of a community hospice are in the planning stage.
- The Resident Assessment Instrument (RAI) for Home Care and RAI-MDS (minimum dataset) (long-term care) are both in use across the territory to track provision of services.
- Efforts are underway to establish a system to collect "person-reported outcomes" and promote advance care planning tools in the territory.
Best Practices
- Many examples of best practices in the delivery of palliative care across Canada exist.### Supporting Organizations
- The Accreditation Canada / Health Standards Organization (AC/HSO) partnered with Health Canada in 2004-05 to produce hospice palliative care standards, including for volunteers.
- The Canadian Cancer Society (CCS) highlighted major gaps in care and barriers to accessibility in their 2016 report, Right to Care: Palliative Care for All Canadians.
- The Canadian Foundation for Health Care Improvement (CFHI) launched a Call for Innovations in Palliative and End-of-Life Care in February 2017, identifying 26 successful innovations.
- The Canadian Frailty Network (CFN) supported initiatives on: integrating quality of life assessments in palliative home care; improving palliative care in long-term care facilities; and web-based videoconferencing for consultations.
- The Canadian Hospice Palliative Care Association (CHPCA) led The Way Forward Initiative from 2011 to 2015, developing a framework to promote the integration of a palliative approach across care settings.
- The Canadian Institute for Health Information (CIHI) has conducted extensive data analysis on palliative care, including a 2018 report on access to palliative care services in Canada and studies on healthcare utilization at the end of life in Western and Atlantic provinces.
- The Canadian Medical Association (CMA) led national roundtables on advance care planning, palliative care, and physician-assisted dying in 2014.
- The Canadian Nurses Association (CNA) advocates that nurses have a fundamental role in a palliative approach to care, with their practice guided by the CNA's Code of Ethics for Registered Nurses.
- The Canadian Partnership Against Cancer (CPAC) has supported palliative care initiatives since 2007, including developing online resources, training, best practices in advance care planning, and building provider capacity.
- The Canadian Society of Palliative Care Physicians (CSPCP) contributed to initiatives to establish national palliative care competencies for undergraduate medical students.
- The Canadian Virtual Hospice (CVH) provides evidence-based information and resources on palliative and end-of-life care.
- Palliative Care Matters (PCM) has conducted a public opinion survey, evidence reviews, and a consensus development conference to gather information and recommendations regarding palliative care.
- Pallium Canada is developing and implementing standardized palliative care educational resources, tools, and curricula. They have trained over 575 facilitators who have delivered courses to over 12,000 healthcare providers.
- The Quality End-Of-Life Care Coalition (QELCCC) is a group that advocates for and supports the integration of a palliative approach to care.
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Description
Test your knowledge about palliative care in Canada. This quiz covers essential topics such as the reasons for avoiding discussions about death, the contributions to the Framework on Palliative Care, and the impact of open conversations regarding end-of-life care. Enhance your understanding of the evolving landscape of death and dying in Canadian society.
